* 357 – Battle of Strasbourg: Julian, Caesar ( deputy emperor ) and supreme commander of the Roman army in Gaul, wins an important victory against the Alemanni at Strasbourg ( Argentoratum ).

Honorius, however, refused to appoint Alaric as the commander of the Western Roman Army, and in 409 the Visigoths again surrounded Rome.

According to Edward Gibbon in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, during the shifting of offices that took place at the beginning of the new reigns, Alaric apparently hoped he would be promoted from a mere commander to the rank of general in one of the regular armies.

Paul is rescued from the mob by a Roman commander () and accused of being a revolutionary, " ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes ", teaching resurrection of the dead, and thus imprisoned in Caesarea ().

Statue of Augustus in the garb of Roman imperator ( military supreme commander ).

In the early Roman Republic, 24 men at the age of around 20 were elected by the Tribal Assembly to serve as a commander in the legions, with six tribunes to each and command rotating among them.

Caractacus lived out his days on land provided by the Roman state, an unusual end for an enemy commander.

In 109 BC, they defeated a Roman army under the consul Marcus Junius Silanus, who was the commander of Gallia Narbonensis.

Desperate measures were taken: contrary to the Roman constitution, Gaius Marius, who had defeated Jugurtha, was elected consul and supreme commander for five years in a row ( 104-100 BC ).

The Roman commander Arrian ( ca.

Born to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become cavalry commander to the Emperor Carus.

As a military commander, Vespasian gained early renown by participating in the Roman invasion of Britain in 43.

In the Roman Republic Imperator meant "( military ) commander ".

In the late Republic, as in the early years of the new monarchy, Imperator was a title granted to Roman generals by their troops and the Roman Senate after a great victory, roughly comparable to field marshal ( head or commander of the entire army ).

Upon the death of Deiotarus, the Kingdom of Galatia was given to Amyntas, an auxiliary commander in the Roman army of Brutus and Cassius who gained the favor of Mark Antony.

The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as Germania, thus distinguishing it from Gaul ( France ), which he had conquered.

The onslaught of Hannibal's cavalry was irresistible, and Maharbal, Hannibal's chief cavalry commander, who led the mobile Numidian cavalry on the right, shattered the Roman cavalry opposing them.

* 455 – Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.

* 38 BC – Nero Claudius Drusus, Roman politician and military commander

Despite having received no military education, Julian proved to be an able military commander, obtaining an battle of Strasbourg | important victory in Gaul and leading a Roman army under the walls of the Sassanid Empire's capital.

" was conceited, not only about his own learning but also about the opinions held of him as commander both by the Galileans and by the Romans ; he was guilty of shocking duplicity at Jotapata, saving himself by sacrifice of his companions ; he was too naive to see how he stood condemned out of his own mouth for his conduct, and yet no words were too harsh when he was blackening his opponents ; and after landing, however involuntarily, in the Roman camp, he turned his captivity to his own advantage, and benefitted for the rest of his days from his change of side.

In 527, the first year of Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I's reign, he became the adsessor ( legal adviser ) for Belisarius, Justinian's chief military commander who was then beginning a brilliant career.

A first issue for dispute was that the initial treaty, agreed upon by Hamilcar Barca and the Roman commander in Sicily, had a clause stipulating that the Roman popular assembly had to accept the treaty in order for it to be valid.

Alexis was known in Roman times ; Aulus Gellius noted that Alexis ' poetry was used by Roman comedians, including Turpilius and possibly Plautus.

The first “ Classic ” writer was Aulus Gellius, a 2nd-century Roman writer who, in the miscellany Noctes Atticae ( 19, 8, 15 ), refers to a writer as a Classicus scriptor, non proletarius (“ A distinguished, not a commonplace writer ”).

* Aulus Atilius Calatinus, Roman dictator

The Roman force, led by Aulus Plautius, then halted as Plautius sent for Claudius to come and finish the campaign.

In 43, Vespasian and the II Augusta participated in the Roman invasion of Britain, and he distinguished himself under the overall command of Aulus Plautius.

* Aulus Gellius, Roman author

* Aulus Cremutius Cordus, Roman historian

* Aulus Persius Flaccus, Roman poet

* Aulus Persius Flaccus, Roman poet

The Roman medical treatise De Medicina by Aulus Cornelius Celsus contained a description of lithotomy, and this work served as the basis for this procedure until the 18th century.

* Mithridates III, claimant to the throne of Parthia, supported by Aulus Gabinius, Roman governor of Syria, is defeated by Surena, general under Orodes, in the Battle of Seleucia.

* Cicero delivers his Pro Archia Poeta in defense of Aulus Licinius Archias ' claim to Roman citizenship.

* Aulus Hirtius, Roman politician and historian ( d. 43 BC )

* Aulus Sempronius Asellio, Roman praetor ( murdered by creditors )

Ancient Greek and Roman medical texts by Hippocrates, Theophrastus, Aulus Cornelius Celsus, Pedanius Dioscorides, and Pliny the Elder discussed the use of opium and Solanum species.

* Jugurtha king of Numidia defeats a Roman army under Aulus Postumius Albinus.

Regardless of the cause, she did until Ptolemy Auletes returned in 55 BC, with Roman support, capturing Alexandria aided by Roman general Aulus Gabinius.

In 50 BC Cleopatra came into a serious conflict with the Gabiniani, powerful Roman troops of Aulus Gabinius who had left them in Egypt to protect Ptolemy XII after his restoration to the throne in 55 BC.

* In Thessaly, King Perseus of Macedon repulses a Roman army which is commanded by Aulus Hostilius Mancinus.

Aulus Atilius Calatinus is then elected dictator and leads an army into Sicily, becoming the first dictator to lead a Roman army outside Italy.

* A Roman army led by consuls Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina and Aulus Atilius Caiatinus capture Panormus in Sicily.

This attack caused such panic in Rome that Pompey the Great arranged for the tribune Aulus Gabinius to rise in the Roman Forum and propose a law, the Lex Gabinia, to allow Pompey to raise an army and destroy the pirates.

He stated that, “ only those spoils are ‘ opima ’ which are taken first, in a pitched battle, where general slays general .” Only two others in Roman history, Romulus, the founder of Rome, and Aulus Cornelius Cossus, were allegedly honored with this prize.