A final factor which contributed greatly to the fragmentation of the Congo, immediately after independence, was the provincial structure that had been established by the Belgians for convenience in administration.

Since military issues were not a government priority, Afonso established the state's administration and centralized power on himself.

The agreement proposed that an " international administration " would be established in an area shaded brown on the agreement's map, which was later to become Palestine, and that the form of the administration would be " decided upon after consultation with Russia, and subsequently in consultation with the other allies, and the representatives of the sheriff of Mecca ".

However, the French did not consolidate their control over the area until 1903, after having defeated the forces of Rabih in the battle of Kousséri, and established colonial administration throughout the territory.

In 1894, he established a permanent French administration in the city of Djibouti and named the region Côte française des Somalis ( French Somaliland ), a name which continued until 1967.

But then it was already a long established practice that Rome itself was only a ceremonial capital, as the actual seat of the Imperial administration was determined by the needs of defense.

In the Yalta and Potsdam conferences, the Allies established their joint military occupation and administration of Germany via the Allied Control Council ( ACC ), a four-power ( US, UK, USSR, France ) military government effective until the restoration of German sovereignty.

In 1655 the newly established English administration on Jamaica sponsored the re-occupation of Tortuga under Elias Watts as Governor.

Before Haiti established its independence from French administration in 1804, Haiti ranked as the world's richest and most productive colony.

In December 2001, after the Taliban government was toppled and the new Afghan government under Hamid Karzai was formed, the International Security Assistance Force ( ISAF ) was established by the UN Security Council to help assist the Karzai administration and provide basic security to the Afghan people.

; Pharmacology: While it is well established that the skin provides an ideal site for the administration of local and systemic drugs, it presents a formidable barrier to the permeation of most substances.

The government has established a Ministry of Ecology and Bioresources, with a separate administration for radioecology, but the ministry's programs are underfunded and given low priority.

Consequently, the association has been dynamically supportive in administration policies which deal with global trafficking, the production of goods, and many other issues, which are optimistic policies that will add to an established financial system.

As part of an effort to decentralize administration, Madagascar's six administrative provinces ( faritany mizakatena ), established under the French colonial authority in 1946, were subdivided into 22 regions ( faritra ) in 2004.

In 1947, a trusteeship was established by the United Nations, and Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom became the U. N. trustees of the island, with administration passing mostly to Australia.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

This organization established central and bureaucratic insurance offices on the Federal, and in some cases the State level to perform the actual administration.

A regional peace-monitoring force and a UN observer mission monitors the government and provincial leaders who have established an interim administration and are working toward complete surrender of weapons, the election of a provincial government and an eventual referendum on independence.

The Act established a force in each barony with chief constables and inspectors general under the control of the civil administration at Dublin Castle.

In 1778 a " Committee of Good Order " ( Komisja Dobrego Porządku ) was established in the city, which oversaw rebuilding efforts and reorganized the city's administration.

This institution was established to supervise the administration of Tibet and the Mongol lands.

After three years of military administration by the United States, the South Korean government was established.

To maintain the political power and security of the Nazi party ( and later the nation ), the SS established and ran the SD ( Security service ) and took over the administration of Gestapo ( Secret state police ), Kripo ( criminal investigative police ), and the Orpo ( regular uniformed police ).

The Secretary of State himself, in his first speech, gave some idea of the tremendous march of events inside and outside the United States that has preoccupied the new administration in the past four months.

Of the 227 major dams in the Columbia River drainage basin, the four Washington dams on the lower Snake River are often identified for removal, notably in an ongoing lawsuit concerning a Bush administration plan for salmon recovery.

On 15 July 2008, the Committee that oversees the administration of the convention between meetings of all the Parties granted China and Japan permission to import elephant ivory from four African government stockpiles, the ivory being sold at a single auction in each country.

During four years he did not participate in new expeditions, occupying his time in the administration of his belongings and those of Pizarro.

According to a story told decades later by George Bancroft, Polk set four clearly defined goals for his administration:

Following the Greater London Council election in 1981, the incoming Labour administration simplified fares in Greater London by introducing four new bus fare zones and two central London Underground zones, named City and West End, where flat fares applied for the first time.

Traditionally earned over four years of full-time study, the student earned either a Bachelor of Arts degree or a Bachelor of Science degree ; on completing undergraduate study, students might progress to either a graduate school or a professional school ( public administration, engineering, business, law, medicine, theology ).

The study examines the potential impacts of trade facilitation reforms in four areas: port efficiency, customs administration, information technology, and regulatory environment ( including standards ).

Penicillin is actively excreted, and about 80 % of a penicillin dose is cleared from the body within three to four hours of administration.

While addressing the officers and cadets at the Naval War College, general Karamat stressed the creation of National Security Council which would be backed by a " team of civil-military experts " for devising policies to seek resolution ongoing problems relating the civil-military issues ; also recommended a " neutral but competent bureaucracy and administration of at federal level and the establishment of Local governments in four provinces.

The Presbyterian Church ( U. S. A ) has a representative form of government, known as presbyterian polity, with four levels of government and administration, as outlined in the Book of Order.

In the last six months of the Clinton administration, United States Secretary of State Madeleine Albright announced that the term " rogue state " would be abolished in June 2000, in favour of " states of concern ," as three of the rogue states ( Libya, Iran and North Korea ) no longer met the four transgressions which defined a rogue state.

In its first 50 days in office, Prime Minister Mohamed's new administration completed its first monthly payment of stipends to government soldiers, and initiated the implementation of a full biometric register for the security forces within a window of four months.

A Court of Quarter Sessions was held four times a year in each district to oversee the administration of the district and deal with legal cases.

After four years in the private practice of law he was appointed the Ambassador to Great Britain during the second administration of U. S. President Grover Cleveland.

Having persuaded Ottokar's former ally Duke Henry XIII of Lower Bavaria to switch sides, Rudolph compelled the Bohemian king to cede the four provinces to the control of the royal administration in November 1276.

Some business schools offer programs in which students can earn both a bachelor's degree in business administration and an MBA in four or five years.

President Polk declared that reduction of the " Black Tariff " would be the first of the " four great measures " that would define his administration.

Being one of the four leaders was considered the highest honor for a leader ; however, the annual gathering meant the majority of tribal administration was cared for by the usual leaders of each division.

He is likewise said to have taught his subjects the art of navigation ; and, for the better administration of justice and intercourse among them, to have divided them into the four tribes called Cecropis, Autochthon, Actea, and Paralia.

During this time, administration went from two people to four people.

Beginning about four miles ( 6 km ) south of town along Elk Hills Road, between Buttonwillow and Taft, is the enormous Elk Hills Oil Field, formerly the Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 1, which figured prominently in the Teapot Dome scandal that tarnished the administration of President Warren G. Harding.

Kouts is also home to the East Porter County School Corporation's central administration office which oversees the operation of four other public schools in Porter County.

Some officers further their college education by attending a two year or four year college or university, attaining a degree in criminal justice or administration of criminal justice.

There are four divisions of tribal administration: Health & Human Services, Judicial Services, Tribal Programs and Support Services.