* 1710 – The Statute of Anne, the first law regulating copyright, enters into force in Great Britain.

The British Statute of Anne ( 1710 ) further alluded to individual rights of the artist, beginning: " Whereas Printers, Booksellers, and other Persons, have of late frequently taken the Liberty of Printing ... Books, and other Writings, without the Consent of the Authors ... to their very great Detriment, and too often to the Ruin of them and their Families :" A right to benefit financially from the work is articulated, and court rulings and legislation have recognized a right to control the work, such as ensuring that the integrity of it is preserved.

The Statute of Anne was the first real copyright act, and gave the publishers rights for a fixed period, after which the copyright expired.

The British Statute of Anne 1710 and the Statute of Monopolies 1623 are now seen as the origins of copyright and patent law respectively.

The Statute of Anne came into force in 1710

The Statute of Anne ( c. 19 ), an act of the Parliament of Great Britain, was the first statute to provide for copyright regulated by the government and courts, rather than by private parties.

This bill, which after substantial amendments was granted Royal Assent on 5 April 1710, became known as the Statute of Anne due to its passage during the reign of Queen Anne.

Despite a period of instability known as the Battle of the Booksellers when the initial copyright terms under the Statute began to expire, the Statute of Anne remained in force until the Copyright Act 1842 repealed it.

Whatever the motivations, the bill was passed on 5 April 1710, and is commonly known simply as the Statute of Anne due its passage during the reign of Queen Anne.

The Statute of Anne

Consisting of 11 sections, the Statute of Anne is formally titled " An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of Copies, during the Times therein mentioned ".

Their principal argument was that copyright had not been created by the Statute of Anne ; it existed beforehand, in the common law, and was perpetual.

The final decision, written by Lord Mansfield and endorsed by Aston and Willes JJ, confirmed that there existed copyright at common law that turned " upon Principles before and independent " of the Statute of Anne, something justified because it was right " that an Author should reap the pecuniary Profits of his own Ingenuity and Labour ".

After consulting with the judges of the King's Bench, Common Pleas and Exchequer of Pleas, the Lords concluded that there was no copyright at common law-certainly not perpetual copyright-and as such, that the term permitted by the Statute of Anne was the maximum length of legal protection for publishers and authors alike.

Frederick North, Lord North | Lord North, who expanded the provisions of the Statute of Anne in 1775.

Until its repeal, most extensions to copyright law were based around provisions found in the Statute of Anne.

This was intended to stop the influx of cheap books from Ireland, and also repealed the price restrictions in the Statute of Anne.

He also desired a unified law of copyright ; all the existing statutes were to be codified under the bill, and the case law that had arisen around the Statute of Anne was to be clarified.

Amongst other things, however, the Act did succeed in both extending copyright to life plus seven years, and, as part of the codification clauses, repealing the Statute of Anne.

The Statute of Anne is traditionally seen as " a historic moment in the development of copyright ", and the first statute in the world to provide for copyright.

The European Public Limited-Liability Company Regulations 2004 came in to force on 8 October and give effect to The European Company Statute Regulation, ( Council Regulation EC no. 2157 / 2001 ) which gives the framework for a new form of company, the European Public Limited-Liability Company or Societas Europaea ( SE ).

" The Rome Statute defines " intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population " to be illegal, but only came into effect on July 1, 2002 and has not been ratified by every country.

The Statute came into force on 1 July 2002 after the 60th state had ratified it.

After 1931, when the Statute of Westminster came into being and the Dominions of the British Empire became independent states, equal in status to the UK, the Order of Merit remained an honour open to all the King's realms ; thus, as with the monarch who conferred it, the order ceased to be purely British.

The Statute of Anne came into force in 1710

After 1931, when the Statute of Westminster came into being and the Dominions of the British Empire became independent states, equal in status to Britain, the Royal Victorian Order remained an honour open to all the King's realms ; thus, as with the monarch who conferred it, the order ceased to be purely British.

According to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which came into force on 1 July 2002, when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed at any civilian population, a " forced disappearance " qualifies as a crime against humanity and, thus, is not subject to a statute of limitations.

