The Shiji states that the neighboring Qi state was worried that Lu was becoming too powerful while Confucius was involved in the government of the Lu state.

) A calendar using this new year is often referred to as " the Xia Calendar " ( 夏曆 / 夏历 ), following the Shiji which states that under the Xia Dynasty, the year began on the second new moon after the winter solstice.

The Spring and Autumn Annals states that Sun Tzu was born in Qi, while the later Records of the Grand Historian ( Shiji ) states that Sun Tzu was a native of Wu.

The Shiji relates that " the emperor learned of the Dayuan, Daxia, Anxi, and the others, all great states rich in unusual products whose people cultivated the land and made their living in much the same way as the Chinese.

Another 8th-century chronicle, True Meaning of Shiji ( 史記正義 ), however, states that the Chinese Empress Wu Zetian ordered a Japanese envoy to change the country's name to Nippon.

One of the more well-known stories about Sun Tzu, taken from Shiji, illustrates Sun Tzu's temperament as follows: Before hiring Sun Tzu, the King of Wu tested Sun Tzu's skills by commanding him to train a harem of 180 concubines into soldiers.

Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian ( Shiji ; ca 100 BCE ) was one of the earliest works to claim that Jizi was enfeoffed by King Wu of Zhou as ruler of Chaoxian (= Joseon ).

In a similar story recorded in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian ( or Shiji, compiled between 109 and 91 BC ), Jizi was enfeoffed by King Wu but did not become his subject.

However, Chinese histories since ancient works such as Shiji were also fairly liberal in terming local tribal chiefs as " king " of a particular territory ranging from vast to tiny, using convenient terms of the form "( locality )" + "( king )" such as Changshawang, " King of Changsha " which was briefly recognized as a kingdom but was usually a smaller part of Chu state or just a county of the Sui Dynasty state, or phrases such as Yiwang, " Yi ( Eastern ) Foreign (' barbarian ') king ( s )," while in other cases or by other authors other terms such as, " native chief " might be used for the same office.

After the death of King Zhaoxiang, Anguo was enthroned as King Xiaowen of Qin, but he died after a reign of only three months ( the Shiji mentions the possibility of Lü poisoning him ).

The Shu was mentioned in Shiji as one of the allies of King Wu of Zhou who helped defeated the Shang in 1046BC at the Battle of Muye.

The existence of the early Kingdom of Shu was poorly recorded in the main historical records of China, it was however referred to in the Han Dynasty text Shiji by Sima Qian as an ally of the Zhou who defeated the Shang.

According to Shiji, the Han family was descended from the Zhou kings.

References to a Shu kingdom that can be reliably dated to such an early period in Chinese historical records are scant ( they were mentioned in Shiji as an ally of the Zhou who defeated the Shang ), but accounts of the legendary kings of Shu may be found in local annals.

Shiji 110 / Hanshu 94A: The Xiongnu: Synopsis of Chinese original Text and several Western Translations with Extant Annotations.

The word first came into common usage in the late 18th century with the publication of such works as Santō Kyōden's picturebook Shiji no yukikai ( 1798 ), and in the early 19th century with such works as Aikawa Minwa's Manga hyakujo ( 1814 ) and the celebrated Hokusai Manga books ( 1814 – 1834 ) containing assorted drawings from the sketchbooks of the famous ukiyo-e artist Hokusai.

Sima's Shiji is respected as a model of biographical literature with high literary value and still stands as a " textbook " for the study of classical Chinese.

Shiji 110 / Hanshu 94A: The Xiongnu: Synopsis of Chinese original Text and several Western Translations with Extant Annotations.

Sima Qian, in his most famous work, Shiji, completed a century after the mausoleum completion, wrote that the First Emperor was buried with palaces, towers, officials, valuable artefacts and wonderful objects.

Sima Qian begins Shiji with an account of the five rulers of supreme virtue, the Five Emperors who modern scholars, such as those from the Doubting Antiquity School, believe to be originally local deities of the peoples of ancient China.

Shiji 110 / Hanshu 94A: The Xiongnu: Synopsis of Chinese original Text and several Western Translations with Extant Annotations.

Caijing has already lost one trial with Shiji Xinyuan ( 世纪星源 ), a listed company, following this judicial line of reasoning.

The Shiji says Lü had a beautiful " dancing girl " in his household, with whom Chu became so infatuated that he asked for her.

Li Mi's general Xu Shiji, who controlled a major part of Li Mi's former territory, also submitted, and Emperor Gaozu, impressed with Xu's faithfulness to Li Mi, bestowed the imperial surname of Li on Xu.

In 620, Li Shiji, in association with another Tang general who surrendered to Dou, Li Shanghu ( 李商胡 ), plotted to ambush Dou, but the plot was discovered ; Li Shanghu was killed, and Li Shiji fled back to Tang.

“ The Son of Heaven on hearing all this reasoned thus: Ferghana ( Dayuan ) and the possessions of Bactria and Parthia are large countries, full of rare things, with a population living in fixed abodes and given to occupations somewhat identical with those of the Chinese people, but with weak armies, and placing great value on the rich produce of China ” ( Shiji, 123 )

Zhǐ in the books Sima Qian's Shiji, Hanshu ,... is written with the fù set ( 阯 ).

Shiji 110 / Hanshu 94A: The Xiongnu: Synopsis of Chinese original Text and several Western Translations with Extant Annotations.

