The Ottoman sultans, whose court was called the Sublime Porte, embellished Constantinople with many mosques, palaces, monuments, fountains, baths, aqueducts and other public buildings.

His father was Derviş Mehmed Zilli, a jeweller for the Ottoman court.

His active diplomacy featured relations with Tripoli, Egypt, and the Ottoman Empire, which sent a 200-member ambassadorial party across the desert to Aluma's court at Ngazargamu.

In 1599, the third year of Mehmed III's reign, Queen Elizabeth I sent a convoy of gifts to the Ottoman court.

The famous Flemish-French painter Jean-Baptiste van Mour visited the Ottoman Empire during the Tulip Era and crafted some of the most renowned works of art depicting scenes from daily life in the Ottoman society and the imperial court.

In a break with Ottoman tradition, Suleiman married a harem girl, Roxelana, who became Hürrem Sultan ; her intrigues as queen in the court and power over the Sultan made her quite renowned.

The cooking of Istanbul, Bursa, Izmir, and rest of the Aegean region inherits many elements of Ottoman court cuisine, with a lighter use of spices, a preference for rice over bulgur, and a wider use of seafoods.

The Old Princely Court ( Curtea Veche ) was built by Mircea Ciobanul, and under subsequent rulers, Bucharest was established as the summer residence of the court, competing with Târgoviște for the status of capital after an increase in the importance of southern Muntenia brought about by the demands of the suzerain power, the Ottoman Empire.

He was the younger brother of Giuseppe Donizetti, who had become, in 1828, Instructor General of the Imperial Ottoman Music at the court of Sultan Mahmud II ( 1808 – 1839 ).

* Ottoman forces overrun the last domains of Constantine II of Bulgaria, who dies in exile at the Serbian court ; end of the Bulgarian Empire.

Although John V had been restored, Manuel was forced to go as an honorary hostage to the court of the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I at Prousa ( Bursa ).

Hearing of his father's death in February 1391, Manuel II Palaiologos fled the Ottoman court and secured the capital against any potential claim by his nephew John VII.

An important figure in the Ottoman court was the Chief Black Eunuch ( Kızlar Ağası or Dar al-Saada Ağası ).

1296 – 1316 ): a eunuch slave who became a general in the army of Alauddin Khilji, ruler of the Delhi sultanate. European illustration of one of the " white eunuchs " of the Ottoman Sultan's court ( 1749 )

Eager to court popularity, de Martignac announced in April 1828 that, in view of the failure of diplomatic efforts, France would despatch an expeditionary force of 13, 000 elite troops to expel the Egyptian and Ottoman forces from the Peloponnese.

He was obliged to spend a year in detention at the Ottoman court where he was well treated.

But Władysław had fallen in a pitfall in front of Murad's tent and slain by the Janissary bodyguards, his head was cut off and later taken to the Ottoman court.

The other sophisticated tradition was the Persian carpet which reached its peak in the 16th and early 17th century in works like the Ardabil Carpet and Coronation Carpet ; during this century the Ottoman and Mughal courts also began to sponsor the making in their domains of large formal carpets, evidently with the involvement of designers used to the latest court style in the general Persian tradition.

Traditional Islamic furniture, except for chests, tended to be covered with cushions, with cupboards rather than cabinets for storage, but there are some pieces, including a low round ( strictly twelve-sided ) table of about 1560 from the Ottoman court, with marquetry inlays in light wood, and a single huge ceramic tile or plaque on the tabletop.

The very fine inlays typical of Ottoman court furniture may have developed from styles and techniques used in weapons and musical instruments, for which the finest craftsmanship available was used.

From the 15th century the number of smaller Islamic courts began to fall, as the Ottoman Empire, and later the Safavids and European powers, swallowed them up ; this had an effect on Islamic art, which was usually strongly led by the patronage of the court.

Ottoman court music has a large and varied system of modes or scales known as makams, and other rules of composition.

An official Ottoman Empire | Ottoman, Firman by Sultan Selim III appointing François Pouqueville as the representative of France in the court of Ali Pasha | Ali Pacha of Janina.

In the Ottoman Empire, the harem was that part of a house set apart for the women of the family.

This type of harem music was taken out of the sultan's private living quarters and to the public by male street entertainers and hired dancers of the Ottoman Empire, the male rakkas.

She sent her youngest daughter, Olivera, to join the harem of Sultan Bayezid I. Vuk Branković became an Ottoman vassal in 1392.

The last Ottoman sultan, Mehmet VI Vahidettin ( 1918 – 22 ) was aged 56 when he came to the throne and had been either in the harem or the Cage for the whole of his life.

