According to the E. J. Erickson the Greek Navy also played a crucial, albeit indirect role, in the Thracian campaign by neutralizing no less than three Thracian Corps ( see First Balkan War, the Bulgarian theater of operations ), a significant portion of the Ottoman Army there, in the all-important opening round of the war.

The Ottoman forces estimated that 15, 000 officers and men had been killed during the campaign in south Macedonia, bringing total losses up to 41, 000 soldiers.

* 1510 – First campaign of Ottoman Empire against Kingdom of Imereti ( modern western Georgia ).

Ottoman miniature about the Siege of Szigetvár | Szigetvár campaign showing Ottoman troops and Crimean Khanate | Tatars as avantgarde.

When he refused to support the Ottoman Vali ( Governor ) of Basra, Kubad Pasha, in another campaign against the Portuguese in the northern Persian Gulf, Piri Reis was publicly beheaded in 1554 or 1555.

During the Sinai and Palestine campaign 217 Australian and unknown numbers of British, New Zealand and Indian soldiers were captured by Ottoman Empire forces.

As relations between Hungary and the Ottoman Empire deteriorated, Suleiman resumed his campaign in Eastern Europe and on 29 August 1526, he defeated Louis II of Hungary ( 1506 – 26 ) at the Battle of Mohács.

Suleiman abandoned the campaign with temporary Ottoman gains in Tabriz and the Urmia region, a lasting presence in the province of Van, and some forts in Georgia.

* January 13 – WWI: The Battle of Wadi occurs between Allied British and Ottoman Empire forces, during the Mesopotamian campaign in modern-day Iraq.

* May 21 – Siege of Acre ends after two months: Napoleon's attempt to widen his Middle Eastern campaign into Syria is frustrated by Ottoman forces, and he withdraws to Egypt.

In 1846 the Ottoman Governor-in-chief of Jerusalem ( serasker ), Kıbrıslı Mehmed Emin Pasha, waged a campaign to subdue rebellious sheiks in the Hebron area, and while doing so, allowed his troops to sack the town.

The " bulwark of Christianity " and other slogans put forward by the papal envoy Giuliano Cesarini, together with much more reasonable but only verbal promises of Venetian and papal fleets blockading the Dardanelles Straits, along with an enticing vision of a promise of victory in this glorious crusade carried for the glory of God and against the Turks, persuaded Władysław to engage his freshly victorious forces ( long campaign ) for another season of war, thus breaching the ten-year truce with the aggressive and still powerful Ottoman Empire.

During his stay, Manuel was forced to participate in the Ottoman campaign that reduced Philadelpheia, the last Byzantine enclave in Anatolia.

Charles XII moved from Saxony into Russia to confront Peter, but the campaign ended with the destruction of the main Swedish army in Poltava ( now Ukraine ), and Charles's exile in Ottoman Bender.

The List of campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent | Ottoman campaign in Hungary in 1566, Crimean Tatars as vanguard

During Ottoman campaign in Europe ( XVI-XVII c .), " beylerbeylik " of Trabzon had always sent troops.

Undoubtedly this contributed to the failure of the Ottoman campaign.

In 1683, he launched a campaign northward into Austria in a last effort to expand the Ottoman empire after more than 150 years of war.

In 1601 the castle was besieged by the Wallachian army of Michael the Brave in his campaign to unite the Romanian-inhabited principalities of Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania against the Ottoman Empire, and to switch the Ottoman vassalage to the Habsburgs.

The symbol of the double-headed eagle was re-used by Albanian nationalists during the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a symbol of their campaign for their country's independence from the Ottoman Empire.

For the 1829 campaign on the Danube, Tsar Nicholas dismissed the ailing Wittgenstein and handed the Russian command to his more aggressive compatriot, Count von Diebitsch, who succeeded in capturing Silistra and then surprised the Ottomans with a high-speed drive for the Ottoman capital Constantinople ( Istanbul ), bypassing Shumla and routing an Ottoman army sent to intercept him.

In May and June 1915, the Ottoman Empire waged a campaign against the Armenian Christian minorities, which by some contemporary accounts looked like genocide or even a holocaust in Anatolia.

In fact, as the Ottoman Turks closed in on Constantinople, they constructed a fortification on each side of the strait, Anadoluhisarı ( 1393 ) and Rumelihisarı ( 1451 ).

Anadoluhisarı fortress was built between 1393 and 1394 as part of preparations for the Second Ottoman Siege of Constantinople, which took place in 1395.

