While emphasis was placed on the airborne assault the German messages mentioned seaborne operations, which seriously affected Freyberg's troop deployment, as he expected an amphibious landing, consequently detracting from the defence of the main German objective of the Maleme airfield.

Operation Skyscraper, for example, called for the deployment of two airborne divisions to land near Caen the east coast of the Cotentin Peninsula in support of an invasion of Normandy by five divisions, whose objective would be the capture of Cherbourg and then breaking out to the east of Normandy.

Having achieved its objective, the battalion then moved north and took up positions near Le Mesnail to widen the airborne bridgehead formed by the division.

The two airborne divisions would be dropped behind German lines, with their objective to land around Wesel and disrupt enemy defences in order to aid the advance of the British Second Army.

The airborne division's next objective was now the airfield at Gioia del Colle.

The airborne units were dropped near several key bridges along the axis of advance of the ground forces, Operation Garden, with the objective of capturing the bridges intact in order to allow a deep penetration into German occupied Holland and to capture the key bridge crossing the Rhine river at Arnhem.

The two airborne divisions would be dropped behind German lines, with their objective to land around Wesel and disrupt enemy defences in order to aid the advance of the British Second Army towards Wesel.

The phase commenced with an in-flight rigging and airborne assault — or an air assault landing by non airborne personnel, onto an objective.

" The phase culminated with an airborne assault — with non-Airborne trucked — by the entire class on a joint objective.

In essence, it is an airborne back-deck roll with the prime objective being hopping the boat into the air and rotating it over the body before it lands.

On 13 August, airborne forces under the command of First Allied Airborne Army were moved to airfields in Northern France in readiness to participate in Operation Transfigure, whose objective was to block the retreat of these German forces.

The two airborne divisions would be dropped behind German lines, with their objective to land around Wesel and disrupt enemy defences in order to aid the advance of the British Second Army towards Wesel.

Tracks in the snow showed the plane was airborne in less than a hundred feet.

Antibiosis was first described in 1877 in bacteria when Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch observed that an airborne bacillus could inhibit the growth of Bacillus anthracis.

As such he was the principal field commander for the failed airborne attempt to bridge the Rhine at Arnhem and the Allied Rhine crossing.

Cooper countered that it was indeed safe, but he would not argue the point ; he would lower it himself once they were airborne.

The low-pressure direct gasoline injection developed by R Sarich was tested by Ford in an automobile size 2-stroke engine, and in 2012, Orbital won a contract by the Australia government for a two-stroke, direct injection engine for airborne drones.

The nation was liberated largely by Canadian troops, with the assistance of the British, American and Polish forces, ( see Operation Market Garden ) and French airborne ( see Operation Amherst ).

Leading up to the 1998 return, an airborne observing campaign was organized to mobilize modern observing techniques by Peter Jenniskens at NASA Ames Research Center.

A line of development in the Soviet Armed Forces from the 1980s was the provision of specialized IFVs for use by their airborne forces.

This was far in excess of what Kriegsmarine could supply, and final plans were more modest, calling for nine divisions to make an amphibious landing with around 67, 000 men in the first echelon and an airborne division to support them.

The beret was the origin of the German nickname for British airborne troops, The Red Devils.

* Strategic Air Command-The arm of the United States Air Force that was responsible for strategic power projection and control of the US's airborne nuclear deterrent.

As a backup to this potentiality, the concept of a SAC airborne command post was developed.

As a result, one of SAC's EC-135 Looking Glass aircraft was constantly airborne from 1961 until the dissoultion of the Soviet Union and the de facto end of the Cold War in 1990.

In 1987 Bill Elliot's asphalt blistering qualifying time at Talladega brought about a change at superspeedways ( Daytona and Talladega ). Such high speeds and Bobby Allison's car going airborne into the catch-fence and injuring fans forced NASCAR to implement power-reducing measures, one of which was the mandated implement of below carburetor restrictor plates.

The chase featured a spectacular motorcycle stunt: stuntman Ronald " Duffy " Hambleton ( credited as Duffy Hamilton ), rode his police bike full speed into a fallen paint stand ( with a ramp built to Hambleton's specification ), flew over the handlebars, was hit by the airborne bike, landed in the street on his back, and slammed into the crashed car that Duvall's character had escaped in-evidently the subject of a comment by Lucas detailing a " motorcycle disaster " during the filming.