Sima Qian noted in Shiji that Huo Qubing refused to share his food with his soldiers when their provisions were low, and also regularly ordered his troops to dig up football fields for his personal amusement.

The Shiji mentions the " Qilian mountains " together with Dunhuang as the homeland of the Yuezhi.

Li, after initially considering fleeing to join forces with his general Xu Shiji -- a friend of Zhai Rang's, ultimately decided to flee west instead to Tang territory to submit to Emperor Gaozu of Tang.

According to record from Shiji and Hanshu, the battle was so swift and one-sided that the Han forces " returned with all warriors intact " ( 全甲兵而還 ), implying a near-zero casualty rate.

As some of them were also Confucian scholars, Fusu counselled that, with the country newly unified, and enemies still not pacified, such a harsh measure imposed on those who respect Confucius would cause instability .< ref > In Chinese: " 於是使御史悉案問諸生 ， 諸生傳相告引 ， 乃自除 。< sup > 1 </ sup > 犯禁者四百六十餘人 ， 皆阬之咸陽 ， 使天下知之 ， 以懲後 。 益發謫徙邊 。 始皇長子扶蘇諫曰 ：「 天下初定 ， 遠方黔首未集 ， 諸生皆誦法孔子 ， 今上皆重法繩之 ， 臣恐天下不安 。 唯上察之 。」", from Shiji chapter 6.

According to accounts in the Zuo Zhuan and Shiji, Confucius departed his homeland in 497 BC after his support to the failed attempt of dismantling the fortified city walls of the powerful Ji, Meng, and Shu families.

The coup participants also killed a number of high level officials and relatives of Emperor Yang, including Emperor Yang's brother Yang Xiu and his sons, son Yang Jian and his sons, grandson Yang Tan the Prince of Yan, Yu Shiji, Pei Yun, Lai Hu ' er, Yuan Chong ( 袁充 ), Yuwen Xie ( 宇文協 ), Yuwen Jiong ( 宇文皛 ), and Xiao Ju ( 蕭鉅 ) the Duke of Liang ( Empress Xiao's nephew ).

With joint attacks by Silla and Tang armies under commander Li Shiji ( 594 – 669 ), the Kingdom of Goguryeo was destroyed by 668.

The Xia Dynasty was described in classic texts such as the Classic of History ( Shujing ), the Bamboo Annals, and the Records of the Grand Historian ( Shiji ) by Sima Qian.

Shiji claims that Sun Tzu later proved on the battlefield that his theories were effective ( for example, in the Battle of Boju ), that he had a successful military career, and that he wrote The Art of War based on his tested expertise.

Although court records and other independent records existed beforehand, the definitive work in early Chinese historical writing was the Shiji ( 史記 / 史记 ), written by the Han Dynasty court historian Sima Qian ( 145 BCE-90 BCE ).

145 or 135 BCE – 86 BCE ), author of Shiji, which suggests the caveat that while many works now considered intentional or unintentional speculative fiction existed before the coining of the genre term, its concept in its broadest sense captures both a conscious and unconscious aspect of human psychology in making sense of the world, reacting to it, and creating imaginary, inventive, and artistic expressions, some of which underlie practical progress through interpersonal influences, social and cultural movements, scientific research and advances, and philosophy of science.

According to the Shiji ( c. 123 ) and the Hanshu ( c. 96 ), a daughter from the Han prince, Liu Jian, was sent to the ruler ( kunmo or kunmi ) of the Wusun between 110 BCE and 105 BCE.

In Siku Quanshu (; c. 618-907 AD ), Sima Zhen provides commentary on the prologue chapter to Sima Qian's Shiji, " Supplemental to the Historic Record: History of the Three August Ones ," wherein it is found that the Three August Ones are Nüwa, Fu Xi, and Shennong ; Fu Xi and Nüwa have the same last name, Feng ().

In Shiji it was called Yan Ze ( 鹽澤, literally Salt Marsh ), indicating its saline nature, and was located next to the ancient Loulan Kingdom.

According to the eighth century CE historian Sima Zhen's commentary to the second century BCE Shiji ( or, Records of the Grand Historian ), Shennong is a kinsman of the Yellow Emperor and is said to be an ancestor, or a patriarch, of the ancient forebears of the Chinese.

Sima Zhen, who added a prologue for the Shiji, said his surname was Jiang ( 姜 ), and proceeded to list his successors.

“ The capital of the kingdom of Dayuan is the city of Guishan ( Khujand ), distant from Chang ' an 12, 550 li ( Shiji, 123 calls the capital Ershi ).

To the south of them there is Daxia ( Bactrians ), to the west, Anxis ( Parthians ); to the north Kangju ( Sogdians ).” ( Shiji, 123. 5b )

“ Thus more embassies were dispatched to An-si ( Parthia ), An-ts ' ai ( the Aorsi, or Alans ), Li-kan ( Syria under the Seleucids ), T ' iau-chi ( Chaldea ), and Shon-tu ( India )... As a rule, rather more than ten such missions went forward in the course of a year, and at the least five or six .” ( Shiji, 123 )

Meanwhile, the Sui general Yang Yichen was having success against the rebels north of the Yellow River, killing Zhang Jincheng ( 張金稱 ) and Gao Shida ( 高士達 ), but Emperor Yang and his prime minister Yu Shiji, fearful of Yang Yichen's talent, ostensibly promoted Yang Yichen and recalled him to be a minister.