Several fundamental common law institutions may have been adapted from similar legal institutions in Islamic law and jurisprudence, and introduced to England after the Norman conquest of England by the Normans, who conquered and inherited the Islamic legal administration of the Emirate of Sicily, and also by Crusaders during the Crusades.

The Nasrids also supplied troops for Castile, from the Emirate and mercenaries from North Africa.

Emirs are usually considered high-ranking Sheikhs, but in monarchic states, the term is also used for Princes, with " Emirate " being analogous to a sovereign principality.

The Emirate of Transjordan ( Arabic: ), also hyphenated as Trans-Jordan and previously known as Transjordania or Trans-Jordania, was a British protectorate established in April 1921.

Al Ain (,, literally The Spring ), also known as the Garden City due to its greenery, is the second largest city in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the fourth largest city in the United Arab Emirates.

In the past, it was also followed in parts of Europe under Islamic rule, particularly Islamic Spain and the Emirate of Sicily.

Aside from government schools, there are also private schools, and due to the majority of the population of the Emirate hailing from the Indian subcontinent, most of the private schools follow the IndianCentral Board of Secondary Education ( CBSE ) syllabus, accredited by the Central Education Board of India.

Oultrejordain was also known in Latin as Transjordan, and covered territory that would later become part of the Emirate of Transjordan and the modern country of Jordan.

The islands are administered by Iran as part of its province of Hormozgan, but are also claimed by UAE as a territory of the Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah.

Ali Musaevich Taziev (), also known as Akhmed Yevloev ( Ingush: Йовлой Ахьмад, ), Magomet Yevloyev, and Emir Magas, is the former leader of both the Ingushetia-based Ingush Jamaat as well as the military wing of the Caucasus Emirate.

While this was transpiring, in the nearby southern Tarim Basin city of Khotan, three brothers of rich Bughra family, Muhammad Amin Bughra, Abdullah Bughra and Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra, educated in the jadidist tradition, had led a rebellion of gold miners who worked in Surghak mines near Keriya city, also in Yurunkash and Karakash mountain rivers, and established themselves as emirs of the city, having declared the Khotan Emirate and independence from China on March 16, 1933.

The Khotan Emirate dispatched one of the three brothers, Shahmansur, known also as Emir Abdullah, and a former publisher named Sabit Damolla to Kashgar, where they established the Kashgar Affairs Office of the Khotan Government, led by Muhammad Amin Bughra, in July 1933.

The Marinids also strongly influenced the policy of the Emirate of Granada, from which they enlarged their army in 1275.

Outside Saudi Arabia, the Taliban regime, or Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, also had a " Ministry of the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice " with a very similar religious policing function.

They are also religious-policing organizations in Islamic countries like Saudi Arabia and the former Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan with at least some government recognition or deference which enforce varied interpretations of Sharia law.

The bank has also won the Dubai Quality Award in the Emirate of Dubai as well as the Sheikh Khalifa Excellence Award in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

Since December 2004, he has also been the Chairman of the Abu Dhabi Executive Council, which is responsible for the development and planning of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and is a member of the Supreme Petroleum Council.

Al Omeir also sits on the UAE's Supreme Petroleum Council, a powerful body that is responsible for the vast oil reserves of the country and the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

In the past, it was also followed in parts of Europe under Islamic rule, particularly Islamic Spain and the Emirate of Sicily.

It was also ruled by Umayyads, Emirate of Mengujekids, Empire of Trebizond, Akkoyunlu and Safavids.

* Sultan Said Khan-seized power from Dughlat Amirs ' Dynasty of Yarkand state in 1514 ( known at the time as Mamlakati Yarkand or Kashgar Emirate, it included cities Kashgar, Yarkand, Yangihissar, Hotan and at short times also Aksu and Uch Turpan ) in West Kashgaria and united in 1516 western and eastern parts of Kashgaria in one centralized state-Kashgar and Uyghurstan.

* March – Muhammed III, former Sultan of the Emirate of Granada is blinded and found dead in a pool after an attempted coup to retake his throne from his brother Nasr.

The original Arabic name of Crete was Iqrīṭiš ( < ( της ) Κρήτης ), but after the Emirate of Crete's establishment of its new capital at ربض الخندق Rabḍ al-ḫandaq ( modern Iraklion ), both the city and the island became known as Χάνδαξ ( Khandhax ) or Χάνδακας ( Khandhakas ), which gave Latin and Venetian Candia, from which French Candie and English Candy or Candia.

It ruled large parts of Afghanistan and its capital, Kabul, as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan from September 1996 until October 2001.

The slaves were mostly captured by Venice from Dalmatia, the Holy Roman Empire from what is now Prussia and Poland, and the Byzantines from elsewhere in the Balkans, and were generally destined for other parts of the Byzantine Empire and ( most frequently ) the Muslim states surrounding the Mediterranean: the Abbasid Caliphate, the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba, the Emirate of Sicily, and the Fatimid Caliphate ( which relied on Slavs purchased at the Bari market for its legions of Sakalaba Mamluks ).

For 20 years, Bari was the center of the Emirate of Bari ; the city was captured by its first emirs Kalfun in 847, who had been part of the mercenary garrison installed there by Radelchis I of Benevento.

