Among the consequences of the Third Reform Act ( 1884 – 85 ) was the giving of the vote to the Catholic peasants in Ireland, and the consequent creation of an Irish Parliamentary Party led by Charles Stewart Parnell.

Irish coalition governments have traditionally been based on one of two large blocs in Dáil Éireann: either Fianna Fáil in coalition with smaller parties or independents, or Fine Gael and the Labour Party in coalition, sometimes with smaller parties.

In the past Dublin city was regarded as a stronghold for Fianna Fáil, however following the Irish local elections, 2004 the party was eclipsed by the centre-left Labour Party.

It consisted of three Italian MEPs ( Lega Nord two, Sardinian Action Party one ), two Spanish MEPs ( one each for the PNV and the Andalusian Party, PA ), one Belgian MEP ( for VU ), one French MEP ( Union of the Corsican People, UPC ), one British MEP ( SNP ) and one Irish MEP ( Neil Blaney, independent ).

Constitutional nationalism enjoyed its greatest success in the 1880s and 1890s when the Irish Parliamentary Party under Charles Stewart Parnell succeeded in having two Home Rule bills introduced by the Liberal government of William Ewart Gladstone, though both failed.

Supporters of the Irish Parliamentary Party also felt the rebellion was a betrayal of their party.

Fine Gael is generally considered to be more on the political right in comparison to its more centrist rival, Fianna Fáil, but Fine Gael has never governed Ireland without the Labour Party, a social-democratic party on the centre-left of Irish politics.

In spite of this perceived opposition to Fine Gael from the left of the Irish political spectrum, the party, due to Dáil arithmetic, has never entered into national government without the backing of the Labour Party.

Speaking in Carlow in June 2010, Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government and Green Party leader John Gormley said the Labour Party is coming very close to being the " Father Ted of Irish politics " because, according to Gormley, they have no policies.

Fianna Fáil – The Republican Party, more commonly known as Fianna Fáil () is a centrist to centre-right Irish republican and conservative political party in Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926.

John Redmond, the leader of the nationalist Irish Parliamentary Party, was prepared to accept British promises to deliver Home Rule, and publicly backed the British war effort.

From 1916 to 1918, the two dominant nationalist movements, Sinn Féin and the Irish Parliamentary Party, fought a tough series of battles in by-elections.

Green Party candidates have been elected to all levels of representation ; local, Dáil and European Parliament, and in 2007 the party gained its first representation in the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Northern Ireland party having become a region of the Irish party in the previous year.

The Green Party had six seats in the Irish government but lost them all in the 2011 general election.

The Irish Green Party is a member of the European Green Party.

Van Buren was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president not of British or Irish descent — his family was Dutch.

Robinson initially served in the Irish upper house as an independent senator, but in the mid 1970s she joined the Labour Party.

A 70-page Natural Law Party paper was prepared in the context of the 1996 Framework Document of the British and Irish governments.

The Irish government refused to attend royal functions as a result ; for example, Patrick Hillery declined on Government advice to attend the wedding of the Prince of Wales to Lady Diana Spencer in 1981, to which he had been invited by Queen Elizabeth, just as Seán T. O ' Kelly had declined on government advice to attend the 1953 Coronation Garden Party at the British Embassy in Dublin.

After Butt's death the Home Rule Movement, or the Irish Parliamentary Party as it had become known, was turned into a major political force under the guidance of William Shaw and in particular a radical young Protestant landowner, Charles Stewart Parnell.

The Irish Parliamentary Party dominated Irish politics, to the exclusion of the previous Liberal, Conservative and Unionist parties that had existed.

It has retained this status to the present day, with even the minority whose first language is Irish usually being fluent in English as well.

With the movement for Irish independence increasing in violence, it was decided that these barriers would be retained, and raised and strengthened.

* Royal Ulster Rifles 1793-1881-renamed Royal Irish Rifles and retained name until 1921 ( renamed as Royal Ulster Rifles until 1947 when it merged with Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers and Royal Irish Fusiliers to form North Irish Brigade

In 1857 he was transferred to the Irish branch of the Geological Survey, as acting palaeontologist, and retained this post until the end of his life.

He also retained a 40 % stake in Providence Resources Plc, the Irish based oil and gas exploration and development company.

The political result of this crisis was the fall of the Cowen government and a shattering defeat for Fianna Fáil in the Irish general election, 2011, in which the party won just 17 % of the vote and retained only 20 out of its 71 seats in the Dáil.

Calwell had met Elizabeth at Irish language classes run by the Gaelic League in Melbourne, and retained an interest in and fluency in the language.

Under the attainder Castlehaven forfeited his English Barony of Audley, created for heirs general, but retained his Irish Earldom and Barony since it was an entailed honour protected by the statute De Donis.

