The red atoms highlight the aldehyde group, and the blue atoms highlight the chirality ( chemistry ) | asymmetric center furthest from the aldehyde ; because this-OH is on the right of the Fischer projection, this is a D sugar.

The assignment of D or L is made according to the orientation of the asymmetric carbon furthest from the carbonyl group: in a standard Fischer projection if the hydroxyl group is on the right the molecule is a D sugar, otherwise it is an L sugar.

The Fischer projection is a systematic way of drawing the skeletal formula of an acyclic monosaccharide so that the handedness of each chiral carbon is well specified.

In the Fischer projection, two mirror-image isomers differ by having the positions of all chiral hydroxyls reversed right-to-left.

In the Fischer projection, one of the two glucose isomers has the hydroxyl at left on C3, and at right on C4 and C5 ; while the other isomer has the reversed pattern.

In the Fischer projection, the '-' and '-' prefixes specifies the configuration at the carbon atom that is second from bottom: '-' if the hydroxyl is on the right side, and '-' if it is on the left side.

A Fischer projection is a simplified way to depict the stereochemistry around a stereocenter.

The Fischer projection is mostly used for linear monosaccharides.

Nonetheless, the Fischer projection is a simple way of depicting multiple sequential stereocenters that does not require or imply any knowledge of actual conformation:

Image: DGlucose Fischer. svgFischer projection of-Glucose

Fischer projection of-glyceraldehyde

This means an aldose can exist in either a form or form of a Fischer projection.

* Fischer projection

* Hermann Emil Fischer ( 1852 – 1919 ), German chemist, 1902 Nobel prizewiner, and inventor of the Fischer projection

Visualizing a Fischer projection.

Fischer projection of D-Glyceraldehyde

A Fischer projection is used to differentiate between L-and D-molecules.

On a Fischer projection, the penultimate carbon of D sugars are depicted with hydrogen on the left and hydroxide on the right.

In a Fischer projection, all horizontal bonds project toward the viewer, while vertical bonds project away from the viewer.

Therefore, a Fischer projection cannot be rotated by 90 ° or 270 ° in the plane of the page or the screen, as the orientation of bonds relative to one another can change, converting a molecule to its enantiomer.

The chemist Emil Fischer is said to have devised the following mnemonic device for remembering the order given above, which corresponds to the configurations about the chiral centers when ordered as 3-bit binary strings:

* 1975 – Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title of World Champion by default.

Harvey Jay Fischer tested Dianetics therapy against three claims made by proponents and found it does not effect any significant changes in intellectual functioning, mathematical ability, or the degree of personality conflicts ; Jack Fox tested Hubbard's thesis regarding recall of engrams, with the assistance of the Dianetic Research Foundation, and could not substantiate it.

Ricardo's idea was even expanded to the case of continuum of goods by Dornbusch, Fischer, and Samuelson This formulation is employed for example by Matsuyama and others.

Before age 13 she had broken into the top 100 players in the world and the British Chess Magazine declared, " Judit Polgár's recent results make the performances of Fischer and Kasparov at a similar age pale by comparison.

Each stereoisomer of a simple open-chain monosaccharide can be identified by the positions ( right or left ) in the Fischer diagram of the chiral hydroxyls ( the hydroxyls attached to the chiral carbons ).

The wall map was lost for a long time, but a copy was found in Schloss Wolfegg in southern Germany by Joseph Fischer in 1901.

The asymptotic running-time computational complexity of this decision problem is doubly exponential, however, as shown by Fischer and Rabin ( 1974 ).

)</ ref >< ref name = Lackner2012 > Such carbon neutral and negative fuels can be produced by the electrolysis of water to make hydrogen used in the Sabatier reaction to produce methane which may then be stored to be burned later in power plants as synthetic natural gas, transported by pipeline, truck, or tanker ship, or be used in gas to liquids processes such as the Fischer – Tropsch process to make traditional transportation or heating fuels .< ref name = Pearson2012 > ( Review.

Hofmeister was followed a few hours later by Emil Fischer, who had amassed a wealth of chemical details supporting the peptide-bond model.

