He and other Soviet leaders responsible for the document were proud of having brought forward some new formulas, such as the early replacement of the dictatorship of the proletariat by an `` All People's State '', and also of having laid down the lines for a much greater `` democratization '' of the whole hierarchy of Soviets, starting with the Supreme Soviet itself.

" In the 1999 South Carolina Supreme Court case State v. Gaines, the Court held that Alford guilty pleas were to be held valid in the absence of a specific on-the-record ruling that the pleas were voluntary – provided that the sentencing judge acted appropriately in accordance with the rules for acceptance of a plea made voluntarily by the defendant.

In terms of ultra vires actions in the broad sense, a reviewing court may set aside an administrative decision if it is unreasonable ( under Canadian law, following the rejection of the " Patently Unreasonable " standard by the Supreme Court in Dunsmuir v. New Brunswick ), Wednesbury unreasonable ( under British law ), or arbitrary and capricious ( under U. S. Administrative Procedure Act and New York State law ).

Colombia's highest judicial organs include the Supreme Court, the Council of State, the Constitutional Court, and the Superior Judicial Council.

Three United States Presidents, twenty-six foreign Heads of State, nine Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States ( including three Chief Justices ) and 40 Nobel Prize winners are alumni of Columbia.

Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

In May 2010, the Washington State Supreme Court provided an opinion after it was asked to certify a question referred by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington: “ Whether a public library, consistent with Article I, § 5 of the Washington Constitution, may filter Internet access for all patrons without disabling Web sites containing constitutionally-protected speech upon the request of an adult library patron .” The Washington State Supreme Court ruled that NCRL ’ s internet filtering policy did not violate Article I, Section 5 of the Washington State Constitution.

Recent examples of this trend include the conversion of all public transport in the city of Delhi from Diesel engines to CNG engines on the basis of the orders of the Delhi High Court ; the monitoring of forest use by the High Courts and the Supreme Court to ensure that there is no unjustified loss of forest cover ; and the directions mandating the disclosure of assets of electoral candidates for the Houses of Parliament and State Assembly.

He served as the 36th Governor of New York ( 1907 – 1910 ), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ( 1910 – 1916 ), United States Secretary of State ( 1921 – 1925 ), a judge on the Court of International Justice ( 1928 – 1930 ), and the 11th Chief Justice of the United States ( 1930 – 1941 ).

CUNY graduates include 12 Nobel laureates, a U. S. Secretary of State, a Supreme Court Justice, several mayors, members of Congress, state legislators, scientists and artists.

It took legal actions to force them to do so: in 1864 the Supreme Court of the State of California ordered them under Writs of Mandamus ( The People of the State of California ex rel the Central Pacific Railroad Company vs. Henry P. Coon, Mayor ; Henry M. Hale, Auditor ; and Joseph S. Paxson, Treasurer, of the City and County of San Francisco.

* 1924 – Alexander Haig, American Soldier & Civil servant, 7th Supreme Allied Commander Europe, 5th White House Chief of Staff and 59th United States Secretary of State ( d. 2010 )

As a result, the duties of the head of state are constitutionally delegated to the Supreme People's Assembly whose chairman is " Head of State for foreign affairs " and performs some of the roles of a Head of State, such as accrediting foreign ambassadors.

This was the case in a famous United States Supreme Court decision in 1975, O ' Connor v. Donaldson, when Kenneth Donaldson, a patient committed to Florida State Hospital, sued the hospital and staff for confining him for 15 years against his will.

Informal discussions did take place with Secretary of State William Seward through Supreme Court Justice John A. Campbell, an Alabamian who had not yet resigned ; Seward hinted that Fort Sumter would be evacuated, but nothing definite was said.

Gorbachev's policy of separating Party and State began to impact at the Soviet Republic level in early 1990 when each SSR held competitive elections to their respective legislative Supreme Soviets, shortly after the CPSU had given up its ' leading role '.

This meant that real local power moved from the position of Communist Party Leader to that of Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, the official Head of State of the SSR.

The Lansing Metropolitan Area, colloquially referred to as " Mid-Michigan ", is an important center for educational, cultural, governmental, business, and high-tech manufacturing, including two medical schools, one veterinary school, two nursing schools, two law schools, including the nation's largest law school ( Thomas M. Cooley Law School ), a Big Ten Conference university ( Michigan State ), the Michigan State Capitol, the state Supreme Court and Court of Appeals, a federal court, the Library of Michigan and Historical Center, and headquarters of four national insurance companies.

However, the Federal Court held that since the State had accepted the provisions of the Wagner-Peyser Act into its own Code, and presumably therefore also the regulations, it was now a State matter.

In the 1995 case State of Idaho v. Howry before the Idaho Court of Appeals, the Court commented on the impact of the Alford guilty plea on later sentencing.

