However, the wei books were also destroyed in a series of Orthodox Confucian purges which culminated in a final proscription in 605.

In the Eastern Orthodox Church he is also considered a saint, his feast day being celebrated on 15 June .< ref >

Troas is also a titular see of the Orthodox Church under the Ecumenical Patriarchate.

296-298 – d. 2 May 373 ), also referred to as St. Athanasius the Great, St. Athanasius I of Alexandria, St Athanasius the Confessor and ( primarily in the Coptic Orthodox Church ) St Athanasius the Apostolic, was the 20th bishop of Alexandria.

The disputed books, included in one canon but not in others, are often called the Biblical apocrypha, a term that is sometimes used specifically ( and possibly pejoratively in English ) to describe the books in the Catholic and Orthodox canons that are absent from the Jewish Masoretic Text ( also called the Tanakh or Miqra ) and most modern Protestant Bibles.

Like the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church also traces its heritage to the foundation of Christianity through Apostolic succession and has an episcopal structure, though the autonomy of the individual, mostly national churches is emphasized.

The Oriental Orthodox Churches ( also called Old Oriental Churches ) are those eastern churches that recognize the first three ecumenical councils — Nicaea, Constantinople and Ephesus — but reject the dogmatic definitions of the Council of Chalcedon and instead espouse a Miaphysite christology.

The 165, 000 Greek Cypriot refugees are also a potent political force, along with the independent Orthodox Church of Cyprus, which has some influence in temporal as well as ecclesiastical matters.

Supporters of this position also include high church Anglo-Catholic, Catholic-leaning Lutherans, Eastern Orthodox churches, and traditional Roman Catholic groups.

It is also situated at the nucleus of Coptic Orthodox community, which separated from the Roman and Byzantine church in the late 4th century.

See also under Modern Orthodox Judaism.

It is especially important in the Catholic Church, but is also used in Orthodox and Eastern Catholic, as well as Anglican, and Lutheran churches, ( though less often in other Protestant churches ), and it emphasizes Jesus ' sacrifice — his death by crucifixion, which Christians believe brought about the redemption of mankind.

The Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Church celebrate his feast day on 9 June and also, together with Pope Athanasius I of Alexandria, on 18 January.

Other Christian churches also laying claim to the description " Catholic " include the Eastern Orthodox Church and those churches possessing the historic episcopate ( bishops ), such as those of the Anglican Communion.

The Eastern Orthodox Church also identifies itself as Catholic, as in the title of The Longer Catechism of the Orthodox, Catholic, Eastern Church.

Today it also serves as the headquarters of the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem, while control of the building is shared between several Christian churches and secular entities in complicated arrangements essentially unchanged for centuries.

It is also used for other ceremonies on special occasions, such as the Holy Saturday ceremony of the Holy Fire celebrated by the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem.

The Eastern Orthodox books included in the Old Testament are the seven deuterocanonical books listed above, plus 3 Maccabees and 1 Esdras ( also included in the Clementine Vulgate ), while Baruch is divided from the Epistle of Jeremiah, making a total of 49 Old Testament books in contrast with the Protestant 39-book canon.

The Ethiopian Orthodox Deuterocanon, in addition to the standard set listed above, along with the books of Esdras and Prayer of Minasse, also includes some books that are still held canonical by only the Ethiopian Church, including Enoch or Henok ( I Enoch ), Kufale ( Jubilees ) and 1, 2 and 3 Meqabyan ( which are sometimes wrongly confused with the " Books of Maccabees ").

Their starting point in determining the date of Orthodox Easter is also 21 March, but according to the Julian reckoning, which currently corresponds to 3 April in the Gregorian calendar.

Other theologians also, notably those of the Eastern Orthodox Church, dispute the notion that such ordinations have effect, a notion that opens up the possibility of valid but irregular consecrations proliferating outside the structures of the " official " denominations.

Both the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches recognize seven councils in the early centuries of the church, but Roman Catholics also recognize fourteen councils in later times called or confirmed by the Pope.

This episcopal structure is found in the ancient Churches: in the various churches of Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and other Eastern Church lineage, and also those of Anglican lineage.

