Following the Glorious Revolution, the line of succession to the English throne was governed by the Bill of Rights 1689, which declared that the flight of James II from England to France during the revolution amounted to an abdication of the throne and that James ' son-in-law, ( and nephew ) William of Orange, and his wife, James ' daughter, Mary, were James ' successors, who ruled jointly as William III and Mary II.

For example, the rules of tournament bridge are governed by the World Bridge Federation, and by local bodies in various countries such as the American Contract Bridge League in the U. S., and the English Bridge Union in England.

The conservative Union Nationale governed the province of Quebec in periods from 1936 to 1960, in a close alliance with English Canadian business elites and the Catholic Church.

By the end of Alfred's reign in 899 he was the only remaining English king, having reduced Mercia to a dependency of Wessex, governed by his son-in-law Ealdorman Aethelred.

) The use of the forms of a lexeme is governed by rules of grammar ; in the case of English verbs such as < span style =" font-variant: small-caps ; text-transform: lowercase "> RUN </ span >, these include subject-verb agreement and compound tense rules, which determine which form of a verb can be used in a given sentence.

The Elizabethan English constitutionalist John Aylmer compared the mixed government of Tudor England to the Spartan republic, stating that " Lacedemonia Sparta, the noblest and best city governed that ever was ".

She seems to have inherited this indomitability from her mother, who fought to establish her husband's claim to the Kingdom of Naples, and her paternal grandmother Yolande of Aragon, who actually governed Anjou " with a man's hand ", putting the province in order and keeping out the English.

Thus the history of English military law up to 1879 may be divided into three periods, each having a distinct constitutional aspect: ( I ) prior to 1689, the army, being regarded as so many personal retainers of the sovereign rather than servants of the state, was mainly governed by the will of the sovereign ; ( 2 ) between 1689 and 1803, the army, being recognized as a permanent force, was governed within the realm by statute and without it by the prerogative of the crown and ( 3 ) from 1803 to 1879, it was governed either directly by statute or by the sovereign under an authority derived from and defined and limited by statute.

Earlier in Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People chronicle, he lists seven kings who governed the southern provinces of the English, with reigns dating from the late fifth to the late seventh century.

When English colonists first arrived in the area in the early 1600s, the Virginia Eastern Shore region was governed by Debedeavon ( aka " The Laughing King "), paramount chief of the Accawmacke clans who numbered around 2000 at the time.

Beginning in 1665, the Wampanoag governed themselves with a court of law and trials according to English custom ( they had long governed themselves according to their own customs ).

In 1773, John Day's Bridge, a village governed by the English township of Morris since its settlement in 1710, was renamed as, Chatham, in honor of Sir William Pitt, a British prime minister and the first Earl of Chatham who was most favorable toward the colonists of the Province of New Jersey in issues with the British government.

Blackfriars Hall is not a college but a Permanent Private Hall, meaning that it is owned and governed by an outside institution ( in this case, the English Province of the Order of Preachers ) and not by its fellows as a college is.

Religious tolerance was also established elsewhere in the colonies ; the colony of South Carolina, for example, was originally governed under an elaborate charter drawn up in 1669 by the English philosopher John Locke.

The Quebec Act was opposed by the English minority who believed that British citizens should be governed by English law.

In 1513, Moldavia started to pay annual tribute to the Ottoman Empire, but remained autonomous and was governed as before by a native Voivod / Prince, also known as Domnitor or Hospodar ( Lord in English ).

Traditional Aboriginal society had been governed by councils of elders and a corporate decision making process, but the first government established in Sydney after 1788 was an autocratic system run by an appointed governor-although English law was transplanted into the Australian colonies by virtue of the doctrine of reception, thus notions of the rights and processes established by the Magna Carta of 1215 and the Bill of Rights of 1689 were brought from Britain by the colonists.

In medieval times, Bray was on the border of the coastal district, governed directly by the English crown from Dublin Castle, known as the Pale.

In practice, however, speakers lie between these two extremes, holding that because English changes with time and is governed in large measure by convention, a construction may be considered correct once it is used by a majority of speakers, but also that a given sentence is incorrect if it violates the conventions of English that apply to its context.

* 1879 – John Ireland, English composer ( d. 1962 )

The membership of nearly 25, 000 women, all singing in English, includes choruses in most of the fifty United States as well as in Australia, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden, Wales and the Netherlands.

The Oxford English Dictionary applies the term to English " as spoken or written in the British Isles ; esp the forms of English usual in Great Britain ", reserving " Hiberno-English " for the " English language as spoken and written in Ireland ".

The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is a literary prize awarded each year for the best original full-length novel, written in the English language, by a citizen of the Commonwealth of Nations, Ireland, or Zimbabwe.

Lancaster's maternal grandparents were immigrants to the U. S. from Belfast and descendants of English immigrants to Ireland.

The Antiphonary of Bangor proves that Ireland accepted the Gallican version in the 7th century, and the English Church did so in the 10th.

The English had been involved, both politically and militarily, in Ireland since being given the Lordship of Ireland by the pope in 1171.

The English Army ( and subsequently the British Army ) stayed in Ireland primarily to suppress numerous Irish revolts and campaigns for independence.

Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, India, Belize, and various Caribbean and African nations have adopted English common law through reception statutes although they do not inevitably continue to copy English Common Law ; later cases can often draw on decisions in other Common Law jurisdictions.

