* 1647 – The Irish Confederate Wars and Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Battle of Dungan's Hill – English Parliamentary forces defeat Irish forces.

Among the consequences of the Third Reform Act ( 1884 – 85 ) was the giving of the vote to the Catholic peasants in Ireland, and the consequent creation of an Irish Parliamentary Party led by Charles Stewart Parnell.

Constitutional nationalism enjoyed its greatest success in the 1880s and 1890s when the Irish Parliamentary Party under Charles Stewart Parnell succeeded in having two Home Rule bills introduced by the Liberal government of William Ewart Gladstone, though both failed.

Supporters of the Irish Parliamentary Party also felt the rebellion was a betrayal of their party.

John Redmond, the leader of the nationalist Irish Parliamentary Party, was prepared to accept British promises to deliver Home Rule, and publicly backed the British war effort.

From 1916 to 1918, the two dominant nationalist movements, Sinn Féin and the Irish Parliamentary Party, fought a tough series of battles in by-elections.

After Butt's death the Home Rule Movement, or the Irish Parliamentary Party as it had become known, was turned into a major political force under the guidance of William Shaw and in particular a radical young Protestant landowner, Charles Stewart Parnell.

The Irish Parliamentary Party dominated Irish politics, to the exclusion of the previous Liberal, Conservative and Unionist parties that had existed.

* August 8 – Battle of Dungan's Hill: Irish forces are defeated by English Parliamentary forces.

The Irish Parliamentary Party, who supported the Allied cause in World War I in response to the passing of the Third Home Rule Bill in 1914 was discredited by the crisis.

In the 19th century, Cork was a centre for the Fenians and for the constitutional nationalism of the Irish Parliamentary Party, from 1910 that of the All-for-Ireland Party.

The election resulted firstly in a stalemate, neither the Liberals nor the Conservatives having a majority, the balance of power being held by the Irish Parliamentary Party.

At that time he appeared to be trying to create a separate Welsh national party modelled on Parnell's Irish Parliamentary Party and worked towards a union of the North and South Wales Liberal Federations.

The resignations were not made public, and the opportunity for Chamberlain to present his Radicalism to the country was only presented when the Irish Parliamentary Party endorsed a Conservative amendment to the budget on 9 June, which passed by 12 votes.

As part of the railway gauge standardisation considered by the United Kingdom Parliamentary Gauge Commission, Ireland was allocated its own gauge, Irish gauge.

None of the Irish castles could withstand these Parliamentary weapons and most quickly surrendered.

In Parliament he resisted any overtures to the Irish Parliamentary Party on Home Rule, and, allied with Joseph Chamberlain's Liberal Unionists, strongly encouraged Unionist activism in Ireland.

* Mansergh D. Grattan's failure Parliamentary Opposition and the People in Ireland ( 2005 ) Irish Academic Press ISBN 0-7165-2815-0

The Third Home Rule Bill introduced in 1912 by the Irish Parliamentary Party could no longer be vetoed after the passing of the Parliament Act 1911 which removed the power of the Lords to veto bills.

Charles Stewart Parnell, a young Irish nationalist Member of Parliament ( MP ), who in 1880 became leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party, joined him in this tactic to obstruct the business of the House and force the Liberals and Conservatives to negotiate with him and his party.

From 1882 – 1918 most Irish MPs were members of the Irish Parliamentary Party ( IPP ) who strove in several Home Rule Bills to achieve self-government for Ireland within the United Kingdom through the constitutional movement for reform.

Irish coalition governments have traditionally been based on one of two large blocs in Dáil Éireann: either Fianna Fáil in coalition with smaller parties or independents, or Fine Gael and the Labour Party in coalition, sometimes with smaller parties.

In the past Dublin city was regarded as a stronghold for Fianna Fáil, however following the Irish local elections, 2004 the party was eclipsed by the centre-left Labour Party.

It consisted of three Italian MEPs ( Lega Nord two, Sardinian Action Party one ), two Spanish MEPs ( one each for the PNV and the Andalusian Party, PA ), one Belgian MEP ( for VU ), one French MEP ( Union of the Corsican People, UPC ), one British MEP ( SNP ) and one Irish MEP ( Neil Blaney, independent ).

Fine Gael is generally considered to be more on the political right in comparison to its more centrist rival, Fianna Fáil, but Fine Gael has never governed Ireland without the Labour Party, a social-democratic party on the centre-left of Irish politics.