Others, including the Church of Sweden, practice episcopal polity ; the Church of Sweden also counts its bishops among the historic episcopate as do some American Lutheran churches like the Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church, Lutheran Orthodox Church, Lutheran Church-International, and the Lutheran Episcopal Communion.

The Orthodox celebrate a feast in commemoration of this event on 6 September.

Coptic Orthodox Christians celebrate Christmas on 7 January ( Gregorian Calendar ), which coincides with 25 December according to the Julian Calendar.

Under the status quo, the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Armenian Apostolic Churches all have rights to the interior of the tomb, and all three communities celebrate the Divine Liturgy or Holy Mass there daily.

Although this space was discovered recently, and contains no identifying marks, many Christians believe it to be the tomb of Joseph of Arimathea in which the Syriac Orthodox celebrate their Liturgy on Sundays.

The Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches celebrate the feast day of the " Holy Righteous Prophet and King David " on the Sunday of the Holy Forefathers ( two Sundays before the Great Feast of the Nativity of the Lord ), when he is commemorated together with other ancestors of Jesus.

The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches celebrate two feast days in honor of Gregory: January 25 as his primary feast and January 30, known as the feast of the Three Great Hierarchs, which commemorates him along with John Chrysoston and Basil of Caesarea.

Eight of the twelve biggest Eastern Orthodox Churches which have adopted the Revised Julian calendar – Bulgaria, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Romania, Syria, and Turkey – also celebrate 1 January as the New Year.

The Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite celebrate his memory on November 19 ( for those churches which follow the traditional Julian Calendar, November 19 currently falls on December 2 of the modern Gregorian Calendar ).

In part, Orthodox Christians continue to celebrate Saturday as Sabbath because of its role in the history of salvation: it was on a Saturday that Jesus " rested " in the tomb after his work on the cross.

" Petrov also said that Gagarin had been baptised into the Orthodox Church as a child, and a 2011 Foma magazine article quoted the rector of the Orthodox church in Star City saying, " Gagarin baptized his elder daughter Elena shortly before his space flight ; and his family used to celebrate Christmas and Easter and keep icons in the house.

The Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches celebrate the feast day of St. Vladimir on 15 July.

The Eastern Catholic Churches as well as the Eastern Orthodox Church celebrate Saint Leo on 18 February.

Like other native Greek Catholics, they celebrate Easter using the same calendar as the Greek Orthodox church.

In the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic churches, the mantle is a monastic garment worn by bishops, hegumens, archimandrites, and other monastics in processions and while attending various church services, such as Vespers or Matins ; but not when vested to celebrate the Divine Liturgy.

January 1 on the Julian calendar currently corresponds to January 14 on the Gregorian calendar, and it is on that date that followers of some of the Eastern Orthodox churches celebrate the New Year.

Notwithstanding, because of the relative obscurity of this western saint in the East, members of the Greek Orthodox Church named Valentinos ( male ) or Valentina ( female ) may celebrate their name day on the Western ecclesiastical calendar date of February 14.

Churches on the eastern frontier of the Byzantine Empire deviated from the Alexandrians during the 6th century, and now celebrate Easter on different dates from Eastern Orthodox churches four times every 532 years.

Protestant Churches and the Orthodox were invited to celebrate the Jubilee together with the Catholics as a sign of ecumenical dialogue.

However, most Catholic and Eastern Orthodox rites celebrate the Feast of the Cross on September 14, commemorating the day in 628 that the piece of the cross taken by the Persian Empire was recovered by the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius.

Although Orthodox monks are not permitted to hold personal possessions, the canons permit a hieromonk ( i. e., a monk who has been ordained to the priesthood ) to keep a chalice and other vessels necessary to celebrate the Divine Liturgy.

The Catholic Feast of the Assumption is celebrated on August 15, and the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholics celebrate the Dormition of the Theotokos ( the falling asleep of the Mother of God ) on the same date, preceded by a 14-day fast period.

The Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, and a number of Protestant denominations, celebrate the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross on September 14, the anniversary of the dedication of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.