This project, carried by the French Ministry of Defence, involves an investment of 2 billion euros.

The French Ministry of Defence considered Clipperton as a possible replacement location ; however, due to the island's hostile climate and remote location, this was eventually ruled out.

* History of France by French Ministry of Foreign Affairs

After negotiations, the pact was signed in Paris at the French Foreign Ministry by the representatives from Australia, Belgium, Canada, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, British India, the Irish Free State, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Poland, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States.

In 1983, French President François Mitterrand proposed, as one of the Grands Projets of François Mitterrand the Grand Louvre plan to renovate the building and relocate the Finance Ministry, allowing displays throughout the building.

The Louvre employs a staff of 2, 000 led by Director Henri Loyrette, who reports to the French Ministry of Culture and Communications.

One FM station, which shifts between French, English, and Armenian, and the sole AM radio station, which broadcasts solely in Arabic, are owned by the state-owned Radio Lebanon, which is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Information.

* Luxemborug ’ s Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Greece ( in French only )

* Lascaux Cave Official Lascaux Web site, from the French Ministry of Culture

The Ministry of Interior controls a system of regional governors and prefects modeled on the French system of local administration.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

A prefect is appointed by the president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior.

* La Gendarmerie Nationale-Local unit of the French Ministry of Defence

Like any sport Federations in France, the French and International Federation of Savate are under the control of France Ministry of Sport and Youth.

" L ' électron libre ", a gorgeously-ornamented building ( in a raving psychedelic style ) located in the core of the city ( 59 rue de Rivoli ), and owned by a French Bank, was in 2001 the third most visited place for contemporary art ( 40, 000 visitors a year, according to the French Ministry for Culture ).

However, some French sources, notably the Ministry of Culture, use the word " levrette " to describe Misse and Turlu.

** The Organisation armée secrète ( OAS ) bombs the French Foreign Ministry.

A ministerial circular of the Ministry of the Interior on August 8, 1921, decreed that only the fourth verse of the text by Charles Rogier should be considered official, both in French and in Dutch.

Elected as President of the Republic, he refused to discuss the existence of French military bases in Africa, despite requests by the Ministry of Defence and the Quai d ' Orsay ( Ministry of Foreign Affairs ).

The Abbey has been listed since 1926 as a Historical monument by the French Ministry of Culture.

He was also vital in the development of two important systems in the French Defence, the Winawer Variation ( in some places called the Nimzowitsch Variation ; its moves are 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 ) and the Advance Variation ( 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 ).

* The 2011 Bastille Day Military Parade, video broadcast by the French Minstry of Defence

The next three British ships, Vanguard in the lead followed by HMS Minotaur and HMS Defence, remained in line of battle formation and anchored on the starboard side of the French line at 18: 40.

The fifth French ship, Peuple Souverain, was attacked from either side by Defence and Orion and rapidly lost the fore and main masts.

Category: French Ministers of Defence

General de Gaulle was elected president in 1958 and made the French Force de Frappe, the nuclear power, a priority of the French Defence.

Yet this did not end the war, as the Third Republic was declared in Paris on 4 September 1870, and French resistance continued under the Government of National Defence and later Adolphe Thiers.

Defence of Metz by the French Army.

After a strong protest by a young French lieutenant in the Ministry of Defence newspaper ( Armées d ' aujourd ' hui ), this driving license and rank project was cancelled.

Early critics of the Analyse du jeu des Échecs include those of the Modenese School ( Ercole del Rio, Lolli or Ponziani ), who in contrast to the French, advocated a free piece play, gambit openings and tactical complications ; they also found some of the variations reported in the Analyse to be unsound ( in particular those related with f7 – f5 push in the Philidor Defence 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 f5 ?!).

The French Defence Minister sent a battalion to secure the ceremony ; he also lent 17 aircraft to the new Central African Empire's government, and even assigned French Navy personnel to support the orchestra.

Other Petrosian variations can be found in the Grünfeld Defence after 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. Bg5, and the French Defence after 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 Qd7.