Washington also had a solid defense led by linebacker Chris Hanburger ( four interceptions, 98 return yards, one touchdown ), and cornerbacks Pat Fischer ( four interceptions, 61 return yards ) and Mike Bass ( three interceptions, 53 return yards )

Twilley fooled Pat Fischer by faking a route to the inside, then broke to the outside and caught the ball at the five-yard line, dragging Fischer into the end zone.

Wrocław is now a unique European city of mixed heritage, with architecture influenced by Bohemian, Austrian and Prussian traditions, such as Silesian Gothic and its Baroque style of court builders of Habsburg Austria ( Fischer von Erlach ).

* xyWrite resources by Diane Fischer ( concentrating on XyWrite III )

* Metropolitan Opera, New York: 12 November 1886, conducted by Anton Seidl, with Therese Herbert-Förster ( the wife of Victor Herbert ) in the title role, Carl Zobel as Radamès, Marianne Brandt as Amneris, Adolf Robinson as Amonasro, Emil Fischer as Ramfis, and Georg Sieglitz as the King.

In July and August 1882 sixteen performances of the work were given in Bayreuth conducted by Levi and Franz Fischer.

The song was copyrighted by an American publisher, Carl Fischer Music, in 1941 as an original composition.

Historian David Hackett Fischer, in his study The Great Wave, questioned the implicit basis of monetarism by examining long periods of secular inflation that stretched over decades.

One particularly notable development, which has gained quite wide acceptance in chess, was proposed by former world champion Bobby Fischer, who in 1988 filed for ( awarded in 1989 ) for a new type of digital chess clock.

There are five main types of Time Controls: ( 1 ) Fischer ( invented by Bobby Fischer ), ( 2 ) Bronstein ( invented by David Bronstein ), ( 3 ) Simple Delay, ( 4 ) Game Word and ( 5 ) Hour Glass.

* 1852 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1919 )

* Chemistry – Hermann Emil Fischer

* July 15 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1852 )

* October 9 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1919 )

In 1901, Hermann Emil Fischer isolated proline from casein and the decomposition products of γ-phthalimido-propylmalonic ester.

His other notable university teachers were Christian Philipp Karl Snell ( 1806 – 1886 ) ( subjects: use of infinitesimal analysis in geometry analytical geometry of planes, analytical mechanics, optics, physical foundations of mechanics ); Hermann Karl Julius Traugott Schaeffer ( 1824 – 1900 ) ( analytical geometry, applied physics, algebraic analysis, on the telegraph and other electronic machines ); and the famous philosopher Kuno Fischer ( 1824 – 1907 ) ( Kantian and critical philosophy ).

* 1907 — Hermann Emil Fischer artificially synthesized peptide amino acid chains and thereby shows that amino acids in proteins are connected by amino group-acid group bonds.

During the trip his NAG-Convertible was passed by a Mercedes-Touring car with Ernst Werner Techow behind the wheel and Erwin Kern and Hermann Fischer on the backseats.

* Hermann Emil Fischer ( 1852 – 1919 ), founder of modern biochemistry, Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1902

* 1902 Hermann Emil Fischer ( Chemistry )

* Hermann Emil Fischer and Joseph von Mering discover that barbitone ( barbital or Veronal ) is an effective hypnotic agent.

He toured the major universities and laboratories there and met many of the leading chemists, including Theodor Curtius, Kazimierz Fajans, Hans Fischer, Arthur Hantzsch, Hans Meerwein, Jakob Meisenheimer, Hermann Staudinger, Adolf Windaus and Karl Ziegler.

The actual murderers of Rathenau, the engineer Hermann Fischer and Naval Lieutenant ( retired ) Erwin Kern, had escaped arrest and condemnation by suicide.

Around the same time, Hermann Leuchs reported the synthesis of N-carboxyanhydrides and their high molecular weight products upon reaction with nucleophiles, but stopped short of referring to these as polymers, possibly due to the strong views espoused by Emil Fischer, his direct supervisor, denying the possibility of any covalent molecule exceeding 6, 000 daltons.

* Hermann Emil Fischer ( 1851 – 1919 ), Nobel Prize 1902

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