Well-known communications protocols are Ethernet, a hardware and Link Layer standard that is ubiquitous in local area networks, and the Internet Protocol Suite, which defines a set of protocols for internetworking, i. e. for data communication between multiple networks, as well as host-to-host data transfer, and application-specific data transmission formats.

The Internet Message Access Protocol ( commonly known as IMAP ) is an Application Layer Internet protocol that allows an e-mail client to access e-mail on a remote mail server.

Internetworking is facilitated by the protocols of its Internet Layer.

IPv4 is still the most widely deployed Internet Layer protocol.

IP is the primary protocol in the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite and has the task of delivering datagrams from the source host to the destination host solely based on the addresses.

The dominant internetworking protocol in the Internet Layer in use today is IPv4 ; the number 4 is the protocol version number carried in every IP datagram.

It underpins such Internet standards as Transport Layer Security ( TLS ), PGP, and GPG.

The most widely used is the Transport Layer Security ( TLS, previously called SSL ) feature built into most current Internet browsers.

In cryptography, RC4 ( also known as ARC4 or ARCFOUR meaning Alleged RC4, see below ) is the most widely used software stream cipher and is used in popular protocols such as Secure Sockets Layer ( SSL ) ( to protect Internet traffic ) and WEP ( to secure wireless networks ).

* Secure Sockets Layer, a protocol for encrypting information over the Internet

For example, when an HTML file is sent from a Web server, the TCP software layer of that server divides the sequence of octets of the file into segments and forwards them individually to the IP software layer ( Internet Layer ).

As has happened with other early Internet protocols, extensions to the Telnet protocol provide Transport Layer Security ( TLS ) security and Simple Authentication and Security Layer ( SASL ) authentication that address the above issues.

IS-IS was later extended to support routing of < em > datagrams </ em > in the Internet Protocol ( IP ), the Network Layer protocol of the global Internet.

Multicast addressing can be used in the Link Layer ( Layer 2 in the OSI model ), such as Ethernet multicast, and at the Internet Layer ( Layer 3 for OSI ) for Internet Protocol Version 4 ( IPv4 ) or Version 6 ( IPv6 ) multicast.

# The VPN server encrypts this reply packet, encapsulates it in a VPN packet and sends it out over the Internet.

The SNDCP layer primarily converts, encapsulates and segments external network formats ( like Internet Protocol Datagrams ) into sub-network formats ( called SNPDUs ). It also performs compression of NPDUs to make for efficient Data transmission.

Many anagram servers ( for example, the Internet Anagram Server ) can control the search results, by excluding or including certain words, limiting the number or length of words in each anagram, or limiting the number of results.

Today the Internet connects every single one of your customers, not just to you but to each other.

* A virtual community is a group of people primarily or initially communicating or interacting with each other by means of information technologies, typically over the Internet, rather than in person.

In the last few years, the Deist Alliance was created so that many of the sites on the Internet could come together to support each other and advocate deism.

An Ethertype field in each frame is used by the operating system on the receiving station to select the appropriate protocol module ( i. e. the Internet protocol module ).

An Internet Protocol address ( IP address ) is a numerical label assigned to each device ( e. g., computer, printer ) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.

The smallest amount of effort to create an internet ( an internetwork, not the Internet ), is to have two LAN's of computers connected to each other via a router.

After that, only blocks of 1024 addresses ( a ) will be made available from the RIR to each Local Internet registry ( LIR ).

As each generation becomes more in tune with the Internet, their desire to retrieve information as quickly and easily as possible has increased.

Smaller LANs generally consist of one or more switches linked to each other, often at least one is connected to a router, cable modem, or ADSL modem for Internet access.

* " omprises both technical and institutional methods of production and distribution " This is evident throughout the history of the media, from print to the Internet, each suitable for commercial utility.

Facebook for example, as of July 2010, was the largest social-networking site, with nearly 500 million members, or 22 percent of all Internet users, who upload over 25 billion pieces of content each month.

David M. Fetterman of Stanford University wrote in his 1997 article Videoconferencing over the Internet: " Videoconferencing technology allows geographically disparate parties to hear and see each other usually through satellite or telephone communication systems ".

The Internet is partitioned into autonomous systems ( ASs ) such as internet service providers ( ISPs ), each of which has control over routes involving its network, at multiple levels.

Members of this community, " fans ", are in contact with each other at conventions or clubs, through print or online fanzines, or on the Internet using web sites, mailing lists, and other resources.

Four Internet Service Providers ( ISPs ), one each in Boosaaso and Hargeisa, and two in Mogadishu ( 2004 ), offer internet access to more than 2 million users ( 2010 ), up from just 200 in 2000.

The NIST provides a time reference service to computer users on the Internet, based on Java applets loaded by each slave.

The RIRs, each responsible for a single, large, geographic area, such as Europe or North America, subdivide these blocks and allocate subnets to local Internet registries ( LIRs ).

Many Internet chat and messaging services allow users to display or send each other photos of themselves and users may chose to exchange nude or sexual photos.

In Internet Explorer version 6, the level of direct and indirect links, the maximum amount of local disc space allowed to be consumed, and the schedule on which local copies are checked to see whether they are up-to-date, are configurable for each individual Favourites entry.

While this greatly reduced the bandwidth requirements for spammers at a time when Internet connections were limited, it forced each spam to be an exact copy and thus easier to detect.

Internet Protocol Security ( IPsec ) is a protocol suite for securing Internet Protocol ( IP ) communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet of a communication session.

TCP / IP networking allowed most of the remaining BBSes to evolve and include Internet hosting capabilities.

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite ( TCP / IP ) to serve billions of users worldwide.

The Gopher protocol () is a TCP / IP application layer protocol designed for distributing, searching, and retrieving documents over the Internet.

In 1982 the Internet Protocol Suite ( TCP / IP ) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP / IP networks called the Internet was introduced.

One optional download for WfW was the " Wolverine " TCP / IP protocol stack, which allowed for easy access to the Internet through corporate networks.

It helped spearhead development of the Internet, including the Domain Name System and refinement of TCP / IP communications protocols that remain fundamental to Internet operations.

In 1983, it launched TCP / IP, the event that many Net participants consider the birth date of the Internet, and the SOAR cognitive architecture.

The most notable example of internetworking is the Internet, a network of networks based on many underlying hardware technologies, but unified by an internetworking protocol standard, the Internet Protocol Suite, often also referred to as TCP / IP.

The Internet Protocol Suite, also called the TCP / IP model of the Internet was not designed to conform to the OSI model and does not refer to it in any of the normative specifications in Requests for Comment and Internet standards.

IPX did not scale enough for large networks such as the internet and as such, IPX usage decreased as the boom of the Internet made TCP / IP nearly universal.

Computers and networks can run multiple network protocols, so almost all IPX sites will be running TCP / IP as well to allow for Internet connectivity.

The Internet Protocol Suite is therefore often referred to as TCP / IP.

The model became known informally as TCP / IP, although formally referenced as the Internet Protocol Suite.

Version numbers 6 through 9 were proposed for various protocol models designed to replace IPv4: SIPP ( Simple Internet Protocol Plus, known now as IPv6 ), TP / IX ( RFC 1475 ), PIP ( RFC 1621 ) and TUBA ( TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses, RFC 1347 ).

It is commonly known as TCP / IP, because of its most important protocols: Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ) and Internet Protocol ( IP ), which were the first networking protocols defined in this standard.

The TCP / IP model and related protocols are maintained by the ( IETF ) or Internet Engineering Task Force.