In the Pyramid Texts and Coffin Texts it is revealed the ancient Egyptians believed Nun ( the Ocean ) was a circular body surrounding nbwt ( a term meaning " dry lands " or " Islands ") and therefore believed in a similar Ancient Near Eastern circular earth cosmography surrounded by water.

Most information we have on the myths of Osiris is derived from allusions contained in the Pyramid Texts at the end of the Fifth Dynasty, later New Kingdom source documents such as the Shabaka Stone and the Contending of Horus and Seth, and much later, in narrative style from the writings of Greek authors including Plutarch and Diodorus Siculus.

The Pyramid Texts describe early conceptions of an afterlife in terms of eternal travelling with the sun god amongst the stars.

However, if the ka was not properly prepared, this journey could be fraught with dangerous pitfalls and strange demons ; hence some of the earliest religious texts discovered, such as the Papyrus of Ani ( commonly known as The Book of the Dead ) and the Pyramid Texts were actually written as guides to help the deceased successfully navigate the duat.

Thus she had a funerary association, her name appearing over eighty times in the pharaoh's funeral texts ( the Pyramid Texts ).

The Pyramid Texts in the Pyramid of Teti

The earliest mentions of the Osiris myth are in the Pyramid Texts, the first Egyptian funerary texts, which appeared on the walls of burial chambers in pyramids at the end of the Fifth Dynasty, during the 25th century BC.

Major elements of the story, such as the death and restoration of Osiris and the strife between Horus and Set, appear in the utterances of the Pyramid Texts.

The same elements from the myth that appear in the Pyramid Texts recur in funerary texts written in later times, such as the Coffin Texts from the Middle Kingdom ( c. 2055 – 1650 BC ) and the Book of the Dead from the New Kingdom ( c. 1550 – 1070 BC ).

According to a spell in the Pyramid Texts, Set is taking revenge for a kick Osiris gave him, whereas in a Late Period text, Set's grievance is that Osiris had sex with Nephthys, who is Set's consort and the fourth child of Geb and Nut.

Both perspectives appear as early as the Pyramid Texts, the earliest source of the myth.

As the Osiris myth first appears in the Pyramid Texts, most of its essential features must have taken shape sometime before the texts were written.

If so, they must have begun to coalesce into a single story by the time of the Pyramid Texts, which loosely connect those segments.

The two stories were joined into the single Osiris myth sometime before the writing of the Pyramid Texts.

From at least the time of the Pyramid Texts, kings hoped that after their deaths they could emulate Osiris ' restoration to life and his rule over the realm of the dead.

The oldest extant Egyptian literature are the Pyramid Texts: the mythology and rituals carved around the tombs of rulers.

In time, the Pyramid Texts became Coffin Texts ( perhaps after the end of the Old Kingdom ), and finally the mortuary literature produced its masterpiece, the Book of the Dead, during the New Kingdom.

The myth of Set's conflict with Horus, Osiris, and Isis appears in many Egyptian sources, including the Pyramid Texts, the Coffin Texts, the Shabaka Stone, inscriptions on the walls of the temple of Horus at Edfu, and various papyrus sources.

" The Pyramid Texts present the pharaoh as a fusion of the two deities.

Some of these games, such as Pyramid from Battlestar Galactica, become real card games as the holder of the intellectual property develops and markets a suitable deck and ruleset for the game, while others, such as " Exploding Snap " from the Harry Potter franchise, lack sufficient descriptions of rules, or depend on cards or other hardware that are infeasible or physically impossible.

Great Pyramid of Giza from a 19th century stereopticon card photo

The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated 2. 3 million limestone blocks with most believed to have been transported from nearby quarries.

It is estimated that 5. 5 million tons of limestone, 8, 000 tons of granite ( imported from Aswan ), and 500, 000 tons of mortar were used in the construction of the Great Pyramid.

Nevertheless, a few of the casing stones from the lowest course can be seen to this day in situ around the base of the Great Pyramid, and display the same workmanship and precision as has been reported for centuries.

Without the use of pulleys, wheels, or iron tools, they used critical path analysis to suggest the Great Pyramid was completed from start to finish in approximately 10 years.

The Pyramid Temple, which stood on the east side of the pyramid and measured north to south and east to west, has almost entirely disappeared apart from the black basalt paving.

Well known cinematic movies, which deal with Khufu or at least have the Great Pyramid as a theme, are Howard Hawks ' Land of the Pharaohs from 1955, a fictional account of the building of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, and Roland Emmerich ´ s Stargate from 1994, in which an extraterrestrial device is found near the pyramids.

" The mostly ruined Black Pyramid dating from the reign of Amenemhat III once had a polished granite pyramidion or capstone, now on display in the main hall of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo ( see Dahshur ).

The Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World ; its outside cover is made entirely from limestone.

Teotihuacan view of the Avenue of the Dead and the Pyramid of the Sun, from the Pyramid of the Moon.

* The 32-story Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee ( a city named after the ancient Egyptian capital whose name itself was derived from the name of one of its pyramids ).

Two years later in Paris he repeated the proposal, listing the stone as one of several key items belonging to Egypt's cultural heritage, a list which also included the iconic bust of Nefertiti in the Egyptian Museum of Berlin ; a statue of the Great Pyramid architect Hemiunu in the Roemer-und-Pelizaeus-Museum in Hildesheim, Germany ; the Dendara Temple Zodiac in the Louvre in Paris ; and the bust of Ankhhaf from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

For example, the title of the first book, The Eye in the Pyramid, refers to the Eye of Providence, a mystical symbol which derives from the ancient Egyptian Eye of Horus and is rumored to be the symbol of the Bavarian Illuminati.

In the present day, Langford's daughter Catherine offers Egyptologist Daniel Jackson, a down-on-his-luck linguistics professor, the chance to translate ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs that may prove his controversial theory regarding the Pyramid of Khufu.

In 2010, a robot discovered a long arch-roofed passageway underneath the Pyramid of Quetzalcoatl which stands in the ancient city of Teotihuacan north of Mexico City, dated to around 200 AD.

Emmer had a special place in ancient Egypt, where it was the main wheat cultivated in Pharaonic times, although cultivated einkorn wheat was grown in great abundance during the Third Dynasty, and large quantities of it were found preserved, along with cultivated emmer wheat and barleys, in the subterranean chambers beneath the Step Pyramid at Saqqara.

According to carbon-14 dates, it is more than five hundred years older than the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, and predates Stonehenge by about a thousand years, as well as predating the Mycenaean culture of ancient Greece.

The ' Pyramid of the Niches ', a masterpiece of ancient Mexican and American architecture, reveals the astronomical and symbolic significance of the buildings .” The site is one of the most important in Mexico and the most important in the state of Veracruz.

Aleksey Shchusev's diminutive but monumental granite structure incorporates some elements from ancient mausoleums, such as the Step Pyramid and the Tomb of Cyrus the Great.

As the duel proceeded, however, it was revealed that Kaiba had been used as a puppet for the ancient Egyptian sorcerer, Anubis, who had placed the Pyramid of Light card in Pegasus's deck.

Pyramid power refers to alleged supernatural or paranormal properties of the ancient Egyptian pyramids and objects of similar shape.

The Bent Pyramid is an ancient Egyptian pyramid located at the royal necropolis of Dahshur, approximately 40 kilometres south of Cairo, built under the Old Kingdom Pharaoh Sneferu ( c. 2600 BC ).

The ancient formal name of the Bent Pyramid is generally translated as ( The )- Southern-Shining-Pyramid, or Sneferu -( is )- Shining-in-the-South.

The Pyramid of Cestius ( in Italian, Piramide di Caio Cestio or Piramide Cestia ) is an ancient pyramid in Rome, Italy, near the Porta San Paolo and the Protestant Cemetery.

Pyramid ... the last remaining wonder of the ancient world.

In Studies in Comparative Religion ( Winter 1974 ), it is said that according to the Armenian book Merkhavat, the Sarmoung Brotherhood, also referred to as the ' Inner Circle of Humanity ', originated in ancient Babylon circa 2500 BC, at around the time the Egyptians built the Great Pyramid of Giza.

The Pyramid Texts are a collection of ancient Egyptian religious texts from the time of the Old Kingdom.

The opening of the mouth ceremony ( or ritual ) was an ancient Egyptian ritual described in funerary texts such as the Pyramid Texts.

The Pyramid of Khafre, also known as the Pyramid of Chefren, is the second-largest of the ancient Egyptian Pyramids of Giza and the tomb of the fourth-dynasty pharaoh Khafre ( Chefren ).

The pyramids, which have always loomed large as emblems of ancient Egypt in the Western imagination, were popularised in Hellenistic times, when the Great Pyramid was listed by Antipater of Sidon as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

When an ancient astrological conjunction occurs ( called the Millennial Constellation ), and the armour, together with the amulet, is placed on Horus ’ s statue within his temple under the Great Pyramid of Giza, the god can be summoned and imprison Set once again.

Several proponents of ancient astronauts claim that the Great Pyramid of Giza was constructed by extraterrestrial beings, or influenced by them ( e. g. through their advanced technology ).

According to Eric Von Daniken, the Great Pyramid has advanced numerological properties which could not have been known to the ancient Egyptians and so must have been passed down by extraterrestrials: "... the height of the pyramid of Cheops, multiplied by a thousand million — 98000000 miles — corresponds approximately to the distance between the Earth and the sun ".