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The Lumbee Problem: The Making of an American Indian People.
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Lumbee and Problem
* Karen I. Blu, " The Lumbee Problem: The Making of an American Indian ", University of Nebraska Press, 2001
* Karen I. Blu, " The Lumbee Problem: The Making of an American Indian ", University of Nebraska Press, 2001
Lumbee and American
Local Native American Lumbee guides helped Sherman's army cross the Lumber River, which was flooded by torrential rains, into North Carolina.
38. 5 % of the population identified as Native American, mostly Lumbee.
The County has a high proportion of Lumbee, who have been recognized as a Native American tribe by the state of North Carolina.
Pembroke is the tribal seat of the Lumbee Indian Tribe of North Carolina, the largest Native American tribe east of the Mississippi River, the ninth largest tribal nation, and the largest non-reservation, not federally recognized and without benefits, state-recognized tribe in the United States.
The Lumbee comprise roughly one-half the state of North Carolina's Native American population of 84, 000 with a population of 52, 614, and live in Robeson, Hoke, Scotland, and Cumberland counties.
In 2007, she sponsored legislation which would have granted federal recognition of a North Carolina Native American tribe, the Lumbee based in Robeson County.
The Lumbee are one of eight state-recognized Native American tribes in North Carolina.
4656, known as the Lumbee Act, which recognized the Lumbee as Native American people.
Pension records for veterans of the American Revolutionary War in Robeson County listed men with surnames later associated with Lumbee families, such as Samuel Bell, Jacob Locklear, John Brooks, Berry Hunt, Thomas Jacobs, Thomas Cummings, and Michael Revels.
Jamie Oxendine ( Lumbee ) poses with U. S. Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur during the opening of the National Museum of the American Indian, 2004
In 1934, the future Lumbee revived their claim to Cherokee identity, joining the National Congress of American Indians under the name, " Cherokee Indians of Robeson County.
4656, passed by Congress in late May 1956 and signed by President Dwight David Eisenhower, recognized the Lumbee as having Native American origins and being an Indian people.
Lumbee spokesmen repeatedly testified that they were not seeking financial services ; they said they only wanted recognition as American Indians.
Due to their multiracial origins and the domination of slavery as a racial caste in the South, the Lumbee have struggled with the issue of identification as Native American.
* Hauptman, Laurence M. “ River Pilots and Swamp Guerillas: Pamunkey and Lumbee Unionists ,” in Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War.
" He is descended from the Lumbee Native American tribe.
Tatanka was honored by previous Native American professional wrestlers Chief Jay Strongbow and Chief Wahoo McDaniel and Lumbee tribesman Ray Littleturtle on an edition of Raw.
* Hauptman, Lawrence M. " River Pilots and Swamp Guerillas: Pamunkee and Lumbee Unionists .” In Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War.
Lumbee and Indian
The highest density of swamps is in that part of the county that is most populated by the Lumbee Indian Tribe, recognized by the state of North Carolina.
The Lumbee Indian Tribe of North Carolina comprises more than one-half the state of North Carolina's indigenous population of 101, 000.
Since World War II many Lumbee Indian families have moved northward from Robeson County and now constitute a significant element of the population that is otherwise European and African-American.
The town is the tribal seat of the Lumbee Indian Tribe of North Carolina as well as the home of The University of North Carolina at Pembroke.
* Chris Chavis, a Lumbee Indian, is a professional wrestler better known as, " Tatanka " and " The War Eagle ", and is a former member of the World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ).
One of his clients was the Lumbee Indian Tribe of North Carolina, which is seeking federal status from Congress and $ 77 million in funding for education, health care and economic development that would come with recognition.
On October 22, 2009, the United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved a bill for federal recognition of the Lumbee.
* Sider, Gerald M. Living Indian Histories: Lumbee and Tuscarora People in North Carolina.
*" Lumbee Language and the Lumbee Indian Culture ", Native Languages
In 1940, she and a sister went to Pembroke, North Carolina to conduct some research among the Lumbee tribe, again with financial backing from the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
The Lumbee, a group which appeared to organize from a variety of peoples on the North Carolina frontier in the 19th century, achieved state recognition as Croatan Indian after Reconstruction.
Oxendine is of Lumbee heritage, an Indian tribe from North Carolina.
Like the Lumbee, after 1877 and the end of Reconstruction, the Haliwa spent the late 19th century fighting for separate Indian schools.
Deese, a 1 / 2 Lumbee Indian was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, on December 14, 1921.
James Deese's father was Thomas D. Deese, a full-blooded Lumbee Indian whose parents, James M. Deese and Sarah Jane Chavis were from Burnt Swamp N. C. Deese's mother, Serene Jane Johnson was from Wisconsin.
Lumbee and People
Category: People of Lumbee descent
Lumbee and .
In 1989, the Solicitor of the Department of Interior ruled that the Lumbee Act of 1956, barred all Indians within Robeson and adjoining counties from consideration within the " Branch of Acknowledgement and Research " petitioning process.
The ruling applied first to the Lumbee petition of 1986.
Gerald M. Sider states that rather than challenging this ruling, " The Lumbee subsequently removed their petition from active consideration by the BIA in a way that also prevented the Tuscarora petitions from being considered.
The TNOFC maintain separate membership enrollment from, and are not part of, the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina.
The Lumbee are a state-recognized tribe, the largest tribe in the state, and are also located in Robeson County.
** Armed Lumbee Indians confront a handful of Klansmen in Maxton, North Carolina.
Other tribes that claim partial descent from surviving Roanoke colonists include the Catawba ( who absorbed the Shakori and Eno people ), and the Coree and the Lumbee tribes.
With a population of 58, 443, reflecting a 34. 5 % increase from the 1980 population of 43, 465 members, the Lumbee reside primarily in Robeson, Hoke, Cumberland, and Scotland counties.
Most identify as Lumbee, and Native Americans make up 38. 02 %, comprising the largest racial / ethnic group in the county.
The Lumbee are the largest tribal nation east of the Mississippi River, and the ninth largest tribal nation in the United States.
The anthropologist John R. Swanton of the Smithsonian Institution tried to identify the origin of the people known as Croatan Indians before the 1950s ( they have since identified as Lumbee ).
The descent from Cheraw peoples is part of the Lumbee oral tradition, as well as a basis of their campaign for federal recognition as a tribe.
Names on early land deeds and other historic documents in Robeson County correspond to many of the families of free people of color, including ancestors of contemporary self-identified Lumbee.
On January 18, 1958, armed Lumbee Native Americans chased off an estimated 50 Klansmen and supporters led by grand wizard James W. " Catfish " Cole at the town of Maxton in the Battle of Hayes Pond.
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