The dominant usage of the word Renaissance refers to the cultural changes that occurred in Italy that culminated in the High Renaissance around 1500.

* 1980-The national economic malaise of the 1970s culminated in Detroit hosting the Republican National Convention which nominated Ronald Reagan who stayed at the Renaissance Center while in Detroit.

When Professor William Lyon Phelps, ' 87, commenced his teaching during the 1890s, he began a literary Renaissance that culminated in his sponsorship of the Dramatic Association, founded by Henry D. Wescott, Class of 1901, as a club for students interested in public performances of plays.

While Renaissance artists sought nature to find their style, the Mannerists looked first for a style and found a manner. In Mannerist paintings, compositions can have no focal point, space can be ambiguous, figures can be characterized by an athletic bending and twisting with distortions, exaggerations, an elastic elongation of the limbs, bizarre posturing on one hand, graceful posturing on the other hand, and a rendering of the heads as uniformly small and oval.

André Malraux explains that the notion of beauty was connected to a particular conception of art that arose with the Renaissance and was still dominant in the eighteenth century ( but was supplanted later ).

In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.

The church of the Assumption, with a marble portal from 1548, has a Renaissance style interior.

Notable are the parts, still largely roofed, built by the Earls of Morton, with refined Renaissance detail, in the second half of the 16th century.

The book closes abruptly () with an epistolary warning based on the emblematic trope of a fast growing vine present in Persian narratives, and popularized in certain collections of Aesop's fables such as The Gourd and the Palm-tree during the Renaissance, for example by Andrea Alciato.

During the Renaissance and the Baroque, visible brick walls were unpopular and the brickwork was often covered with plaster.

During the Renaissance, together with the rest of mathematics and the sciences, combinatorics enjoyed a rebirth.

Columbia alumni have made an indelible mark in the field of American poetry and literature, with such people as Jack Kerouac, one of the pioneers of the Beat Generation, and Langston Hughes, a seminal figure in the Harlem Renaissance, having both attended the university.

Commentary on the appropriateness of the orders for temples devoted to particular deities ( Vitruvius I. 2. 5 ) were elaborated by Renaissance theorists, with Doric characterized as bold and manly, Ionic as matronly, and Corinthian as maidenly.

The unease and self-deception that characterized that period of colonial history would be revisited in many forms at political and social moments of crisis ( such as the Salem witch trials, which coincided with frontier warfare and economic competition among Indians and French and other European settlers ) and during lengthy periods of cultural definition ( such as the American Renaissance of the late 18th-and early 19th-century literary, visual, and architectural movements, which sought to capitalize on unique American identities ).

There are 83 known manuscripts of the work from the late medieval and early Renaissance period, more than any other vernacular literary text with the exception of The Prick of Conscience.

There are 83 known manuscripts of the work from the late medieval and early Renaissance period, more than any other vernacular literary text with the exception of The Prick of Conscience.

Not all Medieval writers are so at odds with the Virgilian standard, and with the rediscovery of classical literature later Medieval and Renaissance writers are far more orthodox, but by then the form had become an academic exercise.

In the Renaissance period the Italian doors are quite simple, their architects trusting more to the doorways for effect ; but in France and Germany the contrary is the case, the doors being elaborately carved, especially in the Louis XIV and Louis XV periods, and sometimes with architectural features such as columns and entablatures with pediment and niches, the doorway being in plain masonry.

At the same time the Order found itself face to face with the Renaissance.

It struggled against pagan tendencies in Renaissance humanism, in Italy through Dominici and Savonarola, in Germany through the theologians of Cologne but it also furnished humanism with such advanced writers as Francesco Colonna ( probably the writer of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili ) and Matteo Bandello.

Single-two steps in any direction closing feet on the second step ( the second step tends to be interpreted as a closing action in which weight usually stays on the same foot as before, consistent with descriptions from Renaissance sources ).

