Cadet branches of the Wittelsbach also ruled over smaller territories in Neuburg and Sulzbach.

Due to the practice of dividing territories among different branches of the family, by the early 16th century junior lines of the Palatine Wittelsbachs came to rule in Simmern, Kaiserslautern, and Zweibrücken in the Lower Palatinate, and in Neuburg and Sulzbach in the Upper Palatinate.

In 1742, the Palatinate was inherited by Duke Charles Theodore of Sulzbach.

He then succeeded his father as Count Palatine of Sulzbach in 1733 and inherited the Electoral Palatinate and the duchies of Jülich and Berg in 1742, with the death of Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine.

On 1 April 1795 his father succeeded Ludwig's uncle, Charles II, as duke of Zweibrücken, and on 16 February 1799 became Elector of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine, the Arch-Steward of the Empire, and Duke of Berg on the extinction of the Sulzbach line with the death of the elector Charles Theodore.

The smaller territories of Sulzbach and Neuburg came to Bavaria in 1742, while the city of Regensburg, an Imperial Free City, was not joined with the rest of the region until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and the end of the short-lived Principality of Regensburg under Carl von Dalberg, which existed from 1803 to 1810.

* Bernard Bolzano 1837, Wissenschaftslehre, Sulzbach.

* Bertha of Sulzbach, Byzantine Empress ( b. 1110s )

In 1136, he married Gertrude of Sulzbach, who was a daughter of Berengar II of Sulzbach, and whose sister Bertha was married to Emperor Manuel.

By 1148 Manuel had seen the wisdom of securing an alliance with Conrad, whose sister-in-law Bertha of Sulzbach he had earlier married ; he actually persuaded the German king to renew their alliance against Roger II of Sicily.

Victor Amadeus organised the first two marriages of Charles Emmanuel the first one being to Anne Christine of Sulzbach, daughter of the Count Palatine of Sulzbach which produced a son which died in infancy.

* Countess Palatine Anne Christine of Sulzbach ( 1704 – 1723 ), daughter of Theodore Eustace of Sulzbach and Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg.

Bertha of Sulzbach, Conrad's sister-in-law, was chosen and despatched to Byzantium.

Many different Romanised forms of this goddess ’ s name occur: Aeraecura at Perugia ; Aerecura at Mainz, Xanten, Aquileia and Roşia Montană ; Aericura at Sulzbach, Malsch, Eracura in Mautern, Austria, Ercura at Fliehburg, Erecura at Cannstatt, Tongeren and Belley in Aube ; Heracura at Stockstadt am Rhein, Herecura at Cannstatt, Freinsheim and Rottenburg am Neckar, where the form Herequra is also found.

Johannesberg, Glattbach, Goldbach, Haibach, Bessenbach, Sulzbach am Main, Niedernberg, Großostheim, Stockstadt am Main and Mainaschaff.

Napoleon said of him that, his genius grew bolder as it grew older, and a later author, the duc d ' Aumale ( Histoire des princes de la maison de Condé ), took the same view when he wrote: " Pour le connaître il faut le suivre jusqu ' à Sulzbach.

He took part in the 1795-1796 campaign with the armies of the Sambre and Meuse, fighting on the Rhine and the Lahn and distinguishing himself alongside Kléber near Neuwied and Sulzbach.

Soon the leading troops were on the crest of the ridge between the Sauer and the Sulzbach, and the Bavarian divisional commander, anxious to prove his loyalty to his new allies-his enemies in 1866-ordered his troops to attack, giving the spire of Fröschweiler, which was visible over the woods, as the point of direction.

In 1159 Bertha of Sulzbach, wife of Manuel I died, the Emperor married the following year in 1160 to Maria, the daughter of Constance and Raymond.

Cretzschmar was born at Sulzbach and studied medicine at the University of Würzburg.

His parents were Johann Christian, Count Palatine of Sulzbach and Marie-Anne-Henriette-Leopoldine de La Tour d ' Auvergne, margravine of Bergen op Zoom, a grandniece of Henri de la Tour d ' Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne.

In 1692, as a result of the inheritance of the Palatinate by a Catholic branch of the Wittelsbach family, which threatened to upset the religious balance of the College of Electors, the number of electors was increased to nine, with a seat being granted to the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, who became known as the Elector of Hanover ( the Reichstag officially confirmed the creation in 1708 ).

Frederick V's territories and his position as Elector were transferred to the Duke of Bavaria, Maximilian I, of a distantly related branch of the House of Wittelsbach.

The Wittelsbach Emperor Louis IV acquired < span lang =" de "> Brandenburg </ span > ( 1323 ), Tyrol ( 1342 ), Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut ( 1345 ) for his House but he had also released the Upper Palatinate for the Palatinate branch of the < span lang =" de "> Wittelsbach </ span > in 1329.

House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken ( Pfalz )-cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach

The House of Palatinate-Simmern, a cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach, was noted for its attachment to Calvinism ; this was in marked contrast to the wider House of Wittelsbach, headed by Duke Maximilian, which was deeply devoted to the Roman Catholic Church.

