M109A2s and M109A3s improved with Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical / Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability ( NBC / RAM ) improvements, including air purifiers, heaters, and Mission Oriented Protective Posture ( MOPP ) gear.

The U. S. doctrine for the use of nuclear weapons was revised most recently in the Nuclear Posture Review, released April 6, 2010.

The 2010 Nuclear Posture review reduces the role of U. S. nuclear weapons, stating that

* Nuclear Posture Review, the periodic assessment carried out by the United States Department of Defense of its strategies and tactics governing the use of nuclear weapons

The Nuclear Posture Review is a process “ to determine what the role of nuclear weapons in U. S. security strategy should be .”

The 2002 Nuclear Posture Review also included components requiring the " Pentagon to draft contingency plans for the use of nuclear weapons against at least seven countries, naming not only Russia and the " axis of evil "-- Iraq, Iran, and North Korea -- but also China, Libya and Syria.

President Barack Obama's 2010 Nuclear Posture Review was preceded by high expectations because of his 2009 speech in Prague, Czech Republic where he prominently outlined a vision of a world without nuclear weapons.

As part of the implementation of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review, the U. S. Government is reviewing its nuclear deterrence requirements and nuclear plans to ensure that they are aligned to address today's threats.

* The official 2010 Nuclear Posture Review

* Nuclear Posture Review Report a leak of Excerpts from the report, 8 January 2002

The IAEA has established programs to help developing countries in planning to build systematically the capability to manage a nuclear power program, including the Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Group, which has carried out Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review missions in Indonesia, Jordan, Thailand and Vietnam.

* Arima, Iachello The Interacting Boson Model, Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 31, 75 ( 1981 ).

* Penetration Resistance of Concrete: A Review, James R. Clifton, The Physical Security and Stockpile Directorate, Defense Nuclear Agency

As Staatssekretär ( Deputy Foreign Minister ), Ischinger represented Germany at numerous international and European conferences, including the 1999 G8 and EU summit meetings in Cologne / Germany and the 2000 Review Conference of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty at the United Nations, New York.

Kirkpatrick served on Reagan's Cabinet on the National Security Council, Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, Defense Policy Review Board, and chaired the Secretary of Defense Commission on Fail Safe and Risk reduction of the Nuclear Command and Control System.

The Nonproliferation Review Volume 7, Number 2, 1 – 30 The author has been a group leader at the Institute of Technical Physics of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center in Snezhinsk ( Chelyabinsk-70 ).

* Review of ageing processes and their influence on Safety and Performance at Wylfa Nuclear Power Station, John Large, 14 March 2001-includes detailed diagrams

* A Review of Fifty Years of Space Nuclear Fuel Development Programs ( broken )

* Rear Adm Philip Mathias MBE, Director since 2010 of the Strategic Defence and Security Review ( Nuclear ), and President in 2004 of the Admiralty Interview Board

He is also an Honorary Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford ; a Distinguished Fellow of the Australia India Institute ; Chair of the International Advisory Board of the Centre for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament ; and Member of the Advisory Boards of the ANU Crawford School of Public Policy, Asia-Pacific College of Diplomacy and Centre for Arab and Islamic Studies, and the Cambridge Review of International Affairs.

* Glory and Terror: The Growing Nuclear Danger by Steven Weinberg ; preface by Anthony Lewis ( New York Review Books, 2004 ) ( ISBN 1-59017-130-6 )

The Joint CBRN ( Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear ) Regiment was formed on 1 April 1999 as the Joint NBC Regiment, from a stated recommendation in the Strategic Defence Review for an operational unit to support deployed forces of the British military in NBC defence and assistance.

In July 2004, based on a recommendation of the OPG Review Committee, which Duncan appointed to review the cost over-runs and delays plaguing the restart of the four reactors at the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station, Duncan announced the government would proceed with the restart of reactor one at the Pickering station.

* The Heinz Eulau Award for " Best Article " in the American Political Science Review in 1990 for Nuclear Myths and Political Realities.

In 2004, Petroski was appointed to the United States Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board and was reappointed in 2008.

* Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board Biography

* Nuclear Medicine Accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Educational Programs in Nuclear Medicine Technology.

* " Thomas Merton on Nuclear Weapons ( Book Review ).

Colombia also has signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Tlatelolco Treaty.

The truck-launched versions, and also the Pershing II and SS-20 Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles, were later destroyed under the bilateral INF ( Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces ) treaty with the USSR.

There have also been campaigns relating to the Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Plant, the Idaho National Laboratory, proposed Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository, the Hanford Site, the Nevada Test Site, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and transportation of nuclear waste from the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

The reference Nuclear War Survival Skills includes the following supplies in a list of " Minimum Pre-Crisis Preparations ": one or more shovels, a pick, a bow-saw with an extra blade, a hammer, and 4-mil polyethylene film ( also any necessary nails, wire, etc.

* Many other forms of spectroscopy also rely upon Fourier Transforms to determine the three-dimensional structure and / or identity of the sample being analyzed, including Infrared and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopies.

It recommends safety standards, but member states are not required to comply ; it promotes nuclear energy, but it also monitors nuclear use ; it is the sole global organization overseeing the nuclear energy industry, yet it is also weighed down by checking compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ( NPT ).

Nuclear mines have also been developed, both land and naval varieties.

This event also triggered the second largest nuclear accident in history, and one of only two events to be classified as a Level 7 on the International Nuclear Event Scale.

In December 2011, Fraser was highly critical of the Australian government's decision ( also supported by the Liberal Party Opposition ) to permit the export of uranium to India, relaxing the Fraser government's policy of banning sales of uranium to countries that are not signatories of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

Proca's equations were known to Wolfgang Pauli who mentioned the equations in his Nobel address, and they were also known to Yukawa, Wentzel, Taketani, Sakata, Kemmer, Heitler, and Fröhlich who appreciated the content of Proca's equations for developing a theory of the atomic nuclei in Nuclear Physics.

See also Argonne ’ s Nuclear Science and Technology Legacy.

Nuclear energy also may refer to:

Nuclear winter ( also known as atomic winter ) is a hypothetical climatic effect of nuclear war.

It has also signed, but not ratified, the Nuclear Test Ban.

He is also Member of the Supervisory Council of the International Luxembourg Forum on Preventing Nuclear Catastrophe, a not-for-profit organization uniting leading experts on non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, materials and delivery vehicles.

Nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) spectroscopy is a widely used resonance method and ultrafast laser methods are also now possible in the infrared and visible spectral regions.

Nuclear physicist Piara Singh Gill also returned to the country from the United States after participating in the Manhattan Project in 1945.

Nuclear warheads for torpedoes have also been developed, e. g. the Mark 45 torpedo.

This discovery was also claimed by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research ( JINR ) in Dubna, Russia ( then the Soviet Union ), led principally by G. N. Flerov.

Nuclear fusion reactors could also be used, perhaps providing somewhat higher power.

LLNL also receives funding from DOE ’ s Office of Science, Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, and Office of Nuclear Energy.

Most dismiss Harriman's plans as foolhardy: Nuclear rocket fuel is scarce as the space station that produces it blew up, also destroying the only existing spaceship.

The Zangger Committee, also known as the Nuclear Exporters Committee, sprang from Article III. 2 of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons ( NPT ) which entered into force on March 5, 1970.