This was " rewarded " with the 2011 Ig Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Makoto Imai, Naoki Urushihata, Hideki Tanemura, Yukinobu Tajima, Hideaki Goto, Koichiro Mizoguchi and Junichi Murakami for determining the ideal density of airborne wasabi ( pungent horseradish ) to wake people in event of an emergency.

Operation Gibraltar was codename of an airborne mission to infiltrate in Indian Kashmir, and was originally planned to executed by Army ( Special Service Group ) and PAF ( Special Service Wing ).

At night of September 1965, airborne troops began to parachuted in Indian Kashmir and an assault was begun by Pakistan Army's ground troops.

The Pakistan Airborne troops managed to occupy much of the Indian-held Kashmir and was only 6 mile ( 10 km ) away from Srinagar, this was the closest Pakistan airborne troops were ever got to capture the city.

In the United States, naturally occurring airborne yeasts were used almost exclusively until commercial yeast was marketed at the Centennial Exposition in 1876 in Philadelphia, where Charles L. Fleischmann exhibited the product and a process to use it, as well as serving the resultant baked bread.

The Sheridan was a light aluminum-armored AFV designed to be air transportable and provide antitank support for airborne forces.

One of the first uses of airborne radio relay was by the United States Army's 1st Cavalry Division in the Battle of Ia Drang during the Vietnam War, which employed the technique to improve communications with commanders at headquarters.

The use of airborne radio relay was a great success, although two problems arose during the Vietnam War.

The concentration of methane and other airborne contaminants underground can generally be controlled by dilution ( ventilation ), capture before entering the host air stream ( methane drainage ), or isolation ( seals and stoppings ).

During the airborne phase of the Normandy invasion on the night of 5 – 6 June 1944, British 6th Airborne Division captured all its key objectives in advance of the seaborne assault, including the capture and holding at all costs of a vital bridge over the Caen Canal, near Ouistreham.

** WWII – Operation Varsity: Two airborne divisions capture bridges across the Rhine River to aid the Allied advance.

Polish ground troops were present in the North Africa Campaign ( siege of Tobruk ); the Italian campaign ( including the capture of the monastery hill at the Battle of Monte Cassino ); and in battles following the invasion of France ( the battle of the Falaise pocket ; and an airborne brigade parachute drop during Operation Market Garden ).

Torch was the first major airborne assault carried out by the U. S. The U. S. 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment flew all the way from Britain, over Spain, intending to drop near Oran and capture airfields at Tafraoui and La Senia respectively and south of Oran.

The original plan for the airborne operations had called for all three to employ parachutists, but in May Montgomery altered the plan ; after determining that airborne troops would be a considerable distance from Allied ground forces, he believed that the force sent to capture Syracuse would be served best by gliders in order to provide them with the maximum possible amount of firepower.

The second British airborne mission, Operation Glutton, was to have been undertaken by the 2nd Parachute Brigade on the night of 10 – 11 July, aiming to capture a bridge beside Augusta.

The Allies attempted to capture bridges with an airborne assault, to open the way into Germany and liberate the northern Netherlands.

It was staged in the Netherlands with two American and one British airborne divisions and a Polish parachute brigade being dropped to capture bridges over the lower Rhine before they were blown by the Germans.

* May 21 – German airborne forces belatedly capture Maleme airfield on Crete, allowing an airlift of 5, 000 German mountain troops to begin.

The Battle of Greece ended with the German entry into Athens and the capture of the Peloponnese, although about 40, 000 Allied soldiers were evacuated to Crete, prompting one of the largest airborne attacks in the history of warfare: Operation Merkur, or the Battle of Crete.

A German airborne landing at the Hague, intended to capture the Dutch royal family and the government, turned into a disaster for the Germans, and about 1, 500 of the paratroopers and airlanding troops that had not been killed were captured and shipped to Britain.

The skillful airborne seizure of Fort Eben-Emael permitted the early capture of Belgium and, alongside successful operations in Holland, was crucial for the speed of the German victories in 1940.

Operation Market was to be the largest airborne operation in history, dropping three and a half divisions of U. S., British and Polish paratroopers to capture key bridges and prevent their demolition by the Germans.

An airborne force would capture the Viet Minh leadership and three French columns would strike into the Viet Minh heartland.

One of the tactics employed by blitzkrieg was the use of paratroops and airborne forces to capture or destroy in advance, air bases.

The Greek island of Crete was under attack by German airborne troops and the British garrison was in danger of capture.

The conquest of Greece was completed in May with the capture of Crete from the air, although the Fallschirmjäger suffered such extensive casualties in this operation that the Germans abandoned large-scale airborne operations for the remainder of the war.