Peru's counterterrorist program diminished the group's ability to carry out terrorist attacks, and the MRTA suffered from infighting as well as violent clashes with Maoist rival Shining Path, the imprisonment or deaths of senior leaders, and loss of leftist support.

In a case that attracted international attention, Lori Berenson, a former MIT student and U. S. socialist activist living in Lima, was arrested on 30 November 1995, by the police and accused of collaborating with the MRTA.

: Unlike Shining Path, and like other armed Latin American organizations with which it maintained ties, the MRTA claimed responsibility for its actions, its members used uniforms or other identifiers to differentiate themselves from the civilian population, it abstained from attacking the unarmed population and at some points showed signs of being open to peace negotiations.

The government rejected the militants ' demand to release imprisoned MRTA members and secretly prepared an elaborate plan to storm the residence, while stalling by negotiating with the hostage-takers.

* Peruvian Constitutional Crisis of 1992: President Alberto Fujimori, with the support of the armed forces, dissolved the Congress after it rejected his proposal for stronger action against Shining Path and MRTA.

The Shining Path targeted not only the army and police, but also government employees at all levels, other leftist militants such as members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ), workers who did not participate in the strikes organized by the group, peasants who cooperated with the government in any way ( including by voting in democratic elections ), and ordinary middle-class inhabitants of Perú's main cities.

In some parts of Latin America, camarada is the more frequent word, except in Peru, where the term is commonly associated with the nom de guerre of members of far left groups Shining Path and MRTA, while members of the social-democrat party APRA as well as other left parties or left-leaning organizations employ compañero to refer to fellow members.

In the early 1980s he became involved with the nascent MRTA and quickly rose to be the leader of the San Martín Zone Committee, and thence to the national leadership of the MRTA.

In late 1985 Cerpa travelled to Colombia, where he headed the " Leoncio Prado " Squad, one of three MRTA squads that participated in a joint military venture with Colombia's M-19 movement and Ecuador's ¡ Alfaro Vive, Carajo!

Following the April 1992 " self-coup " by Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori, the MRTA suffered heavy losses at the hands of the Peruvian police and military, which coupled with internal problems, had brought the organization to the brink of defeat.

In search for a peaceful solution, Fujimori appointed a team to hold talks with the MRTA, including the Canadian ambassador Anthony Vincent, who had briefly been a hostage, Archbishop Juan Luis Cipriani, and a Red Cross official.

Fujimori even talked with the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, raising media speculation that a deal was being worked out to let the MRTA guerrillas go to Cuba as political exiles.

However, it was reported on 17 January that negotiations with the MRTA had stalled.

One of them, the MIR-EM, would merge with the Revolutionary Socialist Party ( Marxist-Leninist ) in 1982 to create the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru ( MRTA ).

On the other hand, the MIR-EM continued armed struggle, merging in 1982 with the Partido Socialista Revolucionario-Marxista Leninista ( PSR-ML ) to create the Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru ( MRTA ).

The government was a key initiator of many infrastructure projects, including an expansion of the telecommunications network in partnership with the state-owned Telephone Organization of Thailand ( TOT ), development of the Eastern Seaboard of Thailand and road and rail networks in partnership with the Mass Rapid Transit Authority ( MRTA ) in the Greater Bangkok Area.

The Shining Path fought against Peru's other major guerrilla group, the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ) and campesino self-defense groups organized by the Peruvian armed forces.

The Japanese embassy hostage crisis began on 17 December 1996, when fourteen MRTA militants seized the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima during a party, taking hostage some four hundred diplomats, government officials, and other dignitaries.

BMCL intends to bid to be the operator for the extension project and other lines but the final decision is dependent on MRTA tender ( government sector ).

The MRTA did not adhere to Maoism like the Shining Path, claimed to be fighting for democracy, believed in a more mainstream version of communism and modeled their movement on other left-wing guerrilla groups in Latin America.

By the early 1990s, due to a strategic withdrawal by MRTA and the fragmentation of the other left-wing groups on campus, legal and illegal alike, Sendero Luminoso had the upper hand.

Several organizations criticized Fujimori's methods in the struggle against Shining Path and the MRTA.

After his return to Peru, and following the capture of Victor Polay, Cerpa became the most prominent leader within the MRTA and one of the few publicly-known faces within the movement.

The first action by the MRTA occurred on 31 May 1982, when five of its members, including Victor Polay Campos and Jorge Talledo Feria ( members of the Central Committee ) robbed a bank in La Victoria, Lima.

For the first MRT line, officially known as Chaloem Ratchamongkhon or informally as the " Blue Line ", most civil infrastructure were provided by the government sector, Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand ( MRTA ), and handed over to their concessionaire under a 25-year concession agreement.

The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (, abbreviated MRTA ) was a Marxist revolutionary group active in Peru from the early 1980s to 1997 and one of the main actors in the internal conflict in Peru.

On 6 July 1992, MRTA fighters staged a raid on the town of Jaen, Peru, a jungle town located in the northern department of Cajamarca.

When Fujimori came to power, much of Peru was dominated by the Maoist insurgent group Sendero Luminoso (" Shining Path "), and the Marxist-Leninist group Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ).

Some are still active, others have disappeared and some joined the ranks of Shining Path or the MRTA, which participated in the internal conflict in Peru.

The MRTA and Shining Path quickly became bitter enemies and fought one another as well as the government of Peru.

The Commission focused on the massacres, " forced disappearances ", human rights violations, terrorist attacks, and violence against women, during the internal conflict in Peru, abuses that were committed by both the rebel groups Shining Path ( Sendero Luminoso ) and Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ), as well as the military of Peru.

The Japanese embassy hostage crisis began on 17 December 1996 in Lima, Peru, when 14 members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ) took hostage hundreds of high-level diplomats, government and military officials and business executives who were attending a party at the official residence of Japan's ambassador to Peru, Morihisa Aoki, in celebration of Emperor Akihito's 63rd birthday.

The attack propelled Peru in general, and the MRTA in particular, into the world spotlight for the duration of the crisis.

Other hostages included Alejandro Toledo, who later became President of Peru, and Javier Diez Canseco, a communist Peruvian congressman, related to MRTA.

The MRTA took its name in homage to Túpac Amaru II, an 18th-century rebel leader who was himself named after his ancestor Túpac Amaru, the last indigenous leader of the Inca people.

Another organization, known as the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ), named after an Incan warrior Tupac Amaru began their own rebellion in 1982.

Fujimori made his speech shortly after MRTA leader Néstor Cerpa announced that he would gradually release any hostages who were not connected to the Peruvian government.

One hostage, two military commandos, and all 14 MRTA insurgents were killed in the operation.

Operation Chavín de Huántar was a military operation in which a team of one hundred and forty-two commandos of the Peruvian Armed Forces ended the 1997 Japanese embassy hostage crisis by raiding the Japanese ambassador's residence and freeing the hostages held there by the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement ( MRTA ).

MRTA was considered a terrorist organization by the Peruvian government, the US Department of State and the European Parliament but was later removed from the U. S. list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations on October 5, 2001.

He defended the MRTA and called for the government to negotiate a settlement.