It was built between 1393 and 1394 by the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I " The Thunderbolt " as part of his preparations for the Second Ottoman Siege of Constantinople, which took place in 1395.

Later it was annexed by the Serbs, and in 1393 it fell under the Ottoman Empire.

After the fall of Tǎrnovo to the Ottoman Turks in 1393, a number of Bulgarian clergymen sought shelter in the Russian lands and transferred the idea of the Third Rome there, which eventually resurfaced in Tver, during the reign of Boris of Tver, when the monk Foma ( Thomas ) of Tver had written The Eulogy of the Pious Grand Prince Boris Alexandrovich in 1453.

Rumelihisarı is situated at the narrowest point with 660 meters of the Bosphorus strait, just opposite of Anadoluhisarı ( Anatolian Castle ) on the Anatolian side, which is another Ottoman fortress that was built between 1393 and 1394 by Sultan Bayezid I.

The Ottoman Empire proceeded to conquer the lands of the Balkans, Thrace and Macedonia, after the Battle of Maritsa in 1371, Sofia in 1382, the then capital of Bulgaria Tarnovgrad in 1393, the northern rest after the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396, except Vidin, which fell in 1422.

In 1393 the Bulgarian tsar Ivan Shishman had lost Nicopolis — his temporary capital — to the Ottomans, while his brother, Ivan Stratsimir, still held Vidin but had been reduced to an Ottoman vassal.

In 1393 the Ottoman Turks seized the capital Tarnovo.

In the spring of 1393 the son of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I, Celebi, laid siege to the Bulgarian capital Tarnovo with his sizable forces.

After 1393, he joined an alliance consisting of the Ottoman Empire, the Golden Horde and the principality of Siwas, but Timur was campaigning in Transcaucasia, Russia and India and did not attack.

The province's Armenian population was devastated during World War I by Ottoman troops in the opening phases of the Armenian Genocide.

After the Minoan civilization was devastated by the Thera eruption, Crete developed an Ancient Greece-influenced organization of city states, then successively became part of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the Venetian Republic, the Ottoman Empire, and the modern state of Greece.

Galicia was many times subjected to incursions by Tartars and Ottoman Turkey in the 16th and 17th centuries, however they were driven out, devastated during the Khmelnytsky Uprising ( 1648 – 1654 ), the Russo-Polish War ( 1654 – 1667 ), and inconvenienced by Swedish invasions during The Deluge ( 1655 – 1660 ), and the Swedes returned during the Great Northern War of the early 18th century.

After the army left, the city was devastated in 1597 by Ottoman and Tatar raids.

After having captured and devastated the region of Podolia in the course of the Polish – Turkish War of 1672 – 1676, the Ottoman government strove to spread its rule over all of the Right-bank Ukraine with the support of its vassal ( since 1669 ), Hetman Petro Doroshenko.

A devastated Sultan Mahmud II in Constantinople was forced to turn to Muhammad Ali, ruler of the nominally Ottoman pashaluk of Egypt, for help.

The alliance naturally proved incommoding to the Austrians, who hoped that a joint Franco-Russian attack, which would probably have utterly devastated the Ottoman Empire, could be prevented by diplomacy ; but if diplomatic measures failed, the Austrian minister Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich decided that he would support the partition of the Ottoman Empire — a solution disadvantageous to Austria, but not as dangerous as a complete Russian takeover of Southeastern Europe.

In the 16th and 17th century Reghin was devastated by Habsburg and Ottoman troops on several occasions.

The principality, comprising modern Guria and much of Adjara with the city of Batumi, was subsequently reduced in size and devastated in a series of conflicts with the Ottoman Empire.

During the Crimean War an Ottoman garrison led by British officers including General William Fenwick Williams kept the Russians at bay during a protracted siege ; but after the garrison had been devastated by cholera and food supplies had depleted, the town was surrendered to General Mouravieff in November 1855.

It was devastated by the plague and numerous fires and it also had to defend itself against Ottoman and Hungarian raids.

Only after France was forced to peace and the Ottoman Empire, which in the beginning of the war had threatened even Vienna, had been defeated, did the German rulers, especially in the war devastated south west, take up the example of Versailles.

During the 17th-18th centuries, warfare between the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire devastated and depopulated much of the lands of the valley, referred to geographically as the Pannonian plain.

Despite a construction of the city walls between 1603 and 1664, Svätý Jur was devastated by the Ottoman Turks in 1663.