While works such as Susan Zuccotti's Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy ( 2000 ) and Michael Phayer's The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930 – 1965 ( 2000 ) are critical of both Cornwell and Pius XII ; Ronald J. Rychlak's Hitler, the War and the Pope is critical as well but defends Pius XII in light of his access to most recent documents.

Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy.

On April 7, 1994, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, under the direction of Sir Gilbert Levine performed at the Vatican in the historic " Papal Concert to Commemorate the Holocaust ", with the cellist Lynn Harrell as soloist and the actor Richard Dreyfuss as narrator.

" The WJC also urged the Vatican to assist in the recovery of Jewish children saved by Catholics during the Holocaust.

The role of the Vatican during the Holocaust remains a controversial issues and has repeatedly flared up.

" The Pope has found clear and unequivocal words regarding Bishop Williamson's Holocaust denial, and he deserves praise for admitting that mistakes were made within the Vatican in the handling of this affair ," the WJC president was quoted as saying.

Alperin v. Vatican Bank is a class action suit by Holocaust survivors against the Institute for Works of Religion and Franciscan Order (" Order of Friars Minor ") filed in San Francisco, California on November 15, 1999.

Williamson remains suspended from the exercise of the episcopal order: after reports accusing him of Holocaust denial attracted widespread media coverage, the Vatican declared that " in order to be admitted to episcopal functions within the Church, ( he ) will have to take his distance, in an absolutely unequivocal and public fashion, from his position on the Shoah, which the Holy Father was not aware of when the excommunication was lifted.

The Simon Wiesenthal Center welcomed the news that the Vatican has demanded that Bishop Richard Williamson recant his views denying the Holocaust before being re-admitted to the Roman Catholic Church.

The Reichskonkordat is the most controversial of several concordats agreed between various states and the Vatican during the reign of Pope Pius XI and is frequently discussed in works that deal with the rise of Hitler in the early 1930s and the Holocaust.

Though these investments were hidden from the Allies ( with whom Nogara also transacted ), through the use of holding companies and offshore banking centers, under Nogara " like water finding a downhill path, Vatican money found its way to the grisly side of the Holocaust ".

According to Phayer, " like water finding a downhill path, Vatican money found its way to the grisly side of the Holocaust ".

In this book he purports to examine the position of Pacelli, the later Pius XII, towards Adolf Hitler ’ s seizure of power, the downfall of the Catholic Zentrum Party, the Reichskonkordat between Nazi-Germany and the Vatican, the encyclical Mit Brennender Sorge (‘ With Burning Concern ’), paganism, the national-socialist education programs, the ‘ T4-program ’ ( the murder of physically and mentally handicapped persons ), the invasion of Poland, Operation Barbarossa, the Jews in the Netherlands, priest-president Jozef Tiso of Slovakia, the Ustasha in Independent State of Croatia, the deportation of Jews from Rome, the Hungarian Holocaust, the help offered to war criminals, the resistance against Nazism, the alleged refusal of the Church to " give back Jewish " children who had been in hiding, the failures of the Allies, alleged antisemitism after the Holocaust, and the moral question of alleged guilt of the Church and the pope.

Some of his other popular works include The Vatican Billions, The Vatican's Holocaust, and Vatican Moscow Alliance.

" Susan Zuccotti's Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy ( 2000 ) and Michael Phayer's The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930 – 1965 ( 2000 ) are critical of both Cornwell and Pius XII.

* Susan Zuccotti, Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy.

On April 7, 1994, he appeared at the Vatican with the Royal Philharmonic conducted by Gilbert Levine in a concert dedicated to the memory of the six million Jews who perished in the Holocaust.

In 1998 he defended the extent of the Vatican apology for the Holocaust issued by Pope John Paul II, in contrast to the disappointment expressed by many prominent Jews such as Israeli Chief Rabbi Yisrael Meir Lau.

The program covered a wide range of topics: nuclear war, UFOs, Holocaust survivors, sexual abuse, Third World development, family relationships, people with disabilities, the Vatican Bank scandal and profiles of religious figures such as Mother Teresa, Desmond Tutu and the Dalai Lama.

Alperin v. Vatican Bank is a class action suit by Holocaust survivors against the Vatican Bank (" Institute for Works of Religion ") and Franciscan Order (" Order of Friars Minor ") filed in San Francisco, California on November 15, 1999.

The Preliminary Note of Explanation did not in fact alter the value of the statement on collegiality in the text of Lumen Gentium: it " strengthened the adherence to the doctrine of the First Vatican Council on the primacy, but it did not subsequently strike out anything from the direct divine origin of the episcopal office and its function, and the responsibility of the College of Bishops for the Universal Church.

* Vatican Report on Sects, Cults and New Religious Movements, St. Paul Publications, Sydney, 1988.

