* Hough transform

** Arbitrary shapes ( generalized Hough transform )

* Hough transform for detecting straight lines, circles or ellipses from edge points

The Hough transform () is a feature extraction technique used in image analysis, computer vision, and digital image processing.

This voting procedure is carried out in a parameter space, from which object candidates are obtained as local maxima in a so-called accumulator space that is explicitly constructed by the algorithm for computing the Hough transform.

The classical Hough transform was concerned with the identification of lines in the image, but later the Hough transform has been extended to identifying positions of arbitrary shapes, most commonly circles or ellipses.

The transform was popularized in the computer vision community by Dana H. Ballard through a 1981 journal article titled " Generalizing the Hough transform to detect arbitrary shapes ".

The purpose of the Hough transform is to address this problem by making it possible to perform groupings of edge points into object candidates by performing an explicit voting procedure over a set of parameterized image objects ( Shapiro and Stockman, 304 ).

The simplest case of Hough transform is the linear transform for detecting straight lines.

In the Hough transform, a main idea is to consider the characteristics of the straight line not as image points ( x < sub > 1 </ sub >, y < sub > 1 </ sub >), ( x < sub > 2 </ sub >, y < sub > 2 </ sub >), etc., but instead, in terms of its parameters, i. e., the slope parameter m and the intercept parameter b. Based on that fact, the straight line y = mx + b can be represented as a point ( b, m ) in the parameter space.

However, one faces the problem that vertical lines give rise to unbounded values of the parameters m and b. For computational reasons, it is therefore better to use a different pair of parameters, denoted and ( theta ), for the lines in the Hough transform.

This representation makes the Hough transform conceptually very close to the two-dimensional Radon transform.

* The Hough transform, when written in a continuous form, is very similar, if not equivalent, to the Radon transform.

`` It is a duty '', said Hough, `` not to let pass this opportunity of protesting against the methods of taking and printing testimony in Equity, current in this circuit ( and probably others ), excused if not justified by the rules of the Supreme Court, especially to be found in patent causes, and flagrantly exemplified in this litigation.

The fundamental difficulty of which the Selden case was `` a striking ( though not singular ) example '', concluded Hough, `` will remain as long as testimony is taken without any authoritative judicial officer present, and responsible for the maintenance of discipline, and the reception or exclusion of testimony ''.

J. N. Hough suggests that Plautus ’ s use of Greek is for artistic purposes and not simply because a Latin phrase will not fit the meter.

The University of Louisiana-Monroe owns a one-hundred acre outdoor classroom, located near Hough Bend, that is used primarily for tree identification.

* Hough's Neck is a northeastern peninsular community named for Atherton Hough, who was granted the land in 1636 for use as a farm and orchard.

Huntersville is served by Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, with students from Huntersville attending Hough High School ( which opened in the fall of 2010 ), Hopewell High School and North Mecklenburg High School.

'< p >" Over three centuries later, Walter Hough ( 1912 ) wrote: ' There is a great confusion as to the identity of copal, the name, according to some writers, being used to cover a number of gums.

Phillips is presently reported to be in a relationship with US show jumping rider Lauren Hough, at 35 some four months younger than his son.

When the coefficients are separated into their height and latitude components, the height dependence takes the form of propagating or evanescent waves ( depending on conditions ), while the latitude dependence is given by the Hough functions.

The ( r, θ ) plane is sometimes referred to as Hough space for the set of straight lines in two dimensions.

where s is the distance of L from the origin and is the angle the normal vector to L makes with the x axis ( see also Hough space ).

The first hoop skirt in the US is from 1846, patent number 4, 584 of David Hough, Jr.

Delayed onset muscle soreness was first described in 1902 by Theodore Hough, who concluded that this kind of soreness is " fundamentally the result of ruptures within the muscle ".

# If Hough transforms are used to detect lines and ellipses, then thinning could give much better results.

The western terminus of the early medieval linear earthwork Nico Ditch is in Hough Moss, just to the east of Stretford (); it was probably used as an administrative boundary and dates from the 8th or 9th century.

The Hough transform is used to enable band detection, which are difficult to locate by computer in the original EBSP.

Although the station is outside the metropolitan county of Merseyside, tickets issued by Merseytravel ( which usually can only be used within Merseyside ) are valid for travel to and from Hough Green.

) Ms. Hough asked Professor Wimsatt a question that still resonates today: " Is literature taught in complete isolation from its author, Mr. Wimsatt -- don't you consider the person who wrote it?

Streets in this subdivision that exist today are Mill Hill Road and Hough Street.

Charlie Hough was the starting pitcher for that game.

Elizabeth was among the cast of the sixth season of Dancing with the Stars, partnered with Derek Hough.

Franklin B. Hough was appointed the head of the office.

Richard Hough, in his 1980 biography of Mountbatten, indicates that Mountbatten was approached during the 1960s in connection with a scheme to install an " emergency government " in place of Wilson's administration.

On November 21, 2011, Jerry Seinfeld was the first of 59 men and women to join Ripa at the co-host desk, including: Reggie Bush, Kyle Maclachlan, Russell Brand, Howie Mandel, Carl Edwards, Chris Harrison, Daniel Radcliffe, Michael Buckley, Rob Lowe, Martin Short, Neil Patrick Harris, Peter Facinelli, Boomer Esiason, Ben Mulroney, Dan Abrams, Rob Thomas, David Duchovny, Pat Kiernan, Derek Hough, D. L.

The early 1970s saw the development of private semi-detached and detached housing estates, particularly in the Mottram Rise, Hough Hill, Hollins and Carrbrook areas ; the redevelopment of Castle Hall was also completed.

It was Lindzen, in his 1966 paper, On the theory of the diurnal tide ,< ref > who showed that the solution set of Hough functions given by Bernard Haurwitz to Laplace's tidal equation was incomplete: modes with negative equivalent depths had been omitted.

In 2007, Garth appeared on Season 5 of Dancing with the Stars and was paired with Derek Hough.

Hough states that " most seismologists " do not believe this quake was predicted " per se ".

She was partnered with three-time champion Derek Hough and cited Kirstie Alley's appearance as an inspiration to do the show.

* Olympian Lauren Hough ( Equestrian, 2000 ) was born in Goshen.

The brothers had invested in and promoted a new soap making process invented by chemist William Hough Watson, it was a huge success.

From 1909 the official name of Edison-Bell was J. E. Hough Ltd.

Stan Hough was named the Cats ' manager on Dec. 6, 2005, taking over for Wayne Terwilliger, who remained with the club as Hough's first base coach in 2006.

Hough also managed the team from 2006-2007, was 109-79, and lead the Cats to the American Association championship in each season.

He was also featured in a 1986 feature film called Biggles: Adventures in Time, directed by John Hough with Neil Dickson in the title role.

Friedenfelds was replaced on drums by Mark Hough ( aka Buster Stiggs ) from New Zealand band The Swingers before recording commenced on their international label release.