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The Vostok 3KA spacecraft was launched on April 12, 1961.
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Vostok and 3KA
On Baikonur cosmodrome on the morning of April 11, 1961, the Vostok-K rocket, together with the attached Vostok 3KA spacecraft, were transported several miles to the launch pad, in a horizontal position.
Vostok 3 (, Orient 3 or East 3 ) was a spaceflight of the Soviet space program intended to determine the ability of the human body to function in conditions of weightlessness and test the endurance of the Vostok 3KA spacecraft over longer flights.
Vostok 6 was the last flight of a Vostok 3KA spacecraft.
The Vostok 3KA was the spacecraft used for the first human spaceflights.
The first flight of a Vostok 3KA occurred on March 9, 1961.
A total of 8 Vostok 3KA spacecraft were flown, 6 of them with a human crew.
* Controls: as Vostok 3KA
Vostok and spacecraft
Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit the Earth aboard Vostok 1 manned spacecraft on 12 April 1961.
Prior to a manned spaceflight, the Soviets launched several precursor unmanned missions between May 1960 and March 1961, to test and develop the Vostok rocket and Vostok spacecraft technology.
The Vostok spacecraft were designed to carry a single cosmonaut.
Unlike later Vostok missions, there were no dedicated tracking ships available to receive signals from the spacecraft.
Gagarin entered the Vostok 1 spacecraft, and at 7: 10 am local time ( 04: 10 UT ), the radio communication system was turned on.
Once Gagarin was in the Vostok 1 spacecraft, his picture appeared on television screens in the launch control room from an onboard camera.
* 06: 12 UT Five minutes into the flight and the Vostok rocket core stage has used up its propellant, shuts down and falls away from the Vostok spacecraft and final rocket stage.
* 06: 17 UT The Vostok rocket final stage shuts down, ten seconds later the spacecraft separates and Vostok 1 reaches orbit.
At around 07: 35 UT, the two halves of the spacecraft begin reentry and went through strong gyrations as Vostok 1 neared Egypt.
At 07: 55 UT, when Vostok 1 was still 7 km from the ground, the hatch of the spacecraft was released, and two seconds later Gagarin was ejected.
At altitude, the main parachute was deployed from the Vostok spacecraft.
He was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.
The first manned spacecraft, Vostok 1
The first manned spacecraft was Vostok 1, which carried Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into space in 1961, and completed a full Earth orbit.
There were five other manned missions which used a Vostok spacecraft.
* Vostok ( spacecraft ), a type of spacecraft built by the Soviet Union
Vostok 1, the first manned spacecraft in human history, was launched from one of Baikonur's launch pads, which is presently known as Gagarin's Start.
Unlike Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1, Titov took manual control of the spacecraft for a short while.
Gherman Titov launched from Gagarin's Start at Baikonur Cosmodrome on 6 August 1961 at 0600 UTC aboard the Vostok 2 spacecraft.
Vostok and was
However, the Soviet Union was fiercely competitive in holding the early lead it had gained in manned spaceflight, so the Soviet Communist Party, led by Nikita Khrushchev, ordered the hasty conversion of its single-pilot Vostok capsule into a two-or three-person craft named Voskhod, in order to compete with Gemini and Apollo.
The first human spaceflight in history was accomplished on a derivative of R-7, Vostok, on 12 April 1961, by Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.
Columbia was successfully launched on April 12, 1981, the 20th anniversary of the first human spaceflight ( Vostok 1 ), and returned on April 14, 1981, after orbiting the Earth 36 times, landing on the dry lakebed runway at Edwards Air Force Base in California.
Vostok 1 (, East 1 or Orient 1 ) was the first spaceflight in the Vostok program and the first human spaceflight in history.
Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program, and was designed by Soviet engineers guided by Sergei Korolev under the supervision of Kerim Kerimov and others.
The Soviet programme for doing this was the Vostok programme.
27-year-old Yuri Gagarin was the only crew member of Vostok 1.
" Kamanin was referring to the second mission, Vostok 2, which would last a full day, compared to the relatively short single-orbit mission of Vostok 1.
Two schoolgirls witnessed the Vostok landing and described the scene: " It was a huge ball, about two or three metres high.
When Soviet officials filled out the FAI papers to register the flight of Vostok 1, they stated that the launch site was Baykonur at.
The coldest recorded average annual temperature was at Vostok Station, Antarctica.
Gagarin was further selected for an elite training group known as the Sochi Six, from which the first cosmonauts of the Vostok programme would be chosen.
Out of the twenty selected, the eventual choices for the first launch were Gagarin and Gherman Titov due to their performance during training sessions as well as their physical characteristics — space was limited in the small Vostok cockpit, and both men were rather short.
Vostok and launched
In modified form, it launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, into orbit, and became the basis for the R7 family which includes Sputnik, Luna, Molniya, Vostok, and Voskhod space launchers, as well as later Soyuz / L / U / U2 / FG / 2 variants.
Tereshkova, Solovyova and Ponomaryova were the leading candidates, and a joint mission profile was developed that would see two women launched into space, on solo Vostok flights on consecutive days in March or April 1963.
After a two-hour countdown, Vostok 6 launched faultlessly, and Tereshkova became the first woman in space.
Vostok 6 was the final Vostok flight and was launched two days after Vostok 5 which carried Valery Bykovsky into a similar orbit for five days, landing three hours after Tereshkova.
Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 were launched a day apart on trajectories that brought the spacecraft within approximately of one another.
Nikolayev's orbital companion Popovich launched the next day aboard Vostok 4.
It was launched a day after Vostok 3 with cosmonaut Pavel Popovich on board — the first time that more than one manned spacecraft were in orbit at the same time.
The Soviet Union then launched Vostok 1 carrying the first human, Yuri Gagarin, into Earth orbit during 1961.
Although the Soviet Union had twice previously launched simultaneous pairs of Vostok spacecraft, these established radio contact with, but came no closer than several kilometers of each other, while the Gemini 6 and 7 spacecraft came as close as one foot ( 30 cm ) and could have docked had they been so equipped.
The Soviet Union had launched the first civilian, Valentina Tereshkova ( also the first woman ) aboard Vostok 6 on June 16, 1963.
They were launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome using Vostok 8K72K launch vehicles.
By November 1961, the Soviets had launched Yuri Gagarin and Gherman Titov into orbit during the Vostok 1 and Vostok 2 manned orbital flights.
In this approach, MA-10 and a new MA-11 flight, the latter using the MA-10 backup capsule, would be launched in close proximity, and fly a loosely co-ordinated mission, similar to the Soviet Vostok 3 and Vostok 4.
0.205 seconds.