Some political scientists prefer more explicit statement of the voter's actual tolerances and preferences, and believe that failure to reflect these in ballot design and voting system alternatives causes many problems and leads for calls for electoral reform.

In most constitutional monarchies, however, members of a royal family perform certain public, social, or ceremonial functions, but refrain from any involvement in electoral politics or the actual governance of the country.

From 1887, the eparchies were abolished as actual administrative units, but were retained for some state services, especially finance services and education, as well as for electoral purposes.

Covert American activity was present in almost every major election in Chile in the decade between 1963 and 1973, but its actual effect on electoral outcomes is not altogether clear.

Not all democratic political systems use separate districts to conduct elections ; Israel, for instance, conducts parliamentary elections as a single, nationwide entity, while the 20 electoral districts of Netherlands have a role in the actual election, but no role whatsoever in the division of the seats.

In some of Canada's earliest censuses, in fact, some citizens in the ridings of Bothwell, Cardwell, Monck and Niagara listed their electoral district as their " county " of residence instead of their actual county.

Any adjustment of electoral district boundaries is official as of the date the changes are legislated, but is not put into actual effect until the first subsequent election.

The alliance went through two stages: early in the year, the PCD signed an electoral pact with Averescu's grouping — the People League's Argetoianu, who led the talks, later indicated that he had sabotaged all possibility of an actual merger, believing it to be detrimental to his grouping ; in autumn, the newly-returned Ionescu met with the general to discuss a project for increased cooperation.

See also electoral systems category for details of actual current or historical implementations.

In the actual electoral campaign, however, the new policy was not consistent.

They refrained from any involvement in electoral politics or the actual governance of their people.

From 1887, the provinces were abolished as actual administrative units, but were retained for some state services, especially finance services and education, as well as for electoral purposes.

The site's electoral vote prediction for the 2008 election was very close to the actual outcome, correctly projecting the winner of every state except for Indiana, and showing Missouri ( won by John McCain by only 0. 13 % of the vote ) as a pure tossup.

As for the candidate who led the coalition into the general election, Berlusconi experienced an actual loss of support from Union of Christian and Centre Democrats ( UDC ), who asked for a return of the electoral law to a proportional system ( which would most likely favour them ) and some sort of primary election to formally decide the next candidate to prime-ministership.

The popular vote numbers do not represent the actual number of voters however as urban voters in Calgary and Edmonton were allowed to place five votes and Medicine Hat voters 2 votes, as the districts contained 5 and 2 seats respectively, while rural voters in other constituencies only had 1 vote under the first past the post electoral system.

They move quickly from the board game to the actual mechanics of simulated elections in the classroom, so they can see the continuity between the abstractions of an electoral system and factions in a parliament, and the actual jobs politicians do.

His only actual electoral race was in the 1874 election ; in the 1878 election he was acclaimed again and did not seek a further term in office after that.

In electoral system that roughly follow the Westminster model, a terminology has evolved with roles such as Mayor or Warden to describe the executive of a city, town or region, although the actual means of elections vary.

However, the current consensus in the Earth science community is that this feature is unlikely to be an actual impact crater.

Although actual combat didn't spread to Finland until 1918, the war between Germany and Russia had a major impact on the Finns from its beginning in 1914.

Most meteorite falls are recovered on the basis of eye-witness accounts of the fireball or the actual impact of the object on the ground, or both.

Rutherford realized this, and also realized that actual impact of the alphas on gold causing any force-deviation from that of the 1 / r coulomb potential would change the form of his scattering curve at high scattering angles ( the smallest impact parameters ) from a hyperbola to something else.

But the impact on the actual programmes we offer will be quite modest ".

Different S. cerevisiae yeast strains have differing physiological and fermentative properties, therefore the actual strain of yeast selected can have a direct impact on the finished wine.

" He disagrees with the position that findings of chronic, global cognitive deficits should have no bearing on the risk-benefit ratio of ECT, and he believes it's important to address the " actual impact of these losses on the lives of individual patients.

The period between 1943 and 1950 in the history of Italian cinema is dominated by the impact of neorealism, which is properly defined as a moment or a trend in Italian film, rather than an actual school or group of theoretically motivated and like-minded directors and scriptwriters.

Despite the enormous impact of the Watergate scandal, the actual purpose of the break-in of the DNC offices has never been conclusively established.

The section requires proof that the announcement is both provably false, and has actual or likely market impact.

The novelization based on, as well as the actual game Rage, is based on an alternate future, where the end of the world is caused by impact with 99942 Apophis.

Critics of this ethics-driven approach to language tend to accept that idioms reflect underlying conceptual metaphors, but that actual grammar, and the more basic cross-cultural concepts of scientific method and mathematical practice tend to minimize the impact of metaphors.

The impact on actual team building can vary widely-a golf outing for corporate executives does not generally accomplish much in the way of organizational improvement while a business simulation might be directly focused on linking the play of the game to issues for corporate improvement.

