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The Jain theory of causation holds that a cause and its effect are always identical in nature and therefore a conscious and immaterial entity like God cannot create a material entity like the universe.
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Jain and theory
* Composite fermions: this theory was proposed by Jain, and further extended by Halperin, Lee and Read.
Jain and holds
Tradition holds that Chandragupta abdicated his throne to become a Digambara Jain monk and led such an ascetic life that he starved himself to death.
According to George L. Hart, who holds the endowed Chair in Tamil Studies by University of California, Berkeley, has written that the legend of the Tamil Sangams or " literary assemblies: was based on the Jain sangham at Madurai:
Although the description given below does not go with the Jainism description of Jambudvipa and its surroundings, the word Jambudvipa holds a very important place in Jain Cosmology, and has a different architecture.
Jain and cause
Karma ( ; ) in Indian religions is the concept of " action " or " deed ", understood as that which causes the entire cycle of cause and effect ( i. e., the cycle called saṃsāra ) originating in ancient India and treated in the Hindu, Jain, Buddhist and Sikh religions.
Theistic schools of Hinduism such as Vedanta thus disagree with the Buddhist and Jain views and other Hindu views that karma is merely a law of cause and effect but rather is also dependent on the will of a personal supreme God.
It is understood as that which causes the entire cycle of cause and effect ( i. e., the cycle called saṃsāra ) originating in ancient India and treated in Hindu, Jain, Sikh and Buddhist philosophies.
Theistic schools of Hinduism such as Vedanta disagree with the Buddhist views, Jain views and other Hindu views that karma is merely a law of cause and effect but instead additionally hold that karma is mediated by the will of a personal supreme God.
Jain adaptations of the Ramayana like Vasudevahindi, Uttara-purana, and others also state that Sita is the daughter of Ravana and Mandodari, and is abandoned when she is prophesied to be the cause of the end of Ravana and his family.
Jain and its
* Kundakunda ( 2nd Century CE ), exponent of Jain mysticism and Jain nayas dealing with the nature of the soul and its contamination by matter, author of Pañcāstikāyasāra ( Essence of the Five Existents ), the Pravacanasāra ( Essence of the Scripture ) and the Samayasāra ( Essence of the Doctrine )
Unlike in Hindu and Jain sources, in ancient Buddhist texts ahimsa ( or its Pāli cognate ) is not used as a technical term.
" What could have saved Indian society from the ponderous burden of omnifarious ritualistic ceremonialism, with its animal and other sacrifices, which all but crushed the very life of it, except the Jain revolution, which took its strong stand exclusively on chaste morals and philosophical truths?
The interim report of the Jain Commission created a storm when it accused Karunanidhi of a role in the assassination, leading to Congress withdrawing its support for the I. K. Gujral government and fresh elections in 1998.
Jain doctrine states that an object has infinite modes of existence and qualities and they cannot be completely perceived in all its aspects and manifestations, due to inherent limitations of the humans.
The Hoysalas built Jain temples to satisfy the needs of its Jain population, a few of which have survived in Halebidu containing icons of Jain tirthankaras.
Jain doctrine of Anekantavada states that an object has infinite modes of existence and qualities and, as such, they cannot be completely perceived in all its aspects and manifestations, due to the inherent limitations of being human.
Thus one finds in the Jain texts, deliberative exhortations on any subject in all its facts, may they be constructive or obstructive, inferential or analytical, enlightening or destructive.
According to Jain doctrine, the universe and its constituents-soul, matter, space, time, and principles of motion have always existed ( a static universe similar to that of Epicureanism and steady state cosmological model ).
Furthermore, according to the Jain concept of divinity, any soul who destroys its karmas and desires, achieves liberation.
Stanmore has overwhelmingly affluent Christian, Shia Muslim, Hindu, Jain, Jewish and Catholic communities, including its local Synagogue, Stanmore and Canons Park Synagogue on London Road ( which has the largest membership of any single synagogue in Europe ), on Wood Lane.
Jain philosophy, which is a non-creationist philosophy and based on teachings of Mahavira ( 6th century BCE ), states that universe and its constituents like matter cannot be destroyed or created.
