The main repopulation areas were the Douro Basin ( the northern plateau ), the high Ebro valley ( La Rioja ) and central Catalonia.

The country can be divided into ten natural regions or subregions: the dominant Meseta Central, the Cantabrian Mountains ( Cordillera Cantabrica ) and the northwest region, the Ibérico region, the Pyrenees, the Penibético region in the southeast, the Andalusian Plain, the Ebro Basin, the coastal plains, the Balearic Islands, and the Canary Islands.

The major lowland regions are the Andalusian Plain in the southwest, the Ebro Basin in the northeast, and the coastal plains.

Pamplona is located in the middle of Navarre in a rounded valley, known as the Basin of Pamplona, that links the mountainous North with the Ebro valley.

The obduction of one tectonic plate onto another also causes a load and often results in the creation of a foreland basin, such as the Po basin next to the Alps in Italy, the Molasse Basin next to the Alps in Germany, or the Ebro basin next to the Pyrenees in Spain.

One significant exception is the river with the most abundant flow in Spain, the Ebro, which flows eastward to the Mediterranean.

Aragon is home to many rivers — most notably, the river Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume, which runs west-east across the entire region through the province of Zaragoza.

The settlement gave Charles the Bald the kingdom of the West Franks, which he had been up till then governing and which practically corresponded with what is now France, as far as the Meuse, the Saône, and the Rhône, with the addition of the Spanish March as far as the Ebro.

Even in generally warmer southern Europe, thick fog and localized fog is often found in lowlands and valleys, such as the lower part of the Po Valley and the Arno and Tiber valleys in Italy or Ebro Valley in northeastern Iberia, as well as on the Swiss plateau, especially in the Seeland area, in late autumn and winter.

Navarre is a mixture of its Vasconic tradition, the Trans-Pyrenean influx of people and ideas and Mediterranean influences coming from the Ebro.

The Ebro valley is amenable to wheat, vegetables, wine, and even olive trees as in Aragon and La Rioja.

The historical centre of Pamplona is on the right bank of the Arga, a tributary of the Ebro.

Saguntum is an independent Iberian Peninsula city south of the Ebro River.

Saguntum is south of the Ebro, but the Romans have " friendship " with the city and regard the Carthaginian attack on it as an act of war.

* The Carthaginian general, Hannibal, is denied any reinforcements from Spain for his forces now based in Italy by the activities of the Roman general Publius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus, who, in a battle at Dertosa near the Ebro River effectively stop the Carthaginian general, Hasdrubal's attempt to break through to Italy.

In a naval battle on the Ebro River at Tarraco, the Carthaginian general Hasdrubal's fleet is largely destroyed by a daring surprise Roman attack led by Publius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus.

In this he said, " The Prime Minister must realise that in this country there is a taunt on everyone's lips that if Rommel had been in the British Army he would still have been a sergeant ... There is a man in the British Army who flung 150, 000 men across the Ebro in Spain, Michael Dunbar.

He is at present a sergeant ... He was Chief of Staff in Spain, he won the Battle of the Ebro, and he is a sergeant.

Álava is an inland territory and features a largely transitional climate between the humid, Atlantic neighbouring northern provinces and the dry and warmer lands south of the Ebro River.

The Valira is a tributary to the Segre, which in turn is a tributary to the Ebro.

It is the third longest river in the Iberian Peninsula after the Tagus and Ebro ; its total length is, of which only sections of the Portuguese extension are navigable, by light rivercraft.

There is a narrow strip in the left bank of the Ebro river lying in the southernmost part of Álava included in the La Rioja wine region, whereas the south-southwestern part of the La Rioja region is not a part of this Protected designation of origin.

Yet by the beginning of June 1835 he had made the Carlist cause triumphant to the north of the Ebro, and had formed an army of more than 30, 000 men, of much better quality than the constitutional forces.

The Army of the Ebro was formed on May 15 under Lieutenant Colonel Juan Modesto, merging the 15th and the 5th Army Corps.

Under the Banu Qasi, the region of Upper Ebro ( modern districts of Logroño and Southern Navarra ) formed a semi-autonomous principality.

In 1913, he negotiated a deal with the Spanish government for a hydro project on the Ebro River and formed the Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company to carry out the construction that was completed in 1915.

Zumalacárregui resuscitated the Carlist cause, and by 1835 had driven the Cristino armies to the Ebro River and transformed the Carlist army from a demoralized band into a professional army of 30, 000 of superior quality to the government forces.

The Battle of the Ebro in July – November 1938 was the final desperate attempt by the Republicans to turn the tide.

* Spain – Vehículos Industriales y Agrícolas, S. A. ( VIASA ), absorbed by Ebro trucks, and later sold to Nissan – 1960-1990s

The Iberian conquest was begun by Hamilcar Barca and his other son-in-law, Hasdrubal the Fair, who ruled relatively independently of Carthage and signed the Ebro treaty with Rome.

