As a stanch party man and a rabid Democrat, he had little tolerance for Whigs like Pike, and Pike lost any immediate personal advantage his victory over Woodruff might have gained him.

The Whigs had gained control of the Tennessee legislature, and redrew Johnson's First District so as to ensure that House seat for their party, under the leadership of Gustavus Adolphus Henry, Sr .; the Nashville Union termed this " Henry-mandering ".

When his district was redrawn by the Whigs, that party had won the past two gubernatorial elections, in addition to gaining control of the legislature.

The budget as viewed by many Whigs as " compensation to the landlords ;" and viewed by some as " a compensation with a revenge " against those who had obtained repeal of the Corn Laws.

The Liberal Party grew out of the Whigs, which had its origins as an aristocratic faction in the reign of Charles II.

As early as 1839 Russell had adopted the name Liberal Party, but in reality the party was a loose coalition of Whigs in the House of Lords and Radicals in the Commons.

The new Tory ministry hoped to use Kidd as a tool to discredit the Whigs who had backed him, but Kidd refused to name names, naively confident his patrons would reward his loyalty by interceding on his behalf.

Some of the most influential leaders of the Tories united with members of the opposition Whigs and set out to resolve the crisis by inviting William of Orange to England, which the stadtholder, who feared an Anglo-French alliance, had indicated as a condition for a military intervention.

The low church Whigs had failed in their attempt to pass the Exclusion Bill to exclude James from the throne between 1679 and 1681, and James's supporters were the high church Anglican Tories.

Although occupying fewer seats than the Tory / Conservatives, the Whigs had a chance to draw support from the minor parties and independents who were also elected in July 1852.

Currently, however, neither the Free Traders and the Irish Brigade had disagreements with the Whigs that prevented them from joining with the Whigs form a government.

Following the downfall of the Tory / Conservative minority government under Lord Derby in December 1852, Lord Aberdeen formed a new government from the coalition of Free Traders, Peelites and Whigs that had voted no confidence in the minority government.

While the Whigs were still part of the Opposition under the minority government of the Earl of Derby, John Russell had said, in January 1852, that he intended to introduce a new Reform bill into the House of Commons which would equalize the populations of the districts from which members of Parliament were elected.

( Incumbent Whig President John Tyler — a former Democrat — had become estranged from the Whigs and was not nominated for a second term.

In March 1848, the Whigs, who had been so opposed to Polk's policy, suddenly changed position.

From a political standpoint, the Whig Party had been in decline in the South because of the effectiveness with which the Democrats had hammered Whigs over slavery issues.

However, in 1708, when the Whigs obtained a majority, Anne did not call on them to form a government, refusing to accept the idea that politicians could force themselves on her merely because their party had a majority.

During the 18th century its makeup varied because the Lords had considerable control over elections: sometimes Whigs dominated it, sometimes Tories.

Newspapers had a strong bias towards particular parties, with the Courant and the Flying Post supporting the Whigs and the Evening Post in favour of the Tories, leading to politicians from both parties realising the importance of an efficient propaganda machine in influencing the electorate.

James II was a Catholic, while the state institutions had broken from the Catholic Church — this was an issue for the Exclusion Bill supporting Whigs, the political heirs to the nonconformist Roundheads and Covenanters.

The Whigs nominated a war hero in 1840 — and emphasized that William Henry Harrison had given up the high life to live in a log cabin on the frontier.

Some Whigs and others adopted the mantle of the " Opposition Party " for several years and had some success.

Similar subsidies had been an issue of past disagreement, and they were widely attacked by Patriot Whigs and Tories.

Although Tyler had been nominated on a Whig ticket, his policies had alienated the Whigs and they actually expelled him from the party on September 13, 1841.

His victory made him one of only two Whigs to be elected President before the party ceased to exist in the 1850s ; the other was William Henry Harrison, who had also been a general and war hero, but died a month into office.

The Whigs were opposed by the government of Lord North, which they accused of being a " Tory " administration, although it largely consisted of individuals previously associated with the Whigs — many old Pelhamites, as well as the Whig faction formerly led by the Duke of Bedford, and elements of that which had been led by George Grenville, although it also contained elements of the " Kings ' Men ", the group formerly associated with Lord Bute and which was generally seen as Tory-leaning.

The Liberal Party ( the term was first used officially in 1868 but had been used colloquially for decades beforehand ) arose from a coalition of Whigs, free trade Tory followers of Robert Peel, and free trade Radicals, first created, tenuously under the Peelite Lord Aberdeen in 1852, and put together more permanently under the former Canningite Tory Lord Palmerston in 1859.

Lord Melbourne had been Victoria's confidant for several years, and many of the higher posts in Victoria's household were held by the wives and female relatives of Whigs ; there was some feeling that Victoria had allowed herself to be too closely associated with the Whig party.

This label was likely used because the Whig name had been discredited and abandoned, but former Whigs still needed to advertise that they were opposed to the Democrats.

Many leaders had been Whigs and were committed to modernization.

As Chamberlain had previously been a standard bearer of radical liberalism against the Whigs, his adherence to the alliance against the Gladstonian Liberals came as a surprise.

From 1830 to 1886 the Liberals ( the name the Whigs, Radicals and Peelites accepted as their political label after 1859 ) had been managed to become almost the party of permanent government with just a couple of Conservative interludes.

The Whigs, who were the main prop of the war, had been laying siege to Godolphin.

Previously Burgoyne had been a Tory-leaning supporter of the North government but following his return from Saratoga he began to associate with the Rockingham Whigs.

The Liberal split made the Unionists ( the Liberal Unionists sat in coalition with the Conservatives after 1895 and would eventually merge with them ) the dominant force in British politics until 1906, with strong support in Lancashire, Liverpool & Manchester, Birmingham ( the fiefdom of its former mayor Joseph Chamberlain who as recently as 1885 had been a furious enemy of the Conservatives ) and the House of Lords where many Whigs sat ( a second Home Rule Bill would pass the Commons in 1893 only to be overwhelmingly defeated in the Lords ).

Two months before Tone's essay, a meeting had been held in Belfast, where republican toasts had been drunk and a resolution in favour of the abolition of religious disqualifications gave the first sign of political sympathy between the Roman Catholics and the Protestant dissenters (" Whigs ") of the north.

The new king had been close to the Whigs but he was willing to bring in Tories.

His ministers and supporters tended to be known as Tories, though they were not a formal grouping and many had previously been Whigs.

The Emperor of Lilliput is described as a partisan of the Low-Heels, just as King George I employed only Whigs in his administration ; the Emperor's heir is described as having " one of his heels higher than the other ", which describes the encouragement by the Prince of Wales ( the future George II ) of the political opposition during his father's life ; once he ascended the throne, however, George II was as staunch a favorer of the Whigs as his father had been.

The Whigs required, to carry the Reform Bill, a leader of unstained character, one to whom party spirit could not attach the suspicion of greed of office, and against Lord Althorp malevolence was powerless: he has been called " the most decent man who ever held high Government office ".

Many, perhaps a majority, had been Whigs, such as William Seward, a leading presidential contender in 1860 and Lincoln's Secretary of State, Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania, and Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, the leading radical newspaper.