ACM's primary historical competitor has been the IEEE Computer Society, which is the largest subgroup of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

The database research area has several notable dedicated academic journals ( e. g., ACM Transactions on Database Systems-TODS, Data and Knowledge Engineering-DKE, and more ) and annual conferences ( e. g., ACM SIGMOD, ACM PODS, VLDB, IEEE ICDE, and more ), as well as an active and quite heterogeneous ( subject-wise ) research community all over the world.

The IEEE claims to produce 30 % of the world's literature in electrical engineering, has over 360, 000 members worldwide and holds over 3, 000 conferences annually.

The widespread ( now almost universal ) adoption of the IEEE 754 standard for binary floating-point arithmetic has essentially removed this problem.

For example, a fixed-point representation that has seven decimal digits with two decimal places can represent the numbers 12345. 67, 123. 45, 1. 23 and so on, whereas a floating-point representation ( such as the IEEE 754 decimal32 format ) with seven decimal digits could in addition represent 1. 234567, 123456. 7, 0. 00001234567, 1234567000000000, and so on.

The IEEE has standardized the computer representation for binary floating-point numbers in IEEE 754 ( aka.

As of December 2011, the IEEE 802. 15. 6 task group has approved a draft of a standard for Body Area Network ( BAN ) technologies.

As of December 2011, The IEEE 802. 15. 7 Visible Light Communication Task Group has completed draft 5c of a PHY and MAC standard for Visible Light Communications ( VLC ).

The base version of the standard IEEE 802. 11-2012 has had subsequent amendments.

Vic Hayes, who held the chair of IEEE 802. 11 for 10 years and has been called the " father of Wi-Fi " was involved in designing the initial 802. 11b and 802. 11a standards within the IEEE.

IEEE 802. 2 was conceptually derived from HDLC, and has the same three types of PDUs:

Another report on the origins and history of LCD from a different perspective until 1991 has been published by Hiroshi Kawamoto, available at the IEEE History Center.

The IEEE Standards Board has confirmed that mega-means, with exceptions allowed for the base-two meaning.

In 2004 the IEEE Computer Society produced the SWEBOK, which has been published as ISO / IEC Technical Report 19759: 2004, describing the body of knowledge that they believe should be mastered by a graduate software engineer with four years of experience.

He has also served as the chair of the IEEE Computer Society's Professional Practices Committee.

The IEEE Glossary defines interoperability as: the ability of two or more systems or components to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged.

Phase noise can be measured and expressed as single sideband or double sideband values, but as noted earlier, the IEEE has adopted the definition as one-half of the double sideband PSD.

The higher-speed wireless LAN standard, IEEE 802. 11g-2003 has eight data rates: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 54 Mbit / s.

IEEE has developed the hierarchical terminology that is useful in describing this process.

He has served on several ACM and IEEE committees, and has also been editor of several refereed journals.

ARP has been implemented in many combinations of network and overlaying internetwork technologies, such as IPv4, Chaosnet, DECnet and Xerox PARC Universal Packet ( PUP ) using IEEE 802 standards, FDDI, X. 25, Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transfer Mode ( ATM ), IPv4 over IEEE 802. 3 and IEEE 802. 11 being the most common cases.

Because the DIX proposal was most technically complete and because of the speedy action taken by ECMA which decisively contributed to the conciliation of opinions within IEEE, the IEEE 802. 3 CSMA / CD standard was approved in December 1982.

Approval of Ethernet on the international level was achieved by a similar, cross-partisan action with Fromm as liaison officer working to integrate International Electrotechnical Commission, TC83 and International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) TC97SC6, and the ISO / IEEE 802 / 3 standard was approved in 1984.

IEEE 802. 15. 4b was approved in June 2006 and was published in September 2006 as IEEE 802. 15. 4-2006.

IEEE 802. 15. 4c was approved in 2008 and was published in January 2009.