* Vulgar Latin and Late Latin among the uneducated and educated populations respectively of the Roman empire and the states that followed it in the same range no later than 900 AD ; medieval Latin and Renaissance Latin among the educated populations of western, northern, central and part of eastern Europe until the rise of the national languages in that range, beginning with the first language academy in Italy in 1582 / 83 ; new Latin written only in scholarly and scientific contexts by a small minority of the educated population at scattered locations over all of Europe ; ecclesiastical Latin, in spoken and written contexts of liturgy and church administration only, over the range of the Roman Catholic Church.

The present main structure was designed in French Renaissance Revival style and built of red brick with limestone trim.

He introduced many Renaissance fashions to court, and presented Elizabeth with perfumed, decorated gloves.

The fresco technique has been employed since antiquity and is closely associated with Italian Renaissance painting.

) Renaissance and Baroque guitars are easily distinguished because the Renaissance guitar is very plain and the Baroque guitar is very ornate, with ivory or wood inlays all over the neck and body, and a paper-cutout inverted " wedding cake " inside the hole.

The works of Petrarch first displayed the new interest in the intellectual values of the Classical world in the early 14th century and the romance of this era as rediscovered in the Renaissance period can be seen expressed by Boccaccio.

Interest in the history of these events was revived during the English Renaissance and led to a resurgence of Boudica's legendary fame during the Victorian era, when Queen Victoria was portrayed as her ' namesake '.

The Miserere is one of the most often-recorded examples of late Renaissance music, although it was actually written during the chronological confines of the Baroque era ; in this regard it is representative of the music of the Roman School of composers, who were stylistically conservative.

From the Modern era, the Middle Ages through the Renaissance painters worked for the church and a wealthy aristocracy.

By the end of the Renaissance the number of courses had grown to ten, and during the Baroque era the number continued to grow until it reached 14 ( and occasionally as many as 19 ).

Establishing the end of the mediaeval era and the beginning of the Renaissance is difficult ; the usage in this article is the one usually adopted by musicologists.

In Renaissance Europe, the arrival of mechanical movable type printing introduced the era of mass communication which permanently altered the structure of society: The relatively unrestricted circulation of information and ( revolutionary ) ideas transcended borders, captured the masses in the Reformation and threatened the power of political and religious authorities ; the sharp increase in literacy broke the monopoly of the literate elite on education and learning and bolstered the emerging middle class.

The Renaissance art of Europe was a melding of the art of Classical era and Islamic art.

By the 17th century the influence of Renaissance painting resulted in Russian icons becoming slightly more realistic, while still following most of the old icon painting canons, as seen in the works of Bogdan Saltanov, Simon Ushakov, Gury Nikitin, Karp Zolotaryov and other Russian artists of the era.

Consensus among music historians – with notable dissent – has been to start the era around 1400, with the end of the medieval era, and close it around 1600, with the beginning of the Baroque period, therefore commencing the musical Renaissance about a hundred years after the beginning of the Renaissance as understood in other disciplines.

From the Renaissance era both secular and sacred music survives in quantity, and both vocal and instrumental.

In the late 16th century, as the Renaissance era closed, an extremely manneristic style developed.

In late medieval and Renaissance era European swords, a flap of leather called the chappe or rain guard was attached to a sword's crossguard at the base of the hilt, which serves to protect the mouth of the scabbard and prevent water from entering.

His son Francesco I Sforza ruled Milan for the first half of the Renaissance era, acquiring the title of Duke of Milan from the extinct Visconti family in 1447.

According to traditional accounts, the scientific revolution began in Europe towards the end of the Renaissance era and continued through the late 18th century, the later period known as The Enlightenment.

This era was known as the Disney Renaissance.

* September 2 – Parliament orders the theatres of London closed, effectively ending the era of English Renaissance theatre.

The golden era of the University of Kraków took place during the Polish Renaissance, between 1500 and 1535, when it was attended by 3, 215 students in the first decade of the 16th century.

) Through much of the modern era, it was thought that play texts were popular items among Renaissance readers that provided healthy profits for the stationers who printed and sold them.

" Whatever the concepts were, the architecture is an excellent and rare example of a thirty-year era when English architecture was in a harmonious transition from domestic Tudor, strongly influenced by perpendicular Gothic, to the Italian Renaissance classical style.

It was in use throughout the eastern Mediterranean as the language of commerce and diplomacy in and around the Renaissance era.