* 1949 – The retreat of the Democratic Army of Greece in Albania after its defeat on Gramos mountain marks the end of the Greek Civil War.

Stalin had respected his agreement with Winston Churchill to not intervene, but Yugoslavia and Albania defied the USSR's advice and sent supplies during the Greek Civil War to the partisan forces of the Communist Party of Greece, the ELAS ( National Popular Liberation Army ).

By mid-1947, as East-West tensions over economic recovery in Germany and the Greek Civil War escalated, Eisenhower gave up his hopes for cooperation with the Soviets and agreed with a containment policy to stop Soviet expansion.

* 1944 – Greek Civil War: Fighting breaks out in Athens between the ELAS and government forces supported by the British Army.

The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in the Sri Lankan Civil War, the Afghan Mujahideen in the Soviet war in Afghanistan, George Grivas and Nikos Sampson's Greek guerrilla group EOKA in Cyprus, Aris Velouchiotis and Stefanos Sarafis and the EAM against the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II, Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck and the German Schutztruppe in World War I, Josip Broz Tito and the Yugoslav Partisans in World War II, and the antifrancoist guerrilla in Spain during the Franco dictatorship, the Kosovo Liberation Army in the Kosovo War, and the Irish Republican Army led by Michael Collins during the Irish War of Independence.

In Greece, Britain and the United States supported the anti-communists in the Greek Civil War and suspected the Soviets of supporting the Greek communists, although Stalin refrained from getting involved in Greece, dismissing the movement as premature.

In addition, Tito was openly supportive of the Communist side in the Greek Civil War, while Stalin kept his distance, having agreed with Churchill not to pursue Soviet interests there, although he did support the Greek communist struggle politically, as demonstrated in several assemblies of the UN Security Council.

During the Greek Civil War ( 1944 – 1949 ), many Macedonians ( regardless of ethnicity ) participated in the ELAS resistance movement organized by the Greek Communist Party.

* 1944 – Greek Civil War: The Political Committee of National Liberation is established in Greece by the National Liberation Front.

Napalm B was also used during the Greek Civil War between the Greek Army and Communist rebels.

During the last year of this Civil War, 1949, the United States increased its military aid to the Greek Government by introducing a new weapon to finish off the war: napalm B.

* 1949 – Nikolaos Zachariadis, leader of the Communist Party of Greece, announces a " temporary cease-fire ", effectively ending the Greek Civil War.

In 1946, he faced his old rival Edvin Wide in Stockholm in a benefit for the victims of the Greek Civil War.

* Beginning of Greek Civil War, which extends from 1946 to 1949.

* August 31 – The retreat of the Greek Democratic Army in Albania after its defeat at Mount Grammos marks the end of the Greek Civil War.

* December 3 – Communist demonstrations in Athens presage the Greek Civil War.

After World War II and the Greek Civil War, the island was rebuilt under the general programme of reconstruction of the Greek Government ( Ανοικοδόμησις ) and many elements of its classical architecture remain.

The strength in the Dow occurred despite a brief recession in 1949 and other global conflicts which started a short time later including the latter stages of the Chinese Civil War, the Greek Civil War, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 and the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

In Greek mythology, Achilles (, Akhilleus, ) was a Greek hero of the Trojan War, the central character and the greatest warrior of Homer's Iliad.

Apollo shot arrows infected with the plague into the Greek encampment during the Trojan War in retribution for Agamemnon's insult to Chryses, a priest of Apollo whose daughter Chryseis had been captured.

During World War I, the Armenian Genocide, the Greek genocide ( especially in Pontus ), and the Assyrian Genocide almost entirely removed the ancient communities of Armenian and Assyrian populations in Anatolia, as well as a large part of its ethnic Greek population.

* 1178 BC – The calculated date of the Greek king Odysseus ' return home from the Trojan War.

* 1940 – An Italian submarine torpedoes and sinks the Greek cruiser Elli at Tinos harbor during peacetime, marking the most serious Italian provocation prior to the outbreak of the Greco-Italian War in October.

When Helen, the wife of Menelaus, was abducted by Paris of Troy, Agamemnon commanded the united Greek armed forces in the ensuing Trojan War.

* 1941 – World War II: The Greek government and King George II evacuate Athens before the invading Wehrmacht.

* 1824 – Greek War of Independence: Constantine Kanaris leads a Greek fleet to victory against Ottoman and Egyptian ships in the Battle of Samos.

Ahhiya ( wa ) has been identified with the Achaeans of the Trojan War and the city of Wilusa with the legendary city of Troy ( note the similarity with early Greek Wilion, later Ilion, the name of the acropolis of Troy ).

Later Greek myths also say that Helen had spent the time of the Trojan War in Egypt, and not at Troy, and that after Troy the Greeks went there to recover her.

His value as a war god is even placed in doubt: during the Trojan War, Ares was on the losing side, while Athena, often depicted in Greek art as holding Nike ( Victory ) in her hand, favored the triumphant Greeks.

Following the Greek War of Independence, most post-Byzantine features were cleared from the site as part of a Hellenizing project that swept the new nation-state.

* 1944 – World War II: 270 inhabitants of the Greek town of Kleisoura are executed by the Germans.

* 1834 – The generals in the Greek War of Independence stand trial for treason.