In June 2006, the VHDL Technical Committee of Accellera ( delegated by IEEE to work on the next update of the standard ) approved so called Draft 3. 0 of VHDL-2006.

All are or were standards under IEEE 802. 3 ( approved 1995 ).

* IEEE 802. 11e is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802. 11 standard that defines a set of quality-of-service enhancements for wireless LAN applications through modifications to the Media Access Control ( MAC ) layer.

This request was approved by the IEEE Standards Board and the P1014 Working Group was established.

The IEEE Std 1596-1992, IEEE Standard for Scalable Coherent Interface ( SCI ) was approved by the IEEE standards board on March 19, 1992.

In 2012 the IEEE completed and approved the standardization of the use of IS-IS to control Ethernet forwarding with IEEE 802. 1aq Shortest Path Bridging ( SPB ).

The IEEE 1901 includes HomePlug AV as a baseline technology, so any IEEE 1901 products are fully interoperable with HomePlug AV, HomePlug Green PHY or the forthcoming HomePlug AV2 specification ( under development now and expected to be approved in Q1 2011 ).

In July 2009, the working group approved its " IEEE 1901 Draft Standard for Broadband over Power Line Networks: Medium Access Control and Physical Layer Specifications " as an IEEE draft standard for broadband over power lines defining medium access control and physical layer specifications.

The IEEE 1901 Draft Standard was published by the IEEE in January 2010, the final standard approved on 30 September 2010 and published on 1 February 2011.

IEEE 802. 11e-2005 or 802. 11e is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802. 11 standard that defines a set of Quality of Service enhancements for wireless LAN applications through modifications to the Media Access Control ( MAC ) layer.

IEEE 802. 15. 3a was an attempt to provide a higher speed UWB PHY enhancement amendment to IEEE 802. 15. 3 for applications which involve imaging and multimedia.

IEEE 802. 15. 3b-2005 amendment was released on May 5, 2006.

IEEE 802. 15. 4a ( formally called IEEE 802. 15. 4a-2007 ) is an amendment to IEEE 802. 15. 4 specifying additional physical layers ( PHYs ) to the original standard.

The IEEE 802. 15 Task Group 4d was chartered to define an amendment to the existing standard 802. 15. 4-2006.

The IEEE 802. 15 Task Group 4e is chartered to define a MAC amendment to the existing standard 802. 15. 4-2006.

IEEE 802. 15. 4g Smart Utility Networks ( SUN ) Task Group is chartered to create a PHY amendment to 802. 15. 4 to provide a global standard that facilitates very large scale process control applications such as the utility smart-grid network capable of supporting large, geographically diverse networks with minimal infrastructure, with potentially millions of fixed endpoints.

The amendment has been incorporated into the published IEEE 802. 11-2007 standard.

The IEEE 802. 11e amendment to the standard enhances the DCF and the PCF, through a new coordination function called Hybrid Coordination Function ( HCF ).

Additional supporting standards included IEEE 802. 20. 2-2010, a protocol conformance statement, 802. 20. 3-2010, minimum performance characteristics, an amendment 802. 20a-2010 for a Management Information Base and some corrections, and amendment 802. 20b-2010 to support bridging.

Beyond these three bands, the IEEE 802. 15. 4c study group is considering the newly opened 314-316 MHz, 430-434 MHz, and 779-787 MHz bands in China, while the IEEE 802. 15 Task Group 4d is defining an amendment to the existing standard 802. 15. 4-2006 to support the new 950 MHz-956 MHz band in Japan.

IEEE 802. 11i-2004 or 802. 11i, implemented as WPA2, is an amendment to the original IEEE 802. 11.

The amendment was later incorporated into the published IEEE 802. 11-2007 standard.

Counter Cipher Mode with Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol or CCMP ( CCM mode Protocol ) is an encryption protocol designed for Wireless LAN products that implement the standards of the IEEE 802. 11i amendment to the original IEEE 802. 11 standard.