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The Finnish Civil War (; ) was a part of the national, political and social turmoil caused by World War I ( 1914 – 1918 ) in Europe.
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Finnish and Civil
An artillery school set up by the anti-socialist " Whites " during the Finnish Civil War, 1918
The larger airports are managed by the state-owned Finavia ( formerly the Finnish Civil Aviation Administration ).
After independence from Russia in 1917, the Finnish Civil War, including interventions by Imperial Germany and Soviet Russia, and failure of the Communist revolution, resulted in the official ban on Communism, and strengthening relations with Western countries.
* Germany gave direct military support to Finnish independence by training Finnish Jägers and successfully intervened in Finnish Civil War in favor of the nationalist Whites.
Following the Finnish Civil War and October revolution, Russians were virtually equated with Communists and due to official hostility to Communism, Finno-Soviet relations in the period between the world wars remained tense.
The main factors behind the Finnish Civil War were World War I, the collapse of the Russian Empire, and the February and October Revolutions of 1917.
The Finnish Civil War would probably have started at that point had there been enough weapons in the country to arm the two sides ; instead, there began a race for weapons and a final escalation towards war.
By the beginning of the Civil War, Austria-Hungary, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland had recognized Finnish independence.
The official starting date of the Finnish Civil War remains a matter of debate.
The Finnish Civil War was fought primarily along the railways, the vital means of transporting troops and supplies.
As a result, only 7, 000 to 10, 000 troops participated in the Finnish Civil War, of which no more than 4, 000, in separate smaller units of 100-1, 000 men, could be persuaded to fight in the front line.
The German Empire intervened in the Finnish Civil War on the side of the White Army in March 1918.
Like other European nations, Sweden tried to protect and promote its national interests during the Finnish Civil War and World War I.
The government of Sweden finally approved participation of volunteer Swedish soldiers in the Finnish Civil War, on the White side.
* 1918 – Finnish Civil War: A group of Red Guards hangs a red lantern atop the tower of Helsinki Workers ' Hall to symbolically mark the start of the war.
* 1918 – Finnish Civil War:
* 1918 – Finnish Civil War: The first serious battles take place between the Red Guards and the White Guard.
During the Finnish Civil War in 1918, Nurmi remained politically passive and concentrated on his work and his Olympic ambitions.
Finland was the first republic that declared its independence from Russia in December 1917, and established itself in the ensuing Finnish Civil War from January to May 1918.
During the Finnish Civil War, Kekkonen fought for the White Guard ( Kajaani chapter ), fighting in Kuopio, Varkaus, Mouhu and Viipuri, and taking part in mop-up operations, including leading a firing squad in Hamina.
Category: People of the Finnish Civil War ( White side )
* January 27 – The Finnish Civil War begins.
Finnish and War
* 1945 – World War II: German troops are finally expelled from Finnish Lapland.
* Hakkapeliitta ( Finnish cavalry of Thirty Years ' War )
After World War I, both Finland and Sweden laid claim to the islands, which are culturally more Swedish than Finnish.
Studies of Finnish mobility patterns since World War II have confirmed the significance of this exodus.
Discontent with Russian rule, Finnish national identity, and World War I eventually caused Finland to break away from Russia, taking advantage of the fact that Russia was withdrawing from World War I and a revolution was starting in earnest.
The conservative Finnish Senate attempted to establish a Finnish monarchy ruled by the House of Hesse ; after the defeat of Germany in the World War I, however, the Finnish interregnum of 1917-1919 ceased and Finland emerged as an independent, democratic republic, with a modernizing civil society.
The shift to the peaceful development of Finnish society was facilitated by the outcome of World War I, the marked post-war economic progress and recovery, and by the pre-1918 cultural and national unity of the majority of the nation.
During World War I and the rise of Germanism, the ( Svecomans ) began covert collaboration with Imperial Germany, and from 1915 – 1917 a " Jäger " ( Jääkärit ) battalion consisting of 1, 900 Finnish volunteers was trained in Germany.
The blow of World War I hit the Finnish people and the nation, which, at the beginning of the 20th century, stood at the crossroads between the old regime of the estates and the evolution of a modern, democratic society.
Finnish and (;
Linus Benedict Torvalds (; born December 28, 1969 ) is a Finnish American software engineer and hacker, who was the principal force behind the development of the Linux kernel.
Urho Kaleva Kekkonen (; 3 September 1900-31 August 1986 ), was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland ( 1950 – 1953, 1954 – 1956 ) and later as the eighth and longest-serving President of Finland ( 1956 – 1982 ).
Zachris Topelius (; 14 January 1818 – 12 March 1898 ) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish author, journalist, historian, and rector of the University of Helsinki who wrote novels related to Finnish history in Swedish.
Martti Oiva Kalevi Ahtisaari (; born 23 June 1937 ) is a Finnish politician, the tenth President of Finland ( 1994 – 2000 ), Nobel Peace Prize laureate and United Nations diplomat and mediator, noted for his international peace work.
Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg (; January 28, 1865 – September 22, 1952 ) was a Finnish jurist and academic, who played a central role in the drafting of the Constitution of Finland in 1919.
Aki Olavi Kaurismäki (; born 4 April 1957, Orimattila, Finland ) is a Finnish screenwriter and film director.
Johan Vilhelm Snellman (; 12 May 1806, Stockholm – 4 July 1881, Kirkkonummi ) was an influential Fennoman philosopher and Finnish statesman, ennobled in 1866.
UPM-Kymmene Corporation (; usually referred to simply as UPM ) is a Finnish pulp, paper and timber manufacturer.
Kimi-Matias Räikkönen (; born 17 October 1979 in Espoo ) is a Finnish racing driver.
Ior Bock (; originally Bror Holger Svedlin ; 17 January 1942 – 23 October 2010 ) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish tour guide, actor, mythologist and eccentric.
This way, students get inexpensive or free medical and dental care from Finnish Student Health Services, (; YTHS ) traveling discounts in trains and buses, student meals reduction etc.
Pechenga (; Finnish and ; ; ; ) is an urban locality ( an urban-type settlement ) in Pechengsky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia.
Esa-Pekka Salonen (; born June 30, 1958 in Helsinki ) is a Finnish orchestral conductor and composer.
Zelenogorsk (; before 1948 Terijoki, a name still used in Finnish and Swedish ), is a municipal town in the Kurortny District of the federal city of Saint Petersburg, Russia.
The Finnish Cannabis Association ( FCA ) (;, commonly referred to by the acronym SKY ) is a Finnish non-governmental organisation whose purpose is to advocate legalisation or decriminalisation of cannabis.
Opera House, HelsinkiThe Finnish National Opera (; ) in Helsinki is the leading opera company in Finland.
Sortavala (; Finnish and ; ) is a town in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located at the northern tip of Lake Ladoga.
Miikka Sakari Kiprusoff (; born October 26, 1976 ) is a Finnish professional ice hockey goaltender currently playing for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League ( NHL ).
Pesäpallo (;, also referred to as " Finnish baseball ") is a fast-moving ball sport that is quite often referred to as the national sport of Finland and has some presence in other countries, such as Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, Australia, and Northern Ontario in Canada ( Both Canada and Australia have high Finnish and Scandinavian populations ).
The Helsinki Olympic Stadium (; ), located in the Töölö district about from the center of the Finnish capital Helsinki, is the largest stadium in the country, nowadays mainly used for hosting sports events and big concerts.
These terms were based on a Finnish war cry hakkaa päälle (; ), commonly translated as " Cut them down!
1.983 seconds.