According to Roman tradition, Hannibal had been made to swear by his father never to be a friend of Rome, and he certainly did not take a conciliatory attitude when the Romans berated him for crossing the river Iberus ( Ebro ) which Carthage was bound by treaty not to cross.

Hannibal did not cross the Ebro River ( Saguntum was near modern Valencia – well south of the river ) in arms, and the Saguntines provoked his attack by attacking their neighboring tribes who were Carthaginian protectorates and by massacring pro-Punic factions in their city.

Its commanders, the brothers Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus and Publius Cornelius Scipio, knew that Hannibal had crossed the Ebro, but were surprised by the Carthaginian army's presence at the Rhone upstream of their ally Massalia, where they had landed.

The defeat of the Republican armies in the Battle of the Ebro led in 1938 and 1939 to the occupation of Catalonia by Franco's forces, who abolished Catalan autonomy and brought in a dictatorial regime, which took strong measures against Catalan nationalism and Catalan culture.

Situated on a promontory by the Ebre ( Ebro ) river, the town occupied an important strategic position.

Unlike Biscay and Gipuzkoa, but for Ayala and Aramaio, the waters of Álava pour into the Ebro and hence to the Mediterranean by means of two main waterways, i. e. the Zadorra ( main axis of Álava ) and Bayas Rivers.

It is located in view of the landscape of the northwestern foothills of the Ports de Tortosa-Beseit, by the Matarranya River, a tributary to the right of the Ebro.

It is located by the confluence of the rivers Segre and Ebro.

Priorat has an area of 496 km² and is bordered by the River Ebro, and by the comarques of Baix Camp, les Garrigues, and Conca de Barberà.

The Sistema Ibérico extends from the Cordillera Cantábrica southeastward and, close to the Mediterranean, spreads out from the Río Ebro to the Río Júcar.

In 506, the Visigoths captured the city of Dertosa in the Ebro valley.

Though Hamilcar was killed in 229 BC, the offensive continued with the Carthaginians extending their power towards the Ebro valley and founding " New Carthage " in 228 BC.

* The semiarid climate ( Bsh, Bsk ), located in the southeastern quarter of the country, especially in the region of Murcia and in the Ebro valley.

* The Almoravids loose their control of the Ebro valley:

** Pope Pelagius II grants the status of Crusade to the Christian effort in the Ebro valley attracting numerous Gascon, Occitan and Norman knights.

The most densely populated areas are around the valley of the river Ebro, particularly around Zaragoza, and in the Pyrenean foothills, while the areas with the fewest inhabitants tend to be those that are higher up in the Pyrenean mountains, and in most of the southern province of Teruеl.

Despite its relatively small size, Navarre features stark contrasts in geography, from the Pyrenees mountain range that dominates the territory to the plains of the Ebro river valley in the south.

Many of Rioja's vineyards are found along the Ebro valley between the towns of Haro and Alfaro.

In his chronicle, the historian of Qurtuba describes the areas of Al-Andalus, and the Ebro valley.

Or according to their familiar ties a usual marriage alliance was renewed between their families, interpreted in the Asturians court as a diplomatic victory over the independent Basque Duchy ; or, a much needed collaboration between the two Houses to reduce a seceding faction of the Alavese Basques risking a defection of these to the Banu Qasi down in the Ebro valley, with the hand of his cousin Munia as prize.

The name bagaudae reappears once again in the mid fifth century, when they are mentioned in control of parts of central Gaul and the Ebro valley.

It is situated in the Ebro valley, 48 kilometres from Logroño, 120 km from Zaragoza and 180 km from Bilbao, and is connected to these cities by national highway 232, the A-68 motorway ( Vasco-Aragonesa ) and the Bilbao-Zaragoza rail line.

Tudela is sited in the Ebro valley.

The city's weather is moderated by its location in the valley of the river Ebro, and its weather conditions are typical of the continental Mediterranean climate.

Significantly large numbers of Mozarabs settled in the Ebro valley.

At its greatest extent the Kingdom of Navarre included all the modern Spanish province ; the northern slope of the western Pyrenees called by the Spaniards the ultra puertos (" country beyond the mountain passes ") or French Navarre ; the Basque provinces of Spain and France ; the Bureba, the valley between the Basque mountains and the Montes de Oca to the north of Burgos ; the Rioja and Tarazona in the upper valley of the Ebro.

Romanization was rather intense in the area known as Ager Vasconum ( the Ebro valley ) but limited in the mountainous Saltus, where evidence of Roman civilization appears only in mining places, like Oiasso.

It took Cato the Elder, who became consul in 195 BC and was given the command of the whole peninsula to put down the rebellion in the northeast and the lower Ebro valley.