During the later period of its existence and particularly from 1031 AD under the Ta ' ifa system of Islamic Emirates ( Princedoms ) in the southern half of Iberia, the Emirate / Sultanate of Granada maintained its independence largely due to the payment of Tributes to the northern Christian Kingdoms which began to gradually expand south at its expense from 1031.

Juan Vásquez held various positions in the administration of the recently captured Emirate of Granada under Iñigo López de Mendoza, its first Spanish governor.

These three cities were the core of the Nasrid dynasty and its Emirate of Granada, which was a vassal state of Castile, until the kingdom was finally taken by the Catholic Monarchs in 1492.

According to the U. S. State Department Digest of International Law the status of the mandate was not altered by the agreement between the United Kingdom and the Emirate concluded on 20 February 1928 which recognized the existence of an independent government in Transjordan and defined and limited its powers.

It passed briefly to the Emirate of Córdoba in the eighth century before its conquest by the Franks, who by the end of the ninth century termed it Gothia or the Gothic March ( Marca Gothica ).

Durrani Empire | Durrani Emirate at its height under the leadership of Ahmad Shah Durrani, prior to the Third Battle of Panipat.

As the Atlantic slave trade weakened in the early 19th century, The Emirate of Trarza and its neighbors, in what is today southern Mauritania, collected taxes on trade, especially gum arabic, which the French were purchasing in ever-increasing quantities for its use in industrial fabric production.

In 1994 it developed enough strength to capture the city of Kandahar from a local warlord and proceeded to expand its control throughout Afghanistan, occupying Herat in September 1995, then Kabul in September 1996, and declaring the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan ( although there was no Emir ).

The new summer schedule commencing 28 April 2006 saw the complete withdrawal of Abu Dhabi as a hub following the decision on 13 September 2005 by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi to withdraw from Gulf Air and establish its own airline, Etihad Airways.

Part of the Khanate of Bukhara since the 16th century ( the Emirate of Bukhara since the 18th century ), the city changed its name from Khatlon to Kulob in 1750.

Under the Rashidun each region ( Sultanate, Wilayah, or Emirate ) of the Caliphate had its own governor ( Sultan, Wāli or Emir ).

On October 31, 2007, Umarov proclaimed the Caucasus Emirate and it's assumed he is now the Military Amir of the Caucasus Emirate, of which the Caucasian Front is still its military branch.

In the 8th century, it became a part of Emirate of Tbilisi ; in the middle of the 9th century, it was taken by the Georgian Bagrationis, while the Armenian Bagratunis took over its eastern cantons.

Moreover, unlike other ethnic borders of the former Russian Empire, which were delimited during the Tsarist days ( e. g. Transcaucasia lost its feudal administration by the mid-19th century ), the Soviet authorities inherited two provinces that were de jure never part of Russia proper, the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Khiva.

Russia has restored control over Chechnya, but the separatist government functions still in exile, though it has been split into two entities: the Achmed Zakayev-run secular Chechen Republic ( based in Poland, the UK and the USA ), and the Islamic Caucasus Emirate.

On January 2, 1492, the last Muslim ruler in Iberia, Emir Muhammad XII, known as Boabdil to the Spanish, surrendered complete control of the Emirate of Granada to Ferdinand II and Isabella I, Los Reyes Católicos (' The Catholic Monarchs '), after the last battle of the Granada War.

He intended to advance against the governor of Tudela and thus control all access to the Navarre and the Basque Country, but the Emirate of Córdoba responded with the invasion and sacking of Álava.

* The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan took control of the Shokhi and Khan Aqa districts in Kapisa province after several days of heavy clashes with the Afghan Northern Alliance led by Ahmad Shah Masood.

The country was renamed the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan by the Taliban, after seizing control of the majority of the country in 1996.

After the rebellion of 826, during which Guillemó and Aissó succeeded in taking it with help from the Emirate of Córdoba, Osona remained depopulated and outside of Frankish control until 879.

In response, the Cordoban Emirate launched a campaign to place the region under their firm control, and in 781 defeated a local leader called Ibn Balask (" son of Velasco ") and seated a muwallad governor, Mutarrif ibn Musa, in Pamplona.

Pippin's son, Charlemagne, fulfilled the Carolingian goal of extending the defensive boundaries of the empire beyond Septimania, creating a strong barrier state between the Umayyad Emirate / Caliphate of Iberia and the Frankish Empire, besides tightening control over the Duchy of Vasconia by establishing the Kingdom of Aquitaine ruled by his son Louis the Pious in 781.

Consequently, the young warlord Trannis took control of the Decepticon army on the planet, and led a fierce campaign against the Autobots, reclaiming the cities they had taken, levelling the capital city-state of Iacon, and executing the Autobot council of elders, save for Emirate Xaaron, who fled with his troops and continued to fight.

* 1996: Taliban forces seize control of most of Afghanistan and declare the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

* 929-Abd al-Rahman III proclaims himself Caliph in Córdoba and transforms the Emirate of Córdoba into an independent caliphate no longer under even theoretical control from Baghdad.

On 31 March 2011, Al Bawaba reported that Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula ( AQAP ) had declared Abyan an " Islamic Emirate " after seizing control of the region.