The Domain Name System ( DNS ) is a hierarchical distributed naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network.

A Domain Name Service resolves queries for these names into IP addresses for the purpose of locating computer services and devices worldwide.

By providing a worldwide, distributed keyword-based redirection service, the Domain Name System is an essential component of the functionality of the Internet.

An often-used analogy to explain the Domain Name System is that it serves as the phone book for the Internet by translating human-friendly computer hostnames into IP addresses.

The Domain Name System distributes the responsibility of assigning domain names and mapping those names to IP addresses by designating authoritative name servers for each domain.

The Domain Name System also specifies the technical functionality of this database service.

The Domain Name System maintains the domain name hierarchy and provides translation services between it and the address spaces.

Internet name servers and a communication protocol implement the Domain Name System.

At the request of Jon Postel, Paul Mockapetris invented the Domain Name System in 1983 and wrote the first implementation.

In 1984, four Berkeley students — Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle, and Songnian Zhou — wrote the first Unix implementation, called The Berkeley Internet Name Domain ( BIND ) Server.

The hierarchical Domain Name System, organized into zones, each served by a name server

However, with only authoritative name servers operating, every DNS query must start with recursive queries at the root zone of the Domain Name System and each user system must implement resolver software capable of recursive operation.

To improve efficiency, reduce DNS traffic across the Internet, and increase performance in end-user applications, the Domain Name System supports DNS cache servers which store DNS query results for a period of time determined in the configuration ( time-to-live ) of the domain name record in question.

The Domain Name System includes several other functions:

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Originally written by four graduate students at the Computer Systems Research Group at the University of California, Berkeley ( UCB ), the name originates as an acronym from Berkeley Internet Name Domain, reflecting the application's use within UCB.

The acronym BIND is for Berkeley Internet Name Domain, from a technical paper published in 1984.

This includes, but is not limited to, Domain Name System ( DNS ) Servers, Network Authentication, Network Shares, Network Resources, Email accounts, and all aspects of server software.

It helped spearhead development of the Internet, including the Domain Name System and refinement of TCP / IP communications protocols that remain fundamental to Internet operations.

In addition to helping develop TCP / IP and the Domain Name System ( DNS ), ISI contributed to the Net by editing the " Request for Comments " ( RFC ) series, the written record of the emerging network's technical structure and operation, from 1977 through 2009.

Per its original Bylaws, primary responsibility for policy formation in ICANN was to be delegated to three supporting organizations ( Address Supporting Organization, Domain Name Supporting Organization, and Protocol Supporting Organization ), each of which was to develop and recommend substantive policies and procedures for the management of the identifiers within their respective scope.

As expected, the Regional Internet Registries and the IETF agreed to serve as the Address Supporting Organization and Protocol Supporting Organization respectively, and ICANN issued a call for interested parties to propose the structure and composition of the Domain Name Supporting Organization.

In the Domain Name System, hostnames are mapped to IPv6 addresses by AAAA resource records, so-called quad-A records.

The naming scheme used on Janet ( Janet NRS ) had similarities to the Internet's Domain Name System, but with domains specified in big-endian format rather than the little-endian style used by DNS.

The Domain Name System ( DNS ) associates a mail server to a domain with mail exchanger ( MX ) resource records containing the domain name of a host providing MTA services.

An informational RFC can be nearly anything from April 1 jokes over proprietary protocols up to widely recognized essential RFCs like Domain Name System Structure and Delegation ( RFC 1591 ).

A top-level domain ( TLD ) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet.

Countries are designated in the Domain Name System by their two-letter ISO country code ; there are exceptions, however ( e. g.,. uk ).

Since 2009, countries with non-Latin based alphabets or scripting systems may apply for internationalized country code top-level domain names, which are displayed in end-user applications in their language-native script or alphabet, but use a Punycode-translated ASCII domain name in the Domain Name System.

ICANN started to accept applications for IDN ccTLDs in November 2009, and installed the first set into the Domain Names System in May 2010.

TTLs also occur in the Domain Name System ( DNS ), where they are set by an authoritative name server for a particular resource record.

The earliest documented event in Alaric's reign concerned providing refuge to Syagrius, the former ruler of the Domain of Soissons ( in what is now north western France ) who had been defeated by Clovis I King of the Franks.

The Governor's office and official residence is Government House next to the Royal Botanic Gardens and surrounded by Kings Domain in Melbourne.

Included Windows XP Service Pack 2, the Royale Windows Theme and joining a Windows Active Directory Domain is disabled.

" cn = John Doe " is the entry's RDN ( Relative Distinguished Name ), and " dc = example, dc = com " is the DN of the parent entry, where " dc " denotes ' Domain Component '.

A MUD (; originally Multi-User Dungeon, with later variants Multi-User Dimension and Multi-User Domain ), is a multiplayer real-time virtual world, usually text-based.

The SRC Homology 3 Domain ( or SH3 domain ) is a small protein domain of about 60 amino acids residues first identified as a conserved sequence in the viral adaptor protein v-Crk and the non-catalytic parts of enzymes such as phospholipase and several cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases such as Abl and Src.

The preferred setting is the Gateway Domain region of the Imperium.

* It is transaction-oriented, suitable for simple query-response protocols such as the Domain Name System or the Network Time Protocol.

Examples of name servers is the Domain Name System ( DNS ), one of the two principal name spaces of the Internet.

The top hierarchy of the Internet Domain Name System is served by the root name servers maintained by delegation by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ( ICANN ).

Domain names are organized in subordinate levels ( subdomains ) of the DNS root domain, which is nameless.

Although the Domain Name System is case-insensitive, to better fit in with the flow of textual information, domain names are usually written in lowercase.

The character set allowed in the Domain Name System is based on ASCII and does not allow the representation of names and words of many languages in their native scripts or alphabets.

The key benefit of Time Domain reflectometry over other testing methods is the non-destructive method of these tests.

This reference is either acquired through a stringified Uniform Resource Identifier ( URI ) string, NameService lookup ( similar to Domain Name System ( DNS )), or passed-in as a method parameter during a call.

* Domain of a function, also called the source, the set of input values for which the function is defined

* Aegidius dies ( possibly poisoned ) and is succeeded by his son Syagrius who becomes ruler of the Domain of Soissons ( Gaul ).