In fact, by raiding an Ottoman convoy en route from Alexandria to Constantinople in 1644 and capturing part of the sultan's harem, they could be said to have precipitated the crisis.

A köçek dance in the Ottoman seraglio ( palace harem ) involved one or two dozen köçeks and many musicians.

Some women of Ottoman harem, especially wives, mothers and sisters of sultans played very important political roles in Ottoman history, and in times it was said that the empire was ruled from harem.

A centuries-old theme in Western culture is the depiction of European women forcibly taken into Oriental harems – evident for example in the Mozart opera Die Entführung aus dem Serail (" The Abduction from the Seraglio ") concerning the attempt of the hero Belmonte to rescue his beloved Konstanze from the seraglio / harem of the Pasha Selim ; or in Voltaire's Candide, in chapter 12 of which the old woman relates her experiences of being sold into harems across the Ottoman Empire.

She was captured when the Turks conquered the Cyclades island of Páros, where she was born, during the 1537 war, abducted from there and taken to the royal harem of Ottoman Prince Selim II in Istanbul, where she was renamed " Afife Nûr-Banû ".

The battle was an amazing victory for Austria ; at the cost of 500 men they had inflicted the loss of 30, 000 men and captured the sultan's harem, 87 cannons, the royal treasure chest and the state seal of the Ottoman Empire.

Apart from overseeing the training of the European-style military bands of Mahmud ’ s modern army, he taught music at the palace to the members of the Ottoman royal family, the princes and the ladies of the harem, is believed to have composed the first national anthem of the Ottoman Empire, supported the annual Italian opera season in Pera, organised concerts and operatic performances at court, and played host to a number of eminent virtuosi who visited Istanbul at the time, such as Franz Liszt, Parish Alvars and Leopold de Meyer.

Notable examples of bodyguards include the Roman Praetorian Guard or the Ottoman Janissaries — though, in both cases, the protectors sometimes became assassins themselves, exploiting their power to make the head of state a virtual hostage or killing the very leaders they were supposed to protect.

But in her effort to win Bulgaria for the Central Powers, and seeing the inevitability of Ottoman disintegration, was toying with the idea of replacing the Balkan area of the Ottomans with a friendly Greater Bulgaria in her San Stefano borders — an idea that was based on the German origin of the Bulgarian King and his anti-Russian sentiments.

A series of coordinated attacks by these Egyptian Expeditionary Force infantry and mounted troops were also successful at the Battle of Mughar Ridge, during which the British infantry divisions and the Desert Mounted Corps drove two Ottoman armies back to the Jaffa — Jerusalem line.

Following the Ottoman Empire's defeat in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828 – 29, in 1833 Russia pressured the Ottomans to sign the Treaty of Hunkiar Iskelesi — which required the straits to be closed to warships of non-Black Sea powers at Russia's request.

Over a 75 year period the Ottoman Turks provided 33 governors and Libya remained part of the empire — although at times virtually autonomous — until Italy invaded it in 1911 in the Italo-Turkish War, as the Ottoman Empire was collapsing.

The Albanians, because of the higher degree of Islamic influence, their internal social divisions, and the fear that they would lose their Albanian-populated lands to the emerging Balkan states — Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece — were the last of the Balkan peoples to desire division from the Ottoman Empire.

Russia, however, expected that, in exchange for supplying the troops for the Holy Alliance to serve as the policeman of Europe, should be that Europe would leave Russia a free hand in dealing with the Ottoman Empire — the " sick man of Europe.

In the 1870s, Ottoman officials were reasserting their presence in the Persian Gulf, with a military intervention in 1871 — which was not effectively pursued — where family rivalries in Kuwait and Qatar were breeding chaos.

Known as " Ofioussa " ( having snakes ) and " Pityoussa " ( having pine trees ) in antiquity, during the medieval age the island was ruled by a number of external powers and has also been known as Scio ( Genoese ), Chio ( Italian ) and Sakız ( صاقيز — Ottoman Turkish ).

The Anatolian states that had been constantly plotting against him — Aydinids, Germiyanids, Menteshe and Teke — were annexed and henceforth became part of the Ottoman Empire.

This even applies to quatrains that contain specific dates, such as III. 77, which predicts ' in 1727, in October, the king of Persia be captured by those of Egypt ' — a prophecy that has, as ever, been interpreted retrospectively in the light of later events, in this case as though it presaged the known peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Persia of that year.

During this period threats to the Ottoman Empire were presented by the traditional foe — the Austrian Empire — as well as by a new foe — the rising Russian Empire.

To the west, the influence of Ottoman Turkish — the variety of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire — spread as the Ottoman Empire expanded.