The crisis came to redefine the role of governor general, not only in Canada but throughout the Dominions, becoming a major impetus in negotiations at Imperial Conferences held in the late 1920s that led to the adoption of the Statute of Westminster in 1931.

The change was agreed to at the Imperial Conference of 1926 and came to be official as a result of the Balfour Declaration of 1926 and Statute of Westminster 1931.

As a remedy an Act was passed in 1540 ( which came to be known as the Statute of Wills ), and a further explanatory Act in 1542-1543.

The model act subsequently came under the aegis of the Turning Point National Collaborative on Public Health Statute Modernization to revise state health laws.

The British monarch was the head of state of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1931, when the Statute of Westminster came into effect, and thereafter the Irish Free State had a unique crown, though held by the same person who was sovereign for the other Dominions.

After the short governorship of Pyotr Zheltukhin came the prolonged and profoundly influential term of Pavel Kiselyov ( November 24, 1829 – 1843 ), under whom the two Principalities were given their first document resembling a constitution, the Organic Statute ( negotiated in Wallachia's capital ).

The laws came into effect on 28 June 1968, marking the end of the special powers the Allied forces had been given over Germany in the Statute of Occupation of 21 September 1949.

Other changes came after the Statute of Uses, 1535 and the Statute of Frauds.

It is from these bills that the Statute of Uses and the succeeding Statute of Enrolments came.

The First Statute was drafted in 1522 and came into power in 1529 by the initiative of the Lithuanian Council of Lords.

Prospects for Galician self-government and possible restoration of a Xunta came close while the Galician Statute of Autonomy of 1936 was being discussed, at the time of the Spanish Second Republic ( 1931 – 1939 ).

The Galician Statute of Autonomy ( 1981 ), came to ratify the Xunta and Galicia's self-government.

The Dictum of Kenilworth was later incorporated into the Statute of Marlborough.

* 1284 – The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporates the Principality of Wales into England.

Even considering this, however, the Statute of Anne was " the watershed event in Anglo-American copyright history ... transforming what had been the publishers ' private law copyright into a public law grant ".

Both theories were taken into account in Donaldson v Beckett, as well as in the drafting of the Statute of Anne, and Deene infers that they subsequently had an impact on the Belgian debates over their first copyright statute.

The burden of proving that a written contract exists only comes into play when a Statute of Frauds defense is raised by the defendant.

* Ten nations deposit their ratifications for the International Criminal Court at a United Nations ceremony, bringing the total to 66, well above the 60 needed to bring the Statute into force.

* April 16 – The Statute of Frauds is passed into English law.

* The Statute of Rhuddlan is created, formally incorporating Wales into England in the entity England and Wales.

* 1284 – The Statute of Rhuddlan is created, formally incorporating Wales into England in the entity England and Wales.

By the 1284 Statute of Rhuddlan, the Principality of Wales was incorporated into England and was given an administrative system like the English, with counties policed by sheriffs.

The official royal tour historian, Gustave Lanctot, stated: " When Their Majesties walked into their Canadian residence, the Statute of Westminster had assumed full reality: the King of Canada had come home.

The Statute of Westminster 1931, had already acknowledged the evolution of the Dominions into separate sovereign states.

" Nonetheless, the concept of the Canadian Royal Family did not emerge until after the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, when Canadian officials only began to overtly consider putting the principles of Canada's new status as an independent kingdom into effect.

Under Article 8 ( 2 )( b )( xxvi ) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ( ICC ), adopted in July 1998 and entered into force 1 July 2002 ; " Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into the national armed forces or using them to participate actively in hostilities " is a war crime.

Coroners were introduced into Wales following its military conquest by Edward I of England in 1282 through the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284.

* Statute law initiative is a constitutionally-defined, citizen-initiated, petition process of " proposed statute law ", which, if successful, results in law being written directly into the state's statutes.

* 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court entered into force on 1 July 2002.

By the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284 the territory of the native Welsh rulers had been broken up into the five counties of Anglesey, Caernarfon, Cardigan, Carmarthen, and Merioneth.

Even though the Statute of Westminster 1931 had made Canada fully independent in governing its foreign affairs, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council held that s. 132 did not accordingly evolve to take that into account.