Resumed Ottomans rule in Aegina and the Morea was confirmed in the Treaty of Passarowitz, and they retained control of the island with the exception of a short-lived Russian occupation, until the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821.

During the Greco-Turkish War ( 1919-1922 ) campaign ( part of the Turkish War of Independence ) Afyon and the surrounding hills were occupied by French, Italian and then Greek forces.

When the Greek fleet was preparing at Aulis to depart for Troy to begin the Trojan War, Artemis becalmed the winds.

In 72 BC, his troops occupied the Greek coastal cities of Scythia Minor ( modern Dobruja region, Romania / Bulgaria ), which had sided with Rome's Hellenistic arch-enemy, king Mithridates VI of Pontus, in the Third Mithridatic War ( 73-63 BC ).

In the second year of the Peloponnesian War ( 430 BC ), Thucydides described an epidemic disease which was said to have begun in Ethiopia, passed through Egypt and Libya, then come to the Greek world.

According to the E. J. Erickson the Greek Navy also played a crucial, albeit indirect role, in the Thracian campaign by neutralizing no less than three Thracian Corps ( see First Balkan War, the Bulgarian theater of operations ), a significant portion of the Ottoman Army there, in the all-important opening round of the war.

The inguinal nodes are most frequently affected (" boubon " is Greek for " groin.

This procedure, called a rhizotomy (" rhizo " meaning root and " tomy " meaning " a cutting of " from the Greek suffix ' tomia '), reduces spasms and allows more flexibility and control of the affected limbs and joints.

During the 1970s Crete became a major tourist destination for Greek and international tourists, something that gave a significant boost to the city's economy and affected the everyday life and the overall culture of the locals.

This was the first stage of the recovery process and Head and Rivers dubbed it the " protopathic ", taking its origins from the Middle Greek word protopathes, meaning " first affected ".

Tolkien himself admitted to being heavily affected by Norse / Germanic, Finnish, Greek and Roman myths.

In Roman mythology, Evander ( from Greek Εὔανδρος Euandros, " good man " or " strong man ": a spelling and etymology affected by poets to emphasize the hero's virtue ), also spelled Euander, was a deific culture hero from Arcadia, Greece, who brought the Greek pantheon, laws and alphabet to Italy, where he founded the city of Pallantium on the future site of Rome, sixty years before the Trojan War.

In music, French influence began to weaken, and instead, a wide variety of influences, such as British popular music ( in particular The Beatles ), Greek music, and modern Russian culture, have affected Israeli culture.

Dietary habits were affected by the influence of Greek culture, the political changes from kingdom to republic to empire, and empire's enormous expansion, which exposed Romans to many new, provincial culinary habits and cooking techniques.

Both his parents were natives of Smyrna ( modern-day İzmir ), and he was greatly affected by his Greek ancestry.

KJV-only inerrantist Jack Moorman says that at least 356 doctrinal passages are affected by the differences between the Textus Receptus and the Nestle-Aland Greek Text.

The recovery before 1150 of the Taurus fortresses by Thoros had not seriously affected Greek power, but his conquest of Mamistra in 1151 and the rest of Cilicia in 1152 had necessitated a great expedition.

As in all of Greece, the area was affected by World War II, and later the Greek Civil War.

Starting in the areas least affected by the disruption of the fall of the western empire, a unified theory of medicine began to develop, based largely on the writings of the Greek physicians on physiology, hygiene, dietetics, pathology, and pharmacology, and is credited with the discovery of how the spinal cord controls various muscles.

In this situation, Modern Hebrew is affected intensively by many foreign languages-through the years Modern Israeli Hebrew has borrowed many words from Aramaic, Yiddish, Ladino, Arabic ( mainly spoken Judeo-Arabic and various Levantine Arabic dialects ), German, Latin, Greek, Polish, Russian, English and other languages.

A circle of activists, primarily Greek Catholic seminarians, affected by the romantic movement in Europe and the example of fellow Slavs elsewhere, especially in eastern Ukraine under the Russians, began to turn their attention to the common folk and their language.

Case in point, areas of southern Syria that were affected by Greek culture mostly entailed Seleucid urban centers where Greek was commonly spoken.

As against this, many ( e. g. Yeshayahu Leibowitz ) argue that Caro and the others were operating within the rigorous rules of halachic reasoning and that their conclusions were in no way affected or invalidated by their personal theological views ( just as, from the opposite perspective, Maimonides ' status as a halachic authority is not affected by his acceptance of Greek philosophy ).

In addition, the language was also affected by the Greek language.

While the transition from city-state to empire affected philosophy a great deal, shifting the emphasis from political theory to personal ethics, Greek letters continued to flourish both under the Successors ( especially the Ptolemies ) and under Roman rule.

Historians have debated about just what kind of " peltasts " were affected by his reforms ; one of the most popular positions is that he improved the performance of the Greek skirmishers so that they would be able to engage in prolonged hand-to-hand fighting as part of the main battle line, while another strong opinion posits that he worked his changes upon the mercenary hoplites that were an important factor in late 5th-and early 4th-century B. C.

Historians have debated about just what kind of " peltasts " were affected by his reforms ; one of the most popular positions is that he improved the performance of the Greek skirmishers so that they would be able to engage in prolonged hand-to-hand fighting as part of the main battle line, while another strong opinion posits that he worked his changes upon the mercenary hoplites that were an important factor in late 5th-and early 4th-century B. C.