It did not care what sort of person prowled its woods, plucked at its bark or stripped the berries from its bushes.

Every morning early, in the summer, we searched the trunks of the trees as high as we could reach for the locust shells, carefully detached their hooked claws from the bark where they hung, and stabled them, a weird faery herd, in an angle between the high roots of the tulip tree, where no grass grew in the dense shade.

Another poultice was made from the inner bark of the elm tree, steeped in water until it formed a sticky, gummy solution.

She stared at the pale tracings on the tree, hearing her breath refracted from it, her face close and touching at time the rough edges of the bark.

Blackfeet Indians used an infusion made from the bark of red alder to treat lymphatic disorders and tuberculosis.

Early boats include the bound-reed style of boat seen in Ancient Egypt, the birch bark canoe, the animal hide-covered kayak and coracle and the dugout canoe made from a single log.

Others are simple derivatives of botanical natural products ; for example, the pain killer aspirin is derived from salicylic acid which originally came from the bark of willow trees.

In addition to the production of nutmeg and mace, Banda maintained significant entrepot trade ; goods that moved through Banda included cloves from Ternate and Tidore in the north, bird of paradise feathers from the Aru Islands and western New Guinea, massoi bark for traditional medicines, and slaves.

The stream was also the transportation route for their birch bark canoes, which could travel from Lake Winnipesaukee to the Atlantic Ocean.

derived from the bark of the Pacific Yew tree.

By far the greatest source of dyes has been from the plant kingdom, notably roots, berries, bark, leaves and wood, but only a few have ever been used on a commercial scale.

The majority of natural dyes are from plant sources – roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood, fungi, and lichens.

She slowly began to turn into a black poplar, the bark spreading up her legs from the earth, but just before the woody stiffness finally reached her throat and as her arms began sprouting twigs her husband Andraemon heard her cries and came to her.

Frost crack is a bark defect caused by a combination of low temperatures and heat from the winter sun.

Wattle bark found use with tanners and the bark from stringybark trees was used for roofing of huts.

Then the bark was pounded from the branches and soaked in water for eight days.

Most Protea species can be placed in one of two broad groups according to their response to fire: reseeders are killed by fire, but fire also triggers the release of their canopy seed bank, thus promoting recruitment of the next generation ; resprouters survive fire, resprouting from a lignotuber or, more rarely, epicormic buds protected by thick bark.

According to Junius, sometime in the 1420s, Coster was in the Haarlemmerhout carving letters from bark for the amusement of his grandchildren, and observed that the letters left impressions on the sand.

In Russia birch bark documents as old as from the 11th century have survived.

At the beginning of the spring thaw, they used stone tools to make V-shaped incisions in tree trunks ; they then inserted reeds or concave pieces of bark to run the sap into buckets, which were often made from birch bark.

Malpighi observed that when a ring-like portion of bark was removed on a trunk a swelling occurred in the tissues above the ring, and he correctly interpreted this as growth stimulated by food coming down from the leaves, and being blocked above the ring.

Inland areas with good river or wetland systems also tend to use much of the local freshwater fish & crustaceans as part of their diets, which can be prepared either using a local ingredient with mainstream methods, or cooked whole in traditional Aboriginal styles wrapped using leaves such as native ginger ( where available ) or in bark such as from the paperbark tree, which is common in wetland or marshy areas and river systems.

Norman Tindale quotes Alfred Howitt as mentioning several of these local groups of the tribe, for example, the Narrandera ( prickly lizard ), Cootamundra ( Kuta-mundra ) from kutamun turtle, Murranbulla or Murring-bulle ( maring-bula, two bark canoes ).

The center of the village was nearly parallel to Biddle Avenue between Oak and Eureka streets near the river and its sandy beach, which was a welcome feature to the local tribesmen, as their main mode of transportation to the fort in Detroit was by birch bark canoe.

Medford, Perkinstown and Rib Lake had tanneries, which used local hemlock bark in the tanning process.

He is identified with the local brew, balche, made from fermented honey to which the bark of the balche tree has been added.

Historic sources of revenue included logging, harvesting of cascara bark, and mining for cinnabar ( mercury ore ) in local mines.

The National Park management came under fire from the local communities as a result of the bark beetle measures that were subsequently needed.

Empowered by the Dutch Elm Disease ( Local Authorities ) ( Amendment ) Order 1988, local authorities may order the destruction of any infected trees or timber, although in practice they usually do it themselves, successfully reducing the numbers of elm bark beetle Scolytus spp., the vector of elm disease.

Along with industries based on tanoak bark harvesting, gold mining, and limestone processing, the local economy provided more jobs and supported a larger population than today.

* 1540 to 1640: Hailsham was one of the chief centres of leatherwork and tanning ( using local oak bark ) due to being a thriving cattle market town.

It is a local name of the type of an elm tree the bark of which at that time was utilized in making of shoes as well as used as the writing medium ( see Novgorod Codex ).

On Chatham Islands this tree ( local name-kopi ) has played distinguished role in the history of Moriori people: the soft bark of these trees has been used for making dendroglyphs.

Commonly used local