However he won the Classic and also retained the Irish Masters title he won in 1985.

Although in adult life Lewis lived in England, he returned to Northern Ireland often and retained fond memories of the Irish scenery, saying " I yearn to see County Down in the snow ; one almost expects to see a march of dwarfs dashing past.

They retained the name " Irish Volunteers ", were led by MacNeill and called for Irish neutrality.

" The book argued that the children and grandchildren of earlier immigrants to New York City, including Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish, had retained their ethnic consciousness and that the phenomenon of persistent ethnic identities over the course of generations would continue to endure.

In 1988 retained the Classic, claimed his second Masters title with a 9 – 0 final whitewash of Mike Hallett ( the only final whitewash in the event's history ), won the World Cup with England and won his fourth Irish Masters title.

In contemporary documents from the early Revolutionary period, the area is generally referred to as " The Three Lower Counties on the Delaware River " ( Lower Counties on Delaware ) or by the names of the three counties, all of which retained linguistic and cultural connections to those of Maryland ; New Castle, which related well to North East England's Newcastle as the defunct Durham County, Maryland ( both Newcastle and Durham were relatively close to the Calvert regional identity as that of Northern England -- and as landlords in County Longford, of the Irish Midlands, their barony shared some characteristics with the earlier English Catholic plantation by Mary I of England and Philip II of Spain in Queen's and King's counties ), while Kent was contiguous with neighboring Kent County, Maryland and Sussex generally held a similar origin to Sussex County, Virginia, being the furthest removed from Penn's colony.

The English and Irish descendants of the first inhabitants retained traces of their Elizabethan English and Old Irish dialects which can be heard on the island today.

In December 1755 he became a junior minister as one of the Lords of Trade and in 1757, he retained a seat in the Irish House of Commons for Old Leighlin, which he held until 1761.

Shortly after the privatisation, Irish-based private airline Ryanair attempted a takeover of Aer Lingus which was eventually blocked by other shareholders including the government ( who retained a 28. 3 % share ), Aer Lingus employee groups and Irish businessman Denis O ' Brien.

Unlike the Union of Scotland and England, the Crown retained the right to create one new Irish peerage dignity every time three previous ones became extinct, until the number of Irish peers without British peerages amounted to one hundred, when further creations would be permitted as often as necessary to maintain that number.

He retained the World Cup later on in 1980 for Wales and again won the Irish Masters in 1981 before losing to eventual winner Steve Davis again in the World Championship.

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Lauderdale County were English 41. 9 %, African 13. 85 %, Scots-Irish 9. 66 %, Scottish 4. 11 %, Irish 3. 19 % and Welsh 2. 5 %

The common Ancestry of Tucker includes 12. 5 % English, 10. 25 % Irish, 10. 0 % German, 3. 1 % Scottish, and 3. 85 % Scotch-Irish.

Most northern, central, and eastern Europeans ( Finns, Swedes, English, Irish, Germans, and Ukrainians ) showed > 90 % in the ‘ northern ’ population group, while most individual participants with southern European ancestry ( Italians, Greeks, Portuguese, Spaniards ) showed > 85 % in the ' southern ' group.

In the republic, the Statute Law Revision Act 2007 repealed the Act almost 85 years after Constitution of the Irish Free State replaced it as the basic constitutional law.

The Conservatives and the Liberal Unionist Party returned with a majority of 118 over the combined Gladstonian Liberals and Parnell's 85 Irish Party seats.

* Portumna ‘ 85 Irish Scout Jamboree

Past Irish winners include Ronnie Delaney ( 1956-1959 ), Eamonn Coghlan ( 1977, ' 79 -' 81, ' 83, ' 85 and ' 87 ), Marcus O ' Sullivan ( 1986, ' 88 -' 90, 1992 and 1996 ) and Niall Bruton ( 1994 ).

These victories included the only sub-4 minute 1500 m time recorded during the year, a new Irish record of 3: 58. 85 set at the Herculis meet in Monaco on 25 July.

He was a member of the Irish Privy Council from April 1673 to March 1684 / 85.

In 2010, the Irish Open at Killarney Golf & Fishing Club had an attendance of 85, 179 over four days.

' Portumna ' 85 ' was the first Irish scout camp involving all three Irish scouting organizations.

He made 85 appearances with the Irish special teams to help become one of six freshmen to earn monograms.

Aldersley is a predominantly white neighbourhood with 85. 9 % of Aldersley being British White, 1. 1 % Irish and 1. 8 % Other.

Formerly 85 percent of its strength were of Irish descent, and now it is only 50 percent, but the spirit of the old Fighting 69th is stronger than ever.