In spite of this perceived opposition to Fine Gael from the left of the Irish political spectrum, the party, due to Dáil arithmetic, has never entered into national government without the backing of the Labour Party.

Speaking in Carlow in June 2010, Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government and Green Party leader John Gormley said the Labour Party is coming very close to being the " Father Ted of Irish politics " because, according to Gormley, they have no policies.

Fianna Fáil – The Republican Party, more commonly known as Fianna Fáil () is a centrist to centre-right Irish republican and conservative political party in Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926.

Green Party candidates have been elected to all levels of representation ; local, Dáil and European Parliament, and in 2007 the party gained its first representation in the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Northern Ireland party having become a region of the Irish party in the previous year.

The Green Party had six seats in the Irish government but lost them all in the 2011 general election.

The Irish Green Party is a member of the European Green Party.

Van Buren was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president not of British or Irish descent — his family was Dutch.

Robinson initially served in the Irish upper house as an independent senator, but in the mid 1970s she joined the Labour Party.

A 70-page Natural Law Party paper was prepared in the context of the 1996 Framework Document of the British and Irish governments.

The Irish government refused to attend royal functions as a result ; for example, Patrick Hillery declined on Government advice to attend the wedding of the Prince of Wales to Lady Diana Spencer in 1981, to which he had been invited by Queen Elizabeth, just as Seán T. O ' Kelly had declined on government advice to attend the 1953 Coronation Garden Party at the British Embassy in Dublin.

This was one of the Irish women who had built their own huts down near the river.

Betty Lou Ham, age 16, Holyoke, Mass., showing an Irish Setter, was chosen as International Champion of the year.

He had a round, frank Irish face, creased in a jovial grin that stayed bleakly in place even when he was pumping bullets into someone's body.

O'Banion was born in poverty, the son of an immigrant Irish plasterer, in the North Side's Little Hell, close by the Sicilian quarter and Death Corner.

He was also at the same time gaining practical experience as a safe breaker and highwayman, and learning how to shoot to kill from a Neanderthal convicted murderer named Gene Geary, later committed to Chester Asylum as a homicidal maniac, but whose eyes misted with tears when the young Dion sang a ballad about an Irish mother in his clear and syrupy tenor.

And when the singing began, it was the Gouldings who sang the old Irish songs the best.

Swift however, Landa argues, is not merely criticizing economic maxims but also addressing the fact that England was denying Irish citizens their natural rights and dehumanizing them by viewing them as a mere commodity.

This refusal to accept any renunciation of allegiance to the Crown led to conflict with the United States over impressment, and then led to further conflicts even during the War of 1812, when thirteen Irish American prisoners of war were executed as traitors after the Battle of Queenston Heights ; Winfield Scott urged American reprisal, but none was carried out.

James Joyce was a prominent Irish author of the 20th century.

One of the earliest group automorphisms ( automorphism of a group, not simply a group of automorphisms of points ) was given by the Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton in 1856, in his Icosian Calculus, where he discovered an order two automorphism, writing:

The word " electron " was coined in 1891 by the Irish physicist George Stoney whilst analyzing elementary charges for the first time.

Arizona State Sun Devils football was founded in 1897 under coach Fred Irish.

He was the oldest of ten children born to Hugh Brunty and Eleanor McCrory, poor Irish peasant farmers.

The Act of Settlement is an act of the Parliament of England that was passed in 1701 to settle the succession to the English and Irish crowns and thrones on the Electress Sophia of Hanover ( a granddaughter of James I ) and her Protestant heirs.

The Irish Free State, whose consent to the Abdication Act was also required, neither gave it nor allowed the British legislation to take effect in the Free State's jurisdiction ; instead, the Irish parliament passed its own Act — the Executive Authority ( External Relations ) Act — the day after the Declaration of Abdication Act took force elsewhere, meaning Edward VIII, for one day, remained King of Ireland while George VI was king of all the other realms.

Born from a noble family of the province of Soule, his father Michel was born in Arrast-Larrebieu and his mother was Irish.

Irish through his mother, Abbadie was an English-speaker but his relationship with Irish culture or his Irish family is not documented.

In Ireland the oath was imposed of state office holders, teachers and lawyers, and on clergy of the established church in from 1703, the following year it was on all Irish voters and from 1709 it can be demanded from any adult male by a magistrate.