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The axle box suspension usually consists of a spring between the bogie frame and axle bearings to permit up-and-down movement, and sliders to prevent lateral movement.
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axle and box
* Axle box suspensions absorb shocks between the axle bearings and the bogie frame.
Each spring was connected to the outermost edge of the axle by a roller bearing contained in oil-filled axle box.
It was a heavy, cast-steel design weighing about, with sealed roller bearings on the axle ends, avoiding the need to maintain axle box oil levels.
By tracing the Vehicle Identification Number ( VIN ) of a rear axle found in the wreckage, the FBI identified the vehicle as a Ryder Rental box truck rented from Junction City, Kansas.
Non-collapsible steering columns fitted to older vehicles very often impaled drivers in frontal crashes, particularly when the steering box or rack was mounted in front of the front axle line, at the front of the crumple zone.
A lockable tool box may be seen on the front axle ; the ' spud tray ' would be mounted in the same way, behind the axle.
This early range included two axle passenger cars, two axle box cars and tank cars, all made of plastic.
The box section frame contained the main fuel tank which fed by gravity a smaller tank mounted on the axle.
the leaking petrol was probably ignited by a hot axle box.
: 40 Journal box — Contains the plain bearing for a driver wheel's axle.
The motor can be clearly seen behind the axle with the gear box with the writing on it in the center.
To address the problem of operation at speed, the sprung mounting for the levers was connected directly to the locomotive's axle box to ensure correct alignment.
Controlled from a central cab the locomotives had two Gardner engines of 224 hp, one under each end casing, driving through a fluid coupling and Wilson gear box the inner axle of the opposite bogie, through a spiral-bevel-reverse and reduction gear box.
The smaller one to the right is a drip-feed lubricator. A Mechanical lubricator, or automatic lubricator, is a device fitted to a steam engine to supply lubricating oil to the cylinders and, sometimes, the bearings and axle box mountings as well.
The mainspring is coiled around a stationary axle ( arbor ), inside a cylindrical box, the barrel.
The axle box grease lubricators were not as efficient as they needed, particularly when maintenance procedures lapsed or were delayed for operational war reasons, and so axle boxes often ran hot.
Parts requiring modifications included the axle box suspension and the Mirlees engine cylinder head.
axle and suspension
* primary suspension via a coil spring and damper mounted on each axle
Another benefit of solid axle vehicles is they tend to be easier and cheaper to " lift " with aftermarket suspension systems.
Basic front-suspension configuration is double wishbone ( made compulsory for both makes through Project Blueprint ), whilst rear suspension is a " live axle " design, using 4 longitudinal links and Watt's linkage for lateral location.
* Steer axle, 2 axles, 2 tyres per axle: Non load sharing suspension
The rear is traditionally live axle, but has many variants including independent rear suspension or De Dion tube.
It also used a live axle rear suspension.
Porsche already preferred the flat-four engine, and selected a swing axle rear suspension ( invented by Edmund Rumpler ), while Zündapp insisted on a water-cooled five-cylinder radial engine.
The Beetle is also used as the basis for the Formula Vee open-wheel racing category – specifically, the front suspension crossmember assembly ( the shock absorber mounts are sometimes removed, depending on regulations in the class ), and the engine and transaxle assembly ( usually the earlier swing-axle type, not the later double-jointed axle ).
Coil springs are located at each of the four wheels, and suspension is independent in front, whereas the rear axle is a 5 link live-type, with ratios between 3. 90 and 4. 30 depending on the model and market.
Other parts that can be salvaged from a donor VW for use in a Dune Buggy include the front axle and suspension, frame, pedal assembly, shock absorbers, seats, battery, fuel tank ( 1961 or later ), steering column, brakes, instruments and switches, windshield wiper, horn and emergency flasher unit.
The suspension system used front leading arms and rear trailing arms, connected to eight torsion bars mounted beneath the rear seat: a bar for the front axle, one for the rear axle, an intermediate bar for each side, and an overload bar for each side.
Ford has confirmed the 2015 Mustang will replace the traditional solid rear axle suspension with an independent rear suspension, and that an EcoBoost engine option will be available, likely as a turbocharged 4-cylinder, as well as a smaller-displacement, high-output V6 ( code-named Nano ) and V8 engine.
Due to the inadequate suspension on the single axle trucks ( bogies ) between the cars, the tilt system required a direct connection between bogies and coaches.
Thus even transverse pairs of wheels in an independent suspension are usually called " an axle ".
Like a full floating axle system, the shafts in an independent suspension system do not support any vehicle weight.
The Vega production cars ( Facel FV, later and more famously the HK500 ) appeared in 1954 using Chrysler V8 engines, at first a DeSoto Hemi engine ; the overall engineering was straightforward, with a tubular chassis, double wishbone suspension at the front and a solid driven axle at the back, as in standard American practice.
A live axle, sometimes called a solid axle, is a type of beam axle suspension system that uses the drive shafts that transmit power to the wheels to connect the wheels laterally so that they move together as a unit.
Others, particularly older vehicles, use Hotchkiss drive, in which the leaf springs provide axle location as well as suspension.
axle and usually
The side frame of the bogie was usually of bar construction, with simple horn guides attached, allowing the axle boxes vertical movements between them.
The cargo trailer usually has a " tandem " axle pair at the rear, each of which has dual wheels, or eight wheels on the trailer.
In Europe usually only the rear tractor axle has twin wheels, while larger size single wheels are used for the cargo trailer.
In addition to the most common three axles variant, cargo trailers with only two or only one axle are in use, again usually with larger single wheels.
At 44 tonnes, as opposed to 60 tonnes usually associated with B-Trains, the Eco-Link also exerts less weight per axle on the road compared to the standard 6 axle 44 tonne articulated combination.
Modern on-highway diesel engines are designed to provide maximum torque in a narrow RPM range ( usually 1200-1500 RPM ); having more gear ratios means the driver can hold the engine in its optimum range regardless of road speed ( drive axle ratio is also a critical factor ).
The wheel usually looks like a bicycle wheel with a special hub designed so the axle is a fixed part of the hub.
In the " off-string " technique, the yo-yo's string is not tied directly to the yo-yo's axle, and the yo-yo is usually launched into the air by performing a " forward pass " to be caught again on the string.
The axle shafts ( usually C. V. type ) then transmit driving torque to the wheels.
Semi trailers usually have a tandem axle at the rear.
Steering is either through a single handlebar linked with tie rods to the front wheels ' stub axle assemblies ( Indirect ) or with two handlebars ( rather, two half-handlebars ) each bolted to a steerer tube, usually through a bicycle-type headset and connected to a stub axle assembly ( Direct ).
The configuration of driver and passenger seats vary by design, though passenger seats are usually located above the span of the longest axle.
In vehicles without a differential, such as karts, both driving wheels are forced to rotate at the same speed, usually on a common axle driven by a simple chain-drive mechanism.
This does not effectively locate the axle longitudinally, therefore it is usually used in conjunction with trailing arms which stabilize the axle in the longitudinal direction.
The two cranks, one on each side and usually mounted 180 ° out of phase, connect the bottom bracket axle to the pedals.
In bicycle hub gears, the sun is usually stationary, being keyed to the axle or even machined directly onto it.
4-6-2, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles ( usually in a leading truck ), six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle ( usually in a trailing truck ).
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