The Turkish language and the Islamic religion were gradually introduced as a result of the Seljuk conquest, and this period marks the start of Anatolia's slow transition from predominantly Christian and Indo-European and Semitic-speaking, to predominantly Muslim and Turkish-speaking ( Although some ethnic groups such as Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians and Georgians retained Christianity and their native languages ).

Additionally, Hercules recalled the classical age of the Greeks and the Romans, a period which the revolutionaries identified with republican and democratic ideals.

This period saw great innovations in mathematics, science, architecture, and the like, and Greeks founded cities throughout the east, some of which grew to be the world's first major metropolises.

* 1973 – Greeks vote to abolish the monarchy, beginning the first period of the Metapolitefsi.

This language has been dubbed Minoan and corresponds to a period in Cretan history prior to a series of invasions by Mycenaean Greeks around 1450 BC.

At this period the area divided from the Jireček Line was populated from people of Thraco-Roman or Illyro-Roman origins, as well from Hellenized citizens of the Byzantine Empire and Byzantine Greeks.

One may say that Diophantus was studying rational points — i. e., points whose coordinates are rational — on curves and algebraic varieties ; however, unlike the Greeks of the Classical period, who did what we would now call basic algebra in geometrical terms, Diophantus did what we would now call basic algebraic geometry in purely algebraic terms.

During the Ottoman period the temple was known to the Greeks as the Palace of Hadrian, while the Turks called it the Palace of Belkis, from a Turkish legend that the temple had been the residence of Solomon's wife.

The ancient Greek view of the heavenly bodies on which their navigation was based was imported from Babylonia by the Ionian Greeks, who used it to become a seafaring nation of merchants and colonists during the Archaic period in Greece.

A second form of evidence comes from Greeks writing about India during the period of contact following the conquests of Alexander.

Remains of the royal palace built by Omri and Ahab during the Israelite period were discovered along with buildings constructed by the Babylonian, Greeks and Romans.

" Themistocles advised the king on his dealings with the Greeks, though it seems that for a long period, the king was distracted by events elsewhere in the empire, and thus Themistocles " lived on for a long time without concern ".

Other ethnic groups were similarly attacked by the Ottoman Empire during this period, including Assyrians and Greeks, and some scholars consider those events to be part of the same policy of extermination.

This century saw the beginning of a period of philosophical brilliance among Western civilizations, particularly the Greeks which would continue all the way through the 4th century until the time of Alexander the Great.

By the late Egyptian historical period, after the occupations by the Greeks and the Romans, Isis became the most important and most powerful deity of the Egyptian pantheon because of her magical skills.

During this period it was a centre of commerce ; however a power struggle between the Greeks and the Carthaginians broke out in the form of the Sicilian Wars, causing unrest.

According to an archaic myth he was sired by Cronus when he had taken the form of a horse and impregnated the nymph Philyra, Chiron's lineage was different from other centaurs, who were born of sun and raincloud, rendered by Greeks of the Classic period as from the union of the king Ixion, consigned to a fiery wheel, and Nephele (" cloud "), which in the Olympian telling Zeus invented to look like Hera.

However, it is clear that by the late pharaonic period, demotic scribes regularly employed a more phonetic orthography, a testament to the increasing cultural contact between Egyptians and Greeks even before Alexander the Great's conquest of Egypt.

During this period the Delphic Oracle was the most prestigious and authoritative oracle among the Greeks.

Additionally numerous other immigrant groups, including Greeks, Italians and Russian Jews came to the city during this period.

At that period, the Greek language was considered a lingua franca, i. e. the language spoken in the known world ( for the Greeks and Romans ) of that time and, as a result, modern linguistics struggles to overcome this.

At a much earlier period the Greeks had established on the coast the colonies of Cius ( modern Gemlik ); Chalcedon ( modern Kadıköy ), at the entrance of the Bosporus, nearly opposite Byzantium ( modern Istanbul ) and Heraclea Pontica ( modern Karadeniz Ereğli ), on the Euxine, about 120 miles ( 190 km ) east of the Bosporus.

When the Greeks landed on Delos while on their way to Troy, Anius prophesized that the Trojan War would not be won until the tenth year, and insisted that they stay with him for nine years, promising that his daughters would supply them with aliments during that period.