In eight years of active service as an officer, he served two and a half years in a surveying ship in the Mediterranean ( 1818 – 21 ), one and a half years in a surveying sloop in the English Channel and off the coast of Ireland ( 1823 – 24 ), and one and a half years as Surveyor of the frigate during a voyage ( 1824 – 26 ) to and from the Hawaiian Islands ( then known as the " Sandwich islands ").

Therefore, it is clear there is no real consensus of what the term crannog actually implies, although the modern adoption in the English language broadly refers to a partially or completely artificial islet which saw use from the prehistoric to the Post-Medieval period in Ireland and Scotland.

Latin, the common language of the church, Old English, the language of the Angles and Saxons, Irish, spoken on the western coasts of Britain and in Ireland, Brythonic, ancestor of the Welsh language, spoken in large parts of western Britain, and Pictish, spoken in northern Britain.

Among those noted by the Irish annals, the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle are Ívarr — Ímar in Irish sources — who was active from East Anglia to Ireland, Halfdán — Albdann in Irish, Healfdene in Old English — and Amlaíb or Óláfr.

In less than a decade, the kingdom of the English had become by far the greatest power in Britain and Ireland, perhaps stretching as far north as the Firth of Forth.

The most important English chronicles are the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, started under the patronage of King Alfred in the 9th century and continued until the 12th century, and the Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland ( 1577 – 87 ) by Raphael Holinshed and other writers ; the latter documents were important sources of materials for Elizabethan drama.

* 1653 – English Interregnum: The Protectorate – Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.

Guide books and posters from Ireland, Scotland in Gaelic, English, Doric and Scots, Cornwall, Brittany and Nova Scotia refer to live music performances.

Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál (" Fál " being a legendary name for Ireland ).

The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England ( James VII of Scotland and James II of Ireland ) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau ( William of Orange ).

In Ireland, grand juries were active during the Lordship of Ireland in parts of the island under the control of the English government-The Pale.

The History takes too much for granted to serve as a text for other than English schoolboys, and like Britain in the nineteenth century it deteriorates badly as it goes beyond 1870.

And like this English master, Mason realizes his subjects in large, simplified masses which, though they seem effortless, are in reality the result of skilled design born of hard work and a thorough distillation of the natural form that inspired them.

In other words, like automation machines designed to work in tandem, they shared the same programming, a mutual understanding not only of English words, but of the four stresses, pitches, and junctures that can change their meaning from black to white.

Much like the relationship between British English and American English, the Austrian and German varieties differ in minor respects ( e. g., spelling, word usage and grammar ) but are recognizably equivalent and largely mutually intelligible.

Later General Baptists such as John Griffith, Samuel Loveday, and Thomas Grantham defended a Reformed Arminian theology that reflected more the Arminianism of Arminius than that of the later Remonstrants or the English Arminianism of Arminian Puritans like John Goodwin or Anglican Arminians such as Jeremy Taylor and Henry Hammond.

There are many other allophonic processes in English, like lack of plosion, nasal plosion, partial devoicing of sonorants, complete devoicing of sonorants, partial devoicing of obstruents, lengthening and shortening vowels, and retraction.

Affixes may be derivational, like English-ness and pre -, or inflectional, like English plural-s and past tense-ed.

However her novels, like those of her sisters, have become classics of English literature.

" The English Renaissance was, he said, " like the Italian Renaissance before it, a sort of rebirth of the spirit of man ".

Notable American restaurant chefs include Thomas Keller, Charlie Trotter, Grant Achatz, Alfred Portale, Paul Prudhomme, Paul Bertolli, Frank Stitt, Alice Waters, and celebrity chefs like Mario Batali, Alton Brown, Emeril Lagasse, Cat Cora, Michael Symon, Bobby Flay, Ina Garten, Todd English, Sandra Lee, and Paula Deen.

E. Chantre in 1894 picked up lustreless ware, like that of Hissariik, in central Phtygia and at Pteria, and the English archaeological expeditions, sent subsequently into north-western Anatolia, have never failed to bring back ceramic specimens of Aegean appearance from the valleys of the Rhyndncus, Sangarius and Halys.

The term came to denote the season in 16th century England, a contraction of Middle English expressions like " fall of the leaf " and " fall of the year ".

Anglo-Saxon ᴁcerntun might become Middle English Akerenton, Akerinton and the like.

Controversial Talmud passages previously obscured, omitted entirely or confined to footnotes in English translations like the Soncino Talmud, receive full exposition in the Steinsaltz Talmud.

Though some deplore the name, arguing that it makes the industry look like a poor cousin to Hollywood, it has its own entry in the Oxford English Dictionary.

In fact, the English alphabet has fewer consonant letters than English has consonant sounds, so digraphs like " ch ", " sh ", " th ", and " zh " are used to extend the alphabet, and some letters and digraphs represent more than one consonant.

The 21 consonant letters in the English alphabet are B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Z, and usually W and Y: The letter Y stands for the consonant in " yoke ", the vowel in " myth " and the vowel in " funny ", and " yummy " for both consonant and vowel, for examples ; W almost always represents a consonant except in rare words ( mostly loanwords from Welsh ) like " crwth " " cwm ".

On the other, there are approximants that behave like consonants in forming onsets but are articulated very much like vowels, as the y in English yes.

For example, 沙发 ／ 沙發 " sofa " and 马达 ／ 馬達 " motor " in Shanghainese sound more like their English counterparts.

In Mandarin Chinese it is pronounced something like " chee " in English, but the tongue position is different.

German haben ( like English have ) in fact comes from PIE * kap, ' to grasp ', and its real cognate in Latin is capere, ' to seize, grasp, capture '.