He appeared on The Colbert Report on June 23, 2010, claiming to have conducted an interview with Glenn Beck while visiting the Vatican .< ref >

* Report from Rome: on the First Session of the Vatican Council, translated by A. Mason, London: Chapman, 1963

* Report from Rome II: The Second Session of the Vatican Council, London: Chapman, 1964

( Main theme from The A-Team ): In 1996, in the city of Barcelona, Alejo Cuervo ( an insane ex-librarian who thinks he is possessed by the spirit of Philip K. Dick ), proclaims himself as the new Pope Alejo I ( killing the old one blowing up the Vatican City ), submitting (& bribing some governments ) all of Europe to the boring " Dick's Rule " by forbidding almost any form of subculture ( video games, comics, DVDs, Roleplaying games, hopscotch ) allowing just what he likes: " música sacra " and the works of Philip K. Dick: " Minority Report ", " Blade Runner "... Alejo I decided to create a special force, the Fanhunters, and use the cloned soldiers Tintin Macute ( not so intelligent ) to annihilate the civilians who still resist: otakus, gamers, comic fans and geeks left in Europe.

There was a new Pope and the Vatican was making itself heard and felt these days.

The public appeal by the new Vatican Secretary of State, Cardinal Cicognani, for renewed efforts toward Eastern and Western reunion was still another remarkable act.

many of their gifted members were prominent in the Vatican as physicians, musicians, bankers.

Of course, the crowning event that has dramatically upset the traditional pattern of English religious history was the friendly visit paid by Dr. Fisher, then Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, to the Vatican last December.

* First Vatican Mythographer, 197.

Alexis Carrel was also a member of learned societies in the U. S., Spain, Russia, Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Vatican City, Germany, Italy and Greece and received honorary doctorates from Queen's University of Belfast, Princeton University, California, New York, Brown University and Columbia University.

Countries that officially recognize the Armenian genocide include Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, The Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Uruguay, Vatican City and Venezuela ; additionally, some regional governments of countries recognize the Armenian genocide, such as New South Wales in Australia and Wales in the United Kingdom, also officially recognize the Armenian Genocide.

These include: Albania, Afghanistan Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chad, Chile, the People's Republic of China, Côte d ' Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, DR Congo, Egypt, East Timor, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Holy See ( Vatican City ), Honduras, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Libya, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Order of Malta, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Uruguay, and Vietnam.

* 1962 – Representatives from the Russian Orthodox Church and Vatican City meet in Metz, France, and come to an agreement wherein the Russian church would send observers to the Second Vatican Council and in exchange, the Roman Catholic Church would refuse to condemn Communism.

In the video game Assassin's Creed II, Minerva appears in an ancient vault underneath the Vatican at the end of the game.

The poem is known to us only through one Vatican manuscript, and long escaped the notice of historians.

By a public decree, this fine work was placed in one of the stanze of the Vatican hitherto reserved for the most precious works of antiquity.

From the early Middle Ages until after the Second Vatican Council the sacrament was administered, within the Latin Church, only when death was approaching and, in practice, bodily recovery was not ordinarily looked for, giving rise, as mentioned above to the name " Extreme Unction " ( i. e. final anointing ).

* Jürgen Klötgen, Prieuré d ' Abergavenny – Tribulations mancelles en Pays de Galles au temps du Pape Jean XXII ( d ' après des documents français et anglais du XIV ° siècle collationnés avec une source d ' histoire retrouvée aux Archives Secrètes du Vatican ), in Revue Historique et Archéologique du Maine, Le Mans, 1989, p. 65 – 88 ( 1319: cf John of Hastings, Lord of Abergavenny ; Adam de Orleton, Bishop of Hereford, John of Monmouth, Bishop of Llandaff ).

At the Vatican Council II, as representative of American Jews, Heschel persuaded the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate or modify passages in its liturgy that demeaned the Jews, or expected their conversion to Christianity.

File: VaticanMuseums Egyptian God Statue. jpg | Statue of Hermanubis ( Vatican Museums )

Most cardinals are already bishops at the time of their appointment, the majority being archbishops of important archdioceses or patriarchs, and a substantial portion of the rest already titular archbishops serving in the Vatican.

Whilst members of the Independent Catholic movement take seriously the issue of valid orders, it is highly significant that the relevant Vatican Congregations tend not to respond to petitions from Independent Catholic bishops and clergy who seek to be received into communion with the Holy See, hoping to continue in some sacramental role.

< cite id = disputedinjunction > The Vatican archives contain an unsigned copy of a more strongly worded formal injunction purporting to have been served on Galileo shortly after Bellarmine's admonition, ordering him " not to hold, teach, or defend " the condemned doctrine " in any way whatever, either orally or in writing ", and threatening him with imprisonment if he refused to obey .</ cite > However, whether this injunction was ever properly served on Galileo is a subject of much scholarly disagreement.

Vatican City abolished Capital punishment in Vatican City | its capital punishment statute in 1969.

The readings of the Vatican manuscript were given with more exactness and certainty than had been possible in the earlier editions, and the editor had also the advantage of using the published labours of his colleague and friend Samuel Prideaux Tregelles.