Although scholars today agree that the Mycenean Greeks descend from the " Minyans " of the Middle Helladic period, they question Caskey's suggestion that ( proto-Greek ) Indo-European invaders destroyed Early Helladic II settlements throughout Greece.

Ninus (), according to Greek historians writing in the Hellenistic period and later, was accepted as the eponymous founder of Nineveh ( also called Νίνου πόλις " city of Ninus " in Greek ), Ancient capital of Assyria, although he does not seem to represent any one personage known to modern history, and is more likely a conflation of several real and / or fictional figures of antiquity, as seen to the Greeks through the mists of time.

When Alexander was trying to show that he is divine so that the Greeks and Macedonians would perform proskynesis to him, Anaxarchus said that Alexander could " more justly be considered a god than Dionysus or Heracles " ( Arrian, 104 )

Electrum coins were not standardized in weight and are considered by opponents as badges, medals or ceremonial objects issued by priests, rather than coins ( actually the oldest of them have been discovered not in Lydia, but in an ancient Greek temple of Ephesos, a city colony built by the ancient Greeks in what is now Turkey ).

The relief demonstrates vividly that the Greeks considered Homer not merely a great poet but the divinely inspired reservoir of all literature.

Greeks in the late fifth and early 4th centuries BC considered their oldest poets to be Orpheus, Musaeus, Hesiod and Homer — in that order.

Circumcision in particular was considered repulsive by Greeks and Hellenists while circumcision advocates were labelled Judaisers, see Jewish background to the circumcision controversy for details.

Athena's beauty is rarely commented in in the myths, perhaps because Greeks held her up as an asexual being, being able to " overcome " her " womanly weaknesses " in order to become both wise and talented in war ( both considered male domains by the Greeks ).

After the end of the war, the ELAS fighters who took refuge in southern Yugoslavia and Bulgaria were not all permitted to return to Greece: only those who considered themselves Greeks were allowed, whereas those who considered themselves Bulgarians or Macedonians were barred.

The Decree of Diopithes made the introduction of and belief in foreign Gods a criminal offence and only Greeks were allowed to worship in Athenian temples and festivals as foreigners were considered impure.

Since this war was considered among the ancient Greeks as either the last event of the mythical age or the first event of the historical age, several dates are given for the fall of Troy.

The notion of vampirism has existed for millennia ; cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Hebrews, Ancient Greeks, and Romans had tales of demons and spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires.

Among the ancient Greeks, the arteries were considered to be " air holders " that were responsible for the transport of air to the tissues and were connected to the trachea.

It was the beginning of the religion which later the Greeks considered Hellenic, and embodies a paradox.

( The other four in the modern interpretation, different from the Greeks ' ideas, are: baryonic matter ; radiation – photons and the highly relativistic neutrinos, which may be considered hot dark matter ; cold dark matter ; and the term due to spatial curvature – loosely, gravitational self-energy.

Before the establishment of the League of Corinth, even though the Macedonians apparently spoke a dialect of the Greek language and claimed proudly that they were Greeks, they were not considered to fully share the classical Greek culture by many of the inhabitants of the southern city states, because they did not share the polis based style of government.

He was more impressed by Alexius ' son John II Comnenus ; he did not approve of John's attempts to bring the crusader Principality of Antioch under Byzantine control, but John's military expeditions against the Muslim states, the common enemy of both Greeks and Latins, were considered admirable.

The ancient Greeks considered wisdom to be an important virtue, personified as the goddesses Metis and Athena.

The ancient Greeks and Romans seemed to have considered butter a food fit more for the northern barbarians.

To some, including the Greeks, magic was considered a " proto-science.

Prudence was considered by the ancient Greeks and later on by Christian philosophers, most notably Thomas Aquinas, as the cause, measure and form of all virtues.

For both Greeks and Spanish-speakers, the 13th of the month is considered unlucky if it falls on Tuesday, instead of Friday.

While some cultures considered the knowledge of the dead to be unlimited, ancient Greeks and Romans believed that individual shades knew only certain things.

Tragedy is so far from being a proof of the pessimism ( in Schopenhauer's sense ) of the Greeks that it may, on the contrary, be considered a decisive rebuttal and counterexample.