Furthermore, to heighten the impact of the executions, Blofeld often chooses to focus attention on an innocent member, making it appear his death is imminent, only to suddenly strike down the actual target when that person is off guard.

Film critic Pauline Kael felt the film exaggerated the social impact of GM's closing of the plant and depicted the actual events of Flint's troubles out of chronological order.

During the transition period, some taxes were upheld based on a careful review of the actual economic impact of the tax, and other taxes were reviewed based on the kind of tax involved, whether the tax had a nefarious impact on commerce or not.

However advanced computer modelling of actual real world conditions and how they impact on the damage to modern urban areas has found that most scaling laws are too simplistic and tend to overestimate nuclear explosion effects.

The actual impact of this merger remains to be seen.

It is during this discussion that we learn a bit more about Johnny's past and his relationship with Nailbunny, as well as the actual impact the Doughboys have had, with Johnny remembering that they can now walk on their own.

The actual impact of the rise of Rome on the infrastructural capital of modern Europe was profound.

In addition, the guilty party must pay for all expenses incurred while setting the record straight about their product or company's actual environmental impact.

In these instances the ease of imagining an example or the vividness and emotional impact of that example becomes more credible than actual statistical probability.

it cannot bring them into actual play.

But one cannot escape the suspicion that all this non-stop harping on the misdeeds of the long liquidated `` anti-party '' group would be totally unnecessary if there were not, inside the party, some secret but genuine opposition to Khrushchev on vital doctrinal grounds, on the actual methods to be employed in the `` transition to communism '' and, last but not least, on foreign policy.

Therefore, if the sense of touch is functioning normally and there is a complete absence of spatial awareness in a psychically-blind person when the eyes are closed and an object is handled, the conclusion seems unavoidable that touch by itself cannot focus and take possession of the third-dimensionality of things and that actual sight or visual representations are necessary.

Still, these guesses about the outcome of the struggle cannot be as important as the actual power relationship between the Soviet Union and ourselves.

While it cannot be determined why exactly the government does not allow private cars to be fuelled by diesel, it has been pointed out that the government does receive a tax that is 150 % of the actual fuel cost.

He described Gnostic groups as sexual libertines, for example, when some of their own writings advocated chastity more strongly than did orthodox texts-yet the gnostic texts cannot be taken as guides to their actual practices, about which almost nothing is reliably known today.

Because the chromosomes cannot be distinguished in the synaptonemal complex, the actual act of crossing over is not perceivable through the microscope, and chiasmata are not visible until the next stage.

There are a variety of interpretations of the constants ' values, including that of a divine creator ( the apparent fine-tuning is actual and intentional ), or that ours is one universe of many in a multiverse ( e. g. the Many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics ), or even that a universe without the capacity for conscious beings cannot exist.

A popular modern philosophical view is that the brain cannot contain images so our sense of space must be due to the actual space occupied by physical things.

The actual entities of Whitehead, the occasions of experience, are logically atomic in the sense that an occasion of experience cannot be cut into two other occasions of experience.

Suppose we wish to deny that we can understand what an actual infinity is, and therefore we cannot understand what ( God's ) eternity is.

:" An actual infinite cannot exist.

:" An actual infinite cannot be completed by successive addition.

:" The temporal series of past events cannot be an actual infinite.

The rule applies at all levels within the hierarchy: the sum of the work at the “ child ” level must equal 100 % of the work represented by the “ parent ” and the WBS should not include any work that falls outside the actual scope of the project, that is, it cannot include more than 100 % of the work … It is important to remember that the 100 % rule also applies to the activity level.

" is used when the actual specific name cannot or need not be specified.

The actual duration and severity of perimenopause effects for any individual woman currently cannot be predicted in advance.

For example, in the Operation Spanner case, UK courts have ruled that individuals cannot legally consent to actual bodily harm in sadomasochistic sexual acts.

In a July 1, 2010, blog entry, Ebert maintained his skepticism that video games cannot ever be art in principle, but conceded that he should not have expressed this opinion without being more familiar with the actual experience of playing them.

The value of the derivatives market, because it is stated in terms of notional values, cannot be directly compared to a stock or a fixed income security, which traditionally refers to an actual value.

What seems to be recorded in this are the natural suspicions that fell on the chief beneficiaries of the murder ; their actions after the murder, however sympathetic they might seem ( if actual ), cannot prove their guilt in the deed itself.

An incoming request for a client-client connection cannot be linked with an actual connection.

Even as I fell I heard the door slam, which brought me a little comfort … that meant they were not pursuing me down the street with a stick, to beat me .”) “ into an environment where he cannot exist but cannot escape … Whereas Godot ’ s existence remains uncertain, here an external force exists ” “ represented by a sharp, inhuman, disembodied whistle ” which will not permit him to leave ; “ like Jacob, wrestles with it to illustrate its substance .” In simplistic terms the man ’ s actual fall could be seen to represent the fall of Man.