In 1329 the town and the entire Upper Palatinate fell to a branch line of the Wittelsbach family and was no longer part of the duchy of Bavaria.

Charles IV Theodore, a scion of a senior branch of the House of Wittelsbach, held the closest claim of kinship, but he, too, had no legitimate children to succeed him.

He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Sulzbach, a branch of the House of Wittelsbach.

Nevertheless the Golden Bull caused a conflict between Emperor Charles IV and the Wittelsbach dukes Louis V and Stephen II of Bavaria since also the Bavarian branch of the dynasty got nothing.

Montgelas therefore went to Zweibrücken, where he was helped by his brother Illuminati to find employment at the Court of the Duke, the head of a branch of the Wittelsbach family.

Princess Elisabeth was born on 27 May 1652 in the Heidelberg Castle, to Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine of the Simmern branch of the House of Wittelsbach, and Landgravine Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel.

He was a member of the Wittelsbach branch Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken.

He was properly addressed as " His Royal Highness ," as a member of the cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach in Bavaria.

As the last of the junior branch of the Wittelsbach dynasty which derived from Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and had ruled Bavaria since early 14th century, Maximilian's death led to a succession dispute and the brief War of the Bavarian Succession.

Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza ( born Luís Gastão Maria José Pio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança e Wittelsbach on 6 June 1938 ) is one of the two claimants to the defunct Brazilian throne, and head of the Vassouras branch of the Brazilian Imperial House.

This branch of the Wittelsbach family became extinct in 1777 and the Bavarian Electorate passed to Karl-Theodor, the senior Prince of the House of Bavaria, he assumed the Grand Magistery of the Order in 1778.

The House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was the Royal House of Sweden from 1654 to 1720.

* The Omotic language branch is the most controversial member of Afroasiatic, since the grammatical formatives which most linguists have given greatest weight in classifying languages in the family " are either absent or distinctly wobbly " ( Hayward 1995 ).

Born into an old, wealthy equestrian branch of the Plebeian Octavii family, Augustus was adopted posthumously by his maternal great-uncle Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 BC following Caesar's assassination.

Even Poseidon, who normally favors the Greeks, comes to Aeneas ' rescue after he falls under the assault of Achilles, noting that Aeneas, though from a junior branch of the royal family, is destined to become king of the Trojan people.

He was the second and last Prussian duke of the Ansbach branch of the Hohenzollern family.

However, after the 1440 death of Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg, the Franconian cadet branch of the family was not politically united with the main Brandenburg line, remaining independent as " Brandenburg-Ansbach ".

Bulgarian ( български език, ) is an Indo-European language, a member of the Southern branch of the Slavic language family.

The original Old English language was then influenced by two waves of invasion ; the first was by language speakers of the Scandinavian branch of the Germanic family ; they conquered and colonised parts of Britain in the 8th and 9th centuries.

The Baltic languages are a subbranch of the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family.

There is a minority of scholars who argue that Baltic forms a separate branch of Indo-European, or that it is not a genetic node in either Indo-European family or Balto-Slavic, but that Eastern and Western Baltic are separate branches of Balto-Slavic.

The Balts or Baltic peoples are an Indo-European ethnic-linguistic group who speak the Baltic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family, which was originally spoken by tribes living in area east of Jutland peninsula in the west and Moscow, Oka and Volga rivers basins in the east.

* The coat of arms of the Tuscan branch of Bonaparte family in State Archives of Florence

More recent classifications doubt the validity of the Mon-Khmer sub-grouping and place the Khmer language as its own branch of Austro-Asiatic equidistant from the other 12 branches of the family.

The Celtic or Keltic languages ( usually pronounced but sometimes ) are descended from Proto-Celtic, or " Common Celtic "; a branch of the greater Indo-European language family.

In contemporary times, both King Juan Carlos of Spain and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg are members of this family, both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty.

In 1728, the Carbognano branch ( Colonna di Sciarra ) of the Colonna family added the name Barberini to its family name when Giulio Cesare Colonna di Sciarra married Cornelia Barberini, daughter of the last male Barberini to hold the name and grand-daughter of Maffeo Barberini ( son of Taddeo Barberini ).

The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt.

Caldwell used ' Dravidian ' as a generic name for the family of languages spoken in Southern India to distinguish them from Indo-Aryan, the branch of Indo-European spoken in the Indian subcontinent.

Eritrea's population comprises nine ethnic groups, most of whom speak languages from the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family.

In 2006, Frederik Woudhuizen suggested that Etruscan belongs to the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European family, specifically to Luwian.

The Eskimo – Aleut family of languages includes two cognate branches: the Aleut ( Unangan ) branch and the Eskimo branch.

The Sirenikski language, which is virtually extinct, is sometimes regarded as a third branch of the Eskimo language family, but other sources regard it as a group belonging to the Yupik branch.

The Sirenikski language is sometimes regarded as a third branch of the Eskimo language family, but other sources regard it as a group belonging to the Yupik branch.