French intervention in Italy had created an invasion scare and Palmerston established a Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom which reported in 1860.

He is noted for his uncompromising style of play and for his classical opening repertoire, including openings such as the Queen's Gambit, Ruy Lopez, French Defence and the Two Knights Defence, for example.

Stunts such as withdrawing the Irish Army's band from playing at diplomatic functions which the Governor-General attended, or in one notorious case the sight of O ' Kelly and Defence Minister Frank Aiken storming out of a diplomatic function at the French Legation when McNeill, the guest of honour, had arrived, damaged O ' Kelly's reputation and image, particularly when the campaign backfired.

Thomas Jefferson had tried to bring a French mechanic ( almost certainly Blanc ) and his methods to America in 1785, but the project never went anywhere.

" Signal guns were fired to bring in the foraging parties and picquets as the French and Bavarian troops tried to draw into battle-order to face the unexpected threat.

Nevertheless, the exhausted French were unable to follow up their advantage, and the two cavalry forces tried to regroup and reorder their ranks.

Now, far too late, Villeroi tried to redeploy his 50 unused squadrons, but a desperate attempt to form line facing south, stretching from Offus to Mont St André, floundered amongst the baggage and tents of the French camp carelessly left there after the initial deployment.

After realising the captain of the taken vessel was an Englishman, Kidd tried to persuade his crew to return the ship to its owners, but they refused, claiming that their prey was perfectly legal as Kidd was commissioned to take French ships, and that an Armenian ship counted as French if it had French passes.

The Turks, having seized the summit of the mountain, and the French ( both soldiers and pilgrims ) having been taken by surprise, there was little hope of escape: those who tried were caught and killed, and many men, horses and baggage were cast into the canyon below the ridge.

The French Navy tried to stop the protest in several ways, including assaulting David McTaggart.

When the French tried to impose the French language, German opposition grew in intensity.

When Prussia tried to put a Hohenzollern candidate, Prince Leopold, on the Spanish throne, the French angrily protested.

The Spanish Army tried to fight the French invasion in the traditional " set-piece " style of warfare.

A strong friend of the French Revolution, Monroe tried to assure France that Washington's policy of strict neutrality did not favor Britain.

Ribbentrop also tried unsuccessfully to arrange for the Vichy French troops in North Africa to be formally placed under German command.

In 1720 the Villasur expedition from Santa Fe tried to reach the French on the Mississippi but was defeated by the Pawnee in eastern Nebraska.

While Prince Louis II's sympathies were strongly pro-French, he tried to keep Monaco neutral during World War II but supported the Vichy French government of his old army colleague, Marshall Philippe Pétain.

* 1794 – Branded a traitor during the Reign of Terror by revolutionists, French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, who was also a tax collector with the Ferme Générale, is tried, convicted, and guillotined all on the same day in Paris.

The French art scene was in a process of change, as radical artists such as Courbet and Manet tried to break away from accepted Academic tradition and the Impressionists were in their formative years.

He was excited by the French Revolution, and in 1789 – 1790 he tried to incorporate these revolutionary ideals into the Knights ' Room at Christiansborg Palace.

The remainder of the war featured a siege of Paris, the city was ” ineffectually bombarded ”; the new French republican regime then tried, without success, to relieve Paris with various hastily assembled armies and increasingly bitter partisan warfare.

To prevent the Austro-Hungarian problems of different nationalities within one state, the government tried to Germanize the state's national minorities, situated mainly in the borders of the empire, such as the Danes in the North of Germany, the French of Alsace-Lorraine and the Poles in the East of Germany.

According to the terms of the treaty, the U. S. was to pay the stockholders of the French company that had tried to build the canal across Panama the sum of $ 40, 000, 000.

A plea of autrefois convict ( Law French for " previously convicted ") is one in which the defendant claims to have been previously convicted of the same offence and that he or she therefore cannot be tried for it again.

A plea of autrefois acquit ( Law French for " previously acquitted ") means the defendant claims to have been previously acquitted of the same offence, on substantially the same evidence, and that he or she therefore cannot be tried for it again.