In New York, the topfreedom equality movement helped to bring a case, People v. Santorelli ( 1992 ), to the New York State Court of Appeals.

He created murals for the Harlem Hospital, Golden State Mutual, American Museum of Natural History, Public School 154, the Bronx Family and Criminal Court and the Abraham Lincoln High School in Brooklyn, New York.

In March 2009 a Fulton County, Ga., State Court jury awarded $ 2. 3 million in damages to a 4-year-old boy and his mother for a botched circumcision in which too much tissue was removed causing permanent disfigurement.

Upon arriving at Baltimore, Selkirk on December 22 wrote to John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State at Washington, inquiring about laws covering trade with `` Missouri and Illinois Territories ''.

In his journal for November 6, 1860, he wrote: " At Town House, and cast my vote for Lincoln and the Republican candidates generally — the first vote I ever cast for a President and State officers.

Montgomery came to the conclusion that the conflict could not be won without harsh measures, and that self-government was the only feasible solution ; in 1923, after the establishment of the Irish Free State and during the Irish Civil War, Montgomery wrote to Colonel Arthur Percival of the Essex Regiment:

In 1940 Rogers became professor of clinical psychology at Ohio State University, where he wrote his second book, Counseling and Psychotherapy ( 1942 ).

Frazer cites Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia, where he wrote, " I tremble " at the thought that " God is just ," and he warned of eventual " supernatural influence " to abolish the scourge of slavery.

Allen wrote another pamphlet in response, entitled An Address to the Inhabitants of the State of Vermont ; with Remarks on a Proclamation under the Hand of his Excellency George Clinton, Esq ; Governor of the State of New York.

As Secretary of State, he negotiated the Adams – Onís Treaty ( which acquired Florida for the United States ), the Treaty of 1818, and wrote the Monroe Doctrine.

Nehru specifically wrote Article 44 of the Indian constitution under the Directive Principles of State Policy which states: ' The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.

The latter then took up the usage according to which one who remained for 44 days under excommunication came under the penalties executed by the State, and wrote his De incarcerandis fedelibus, in which he demanded that it should be legal for the excommunicated to appeal to the king and his council against the excommunication ; in this writing he laid open the entire case and in such a way that it was understood by the laity.

Madison wrote: " But it follows, from no view of the subject, that a nullification of a law of the U. S. can as is now contended, belong rightfully to a single State, as one of the parties to the Constitution ; the State not ceasing to avow its adherence to the Constitution.

Eight weeks after the Harvard speech, the State Department wrote in a confidential memorandum that " The Marshall Plan has been compared to a flying saucer — nobody knows what it looks like, how big it is, in what direction it is moving, or whether it really exists.

" In the 1995 book America's Alternative Religions, published by the State University of New York Press, Baker wrote: " Although they prefer to be called Unificationists, they are referred to in the media and popularly known as ' Moonies '.

The need for an alternative non-Russian source of naval stores is indicated by the information from the British Ambassador in Copenhagen, Hugh Elliott, who wrote to Foreign Secretary, Lord Carmarthen on 12 August 1788: “ There is no Topick so common in the Mouths of the Russian Ministers, as to insist on the Facility with which the Empress, when Mistress of the Baltic, either by Conquest, Influence, or Alliance with the other two Northern Powers, could keep England in a State of Dependence for its Baltic Commerce and Naval Stores ”.

Luis Felipe Corea, the Nicaraguan minister in Washington, wrote to US Secretary of State John Hay expressing the Zelaya government's support for such a canal.

In 1985, Singer wrote a book with the physician Deanne Wells arguing that surrogate motherhood should be allowed and regulated by the state by establishing non-profit ' State Surrogacy Boards ', which would ensure fairness between surrogate mothers and surrogacy-seeking parents.

Additionally, the methods of parapsychologists are regarded by critics, including those who wrote the science standards for the California State Board of Education, to be pseudoscientific.

In 1969, while at Kearney State College, he wrote a weekly humour column for the college newspaper and was a frequent contributor of poetry and short stories to The Shore Anthology and The Antler.

English philosopher, sociologist, biologist and writer Herbert Spencer wrote of the many aspects of the character of the state as opposed to the character of man in his book The Man Versus The State.

Immediately upon his return, President Washington wrote to him asking him to accept a seat in his Cabinet as Secretary of State.

He presided over the committee that wrote Pennsylvania's 1790 State Constitution.

Humboldt was a philosopher and wrote On the Limits of State Action in 1791-2 ( though it was not published until 1850, after Humboldt's death ), one of the boldest defences of the liberties of the Enlightenment.

He wrote The State in its Relations with the Church, a book which argued that England had neglected its great duty to the Church of England.