The Jain text Tattvarthasutra ( 2nd century ) states that a substance is permanent, but its modes are characterised by creation and destruction.
On 26 July 2011, along with its second quarter earnings report, Deutsche Bank reported that Anshu Jain, head of investment banking and Jürgen Fitschen, head of the German business, will replace Josef Ackermann as co-CEOs starting next year.
In its report the Jain Commission dedicated a volume to his alleged involvement in the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi.
It was in this context that fears of a Buddhist or Jain takeover spurred a large Hindu revival that reached its peak in the 7th century and continued nearly into the 2nd millennium.
[...] he popularity of the Ājīvika doctrine in ancient times, such that it could rival that of both Jainism and Buddhism, also make sense if this doctrine was really not so radically different from these traditions as its presentation in Jain and Buddhist sources suggests.
Jamnagar is well known for its four marble Jain temples: Vardhman Shah's Temple, Raisi Shah's Temple, Sheth's Temple, and Vasupujya Swami's Temple ; all built between 1574 and 1622.
Jamnagar is well known for its four marble Jain temples: Vardhman Shah's Temple, Raisi Shah's Temple, Sheth's Temple, and Vasupujya Swami's Temple.
Ugar has several beautiful temples of its own such as Mahadev temple on the river bank, Shri Raghavendra Matt, Lakshmi temple, Vittal temple, a Jain Mandir, Padmavati Temple and several Mosques.
Jain and effect
Jain rituals were codified on the basis of these principles to give effect to the teachings of the Tirthankaras.
Jain and are
Some Jains abstain from farming because it inevitably entails unintentional killing or injuring of many small animals, such as worms and insects, but agriculture is not forbidden in general and there are Jain farmers.
Among the five-sensed beings, the rational ones ( humans ) are most strongly protected by Jain ahimsa.
This view was elaborated in traditional Jain cosmology and Buddhist cosmology, which depicts the cosmos as a vast, flat oceanic disk ( of the magnitude of a small planetary system ), bounded by mountains, in which the continents are set as small islands.
Jain libraries are the oldest in the country.
Jain scholars have explained in-depth methods and techniques that are said to result in clearance of past accumulated karmas as well as stopping the inflow of fresh karmas.
The Great Vows are prescribed for Jain monastics while limited vows ( anuvrata ) are prescribed for householders.
The special Jinas who not only rediscover dharma but also preach it for the Jain community are called Tirthankara.
For this reason Jains are encouraged to keep their tradition, and at the same time respect other practices so as to complete the Jain view.
Jain meditation techniques are designed to assist the practitioner to remain apart from clinging and hatred thereby liberating from karmic bondages through the Ratnatraya: right perception, right knowledge and right
In India there are several Jain Monks, in categories like Acharya, Upadhyaya and Muni.
Jain festivals are characterized by both internal and external celebrations.
The Khandagiri and Udaygiri caves near Bhubaneswar are the only surviving stone Jain monuments in Orissa.
There are many Jain communities in different parts of India and around the world.
In Belgium, the very successful Indian diamond community in Antwerp, almost all of whom are Jain, opened the largest Jain temple outside India in 2010, to strengthen Jain values in and across Western Europe.
Digambaras believe that only the first five lines are formally part of the Namokar Mantra ( the main Jain prayer ), whereas Svetambaras believe all nine form the mantra.
Jain scriptures also describe nigodas, which are sub-microscopic creatures living in large clusters and having a very short life and are said to pervade each and every part of universe, even in tissues of plants and flesh of animals.
by Kanti Jain, and now excimer laser lithography machines ( steppers and scanners ) are the primary tools used worldwide in microelectronics production.
In India, the Marwari Jain community pioneered the pawnbroking business, but today others are involved ; the work is done by many agents called " saudagar ".
The Ardhamagadhi language (" half Magadhi "), an archaic form of the Magadhi language which was used extensively to write Jain scriptures, is often considered to be the definitive form of Prakrit, while others are considered variants thereof.
The Jain basadi nearby are equally rich in sculptural detail.
The matha and Jain temple are situated at base of Vindhyagiri hill.
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