Over the next few years, Véron brought on Auber's Gustave III ( 1833, libretto by Scribe, later adapted for Verdi's Un ballo in maschera ), and Fromental Halévy's La Juive ( 1835, libretto also by Scribe ), and commissioned Meyerbeer's next opera Les Huguenots ( 1836, libretto by Scribe and Deschamps ), whose success was to prove the most enduring of all grand operas during the 19th century.

As the expulsion of the Huguenots had taken place more than a century earlier and there were extensive Huguenot diasporas in many countries, where they often intermarried with the population of the host country, the law potentially conferred French citizenship on numerous Britons, Germans, South Africans and others – though only a fraction actually took advantage of it.

An explanation of this may lie in the analysis of the massacre in terms of social anthropology by the religious historian Bruce Lincoln, who describes how the religious divide, which gave the Huguenots different patterns of dress, eating and pastimes, as well as the obvious differences of religion and ( very often ) class, had become a social schism or cleavage.

Over time, the spelling often changed to reflect native German pronunciation ( Sloothaak for the Dutch Sloothaag ); but some names, such as those of French Huguenots settling in Prussia, retained their spelling but with the pronunciation that would come naturally to a German reading the name: Marquard, pronounced marcar in French, ended up being pronounced Markuart much like the German Markwart from which it was originally derived.

The French Wars of Religion began with a massacre at Wassy on 1 March 1562, when dozens ( some sources say hundreds ) of Huguenots were killed, and about 200 were wounded.

A significant number of the French progenitors of the Afrikaner people were Huguenots, who first began to arrive between 1687 and 1691 in flight from the persecution that lasted for one hundred years after the Edict of Nantes was revoked.

The Huguenots soon began to intermarry with the English colonists.

In 1661 Louis XIV, who was particularly hostile to the Huguenots, assumed control of the French government and began to disregard some of the provisions of the Edict.

The massacre began on 23 August 1572 ( the eve of the feast of Bartholomew the Apostle ), two days after the attempted assassination of Admiral Gaspard de Coligny, the military and political leader of the Huguenots.

When Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685, the Church began a campaign to send the greatest orators in the country into the regions of France with the highest concentration of Huguenots to persuade them of the errors of Protestantism.

A massacre of Huguenots a few weeks later began open hostilities in the French Wars of Religion.

The following year, the French Huguenots arrived in the Western Cape and began to settle on farms in the area.

In February 1518 he returned to Geneva after being given safe conduct by the bishop of that city, and in October of the same year began a series of secret meetings with members of the republican faction in the city ( known as Huguenots ) for the purpose of overthrowing Savoy rule.

Despite Elizabeth's government constantly begging her to marry in the early years of her reign, it was now persuading Elizabeth not to marry the French prince for his mother, Catherine de ' Medici, was suspected of ordering the St Bartholomew's Day massacre of tens of thousands of French Protestant Huguenots in 1572.

The legislation made concessions to the Huguenots in order to avoid their rebellion ; it allowed them to worship publicly outside of towns and privately inside them.

From outside they gathered an army and in 1568, with the help of French Huguenots, they were able to invade from three sides.

Meanwhile, many of the Huguenots fleeing religious persecution in France, and their descendants, had also been living around the trading post and cultivating local fields.

* December 31 – In response to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, a group of Huguenots set sail from France and settle in the recently established Dutch colony at the Cape of Good Hope where, using their native skills, they establish the first South African vineyards.

The Huguenots are allowed religious freedom, but lose their political, territorial and military rights.

Quentin Skinner has argued that several critical modern innovations in contract theory are found in the writings from French Calvinists and Huguenots, whose work in turn was invoked by writers in the Low Countries who objected to their subjection to Spain and, later still, by Catholics in England.

Henry granted the Edict of Nantes on 13 April 1598, establishing Catholicism as an official state religion, but otherwise assuring the Huguenots the right to practice their religion.

It granted non-Catholics – Calvinist Huguenots, Lutherans, as well as Jews – civil and legal status in France, and gave them the right of openly practice their faiths.

The Reformation made the region around Montreux and Vevey an attractive haven for Huguenots from Italy, who brought their artisanal skills and set up workshops and businesses.

Many Huguenots found their way to Charleston.

Records from French Huguenots who settled along the Tar River in 1696 tell of meeting Tuscaroras with blond hair and blue eyes not long after their arrival.

Above all, Huguenots became known for their harsh criticisms of doctrine and worship in the Catholic Church from which they had broken away, in particular the sacramental rituals of the Church and what they viewed as an obsession with death and the dead.

Huguenots faced persecution from the outset of the Reformation ; but Francis I ( reigned 1515 – 1547 ) initially protected them from Parlementary measures designed for their extermination.

During this time, their opponents first dubbed the Protestants Huguenots ; but they called themselves reformés, or " Reformed.

As the Huguenots gained influence and displayed their faith more openly, Roman Catholic hostility to them grew, even though the French crown offered increasingly liberal political concessions and edicts of toleration.

Escalating the attack, he tried to forcibly convert the Huguenots by using armed dragonnades ( soldiers ) to occupy and loot their houses.

The Huguenots of Guanabara, as they are now known, produced a declaration of faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese.

The wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots, some of whom had vineyards in France, or were brandy distillers, and used their skills in their new home.

Upon their arrival in New Amsterdam, Huguenots were offered land directly across from Manhattan on Long Island for a permanent settlement and chose the harbor at the end of Newtown Creek, becoming the first Europeans to live in Brooklyn, NY, then known as Boschwick, today known as Bushwick.

Due to the Huguenots ' early ties with the leadership of the Dutch Revolt and their own participation, some of the Dutch patriciate are of part-Huguenot descent.

For over 150 years Huguenots were allowed to host their services in Lady Chapel in St. Patrick's Cathedral.

The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly a century.

Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg invited Huguenots to settle in his realms, and a number of their descendants rose to positions of prominence in Prussia.

The Edict of Châteaubriant ( 27 June 1551 ) called upon the civil and ecclesiastical courts to detect and punish all heretics and placed severe restrictions on Huguenots, including the loss of one-third of their property to informers, and confiscations.

Les Huguenots premiered at the Paris Opéra on 29 February 1836 ( conductor: François Antoine Habeneck ), and was an immediate success.

There was a general disdain for French cookery, even with the French Huguenots in South Carolina and French-Canadians.

With the Edict of Potsdam in 1685, Frederick William offered asylum to the French Huguenots.

The Boer nation is mainly descended from Dutch, German and French Huguenots, who migrated to South Africa during the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries.

* Camisard Rebellion, French Huguenots ( 1710 – 1715 )

Renewed Catholic reaction – headed by the powerful Francis, Duke of Guise – led to a massacre of Huguenots at Vassy in 1562, starting the first of the French Wars of Religion, during which English, German, and Spanish forces intervened on the side of rival Protestant and Catholic forces.

After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, Lausanne became ( along with Geneva ) a place of refuge for French Huguenots.

Because there were few Catholic priests in the French Antilles, many of the earliest French settlers were Huguenots who sought greater religious freedom than what they could experience in mainland France.

From September 1686 to early 1688, the French crown used Martinique as a threat and a dumping ground for mainland Huguenots who refused to reconvert to Catholicism.

* 1562 – 23 Huguenots are massacred by Catholics in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.

* 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne during the French Wars of Religion.

* 1555 – French Huguenots establish the France Antarctique colony in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Advocacy for republics appeared in the writings of the Huguenots during the French Wars of Religion.

Dutch republicanism also influenced on French Huguenots during the Wars of Religion.

As the colony increased in size, with the arrival of French Huguenots and German citizens, some of the colonists were set free to pursue commercial farming, leading to the dominance of agriculture in the economy.

* April 13 – Edict of Nantes: Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics ; this is considered the end of the French Wars of Religion.

* January 17 – Led by the Duke of Soubise, the Huguenots launch a second rebellion against king Louis XIII with a surprise naval assault on a French fleet being prepared in Blavet.

As a friend of Melanchthon he opposed the growing party of strict Lutherans ; but still he did everything in his power to reconcile the opposing parties, even trying to effect the recognition of the French Huguenots at the diet of Frankfurt in 1562, but without success.

Immigrants settled in the area, especially French Huguenots who poured in in 1688, after which the area became known as London's French quarter.

The French church in Soho Square was founded by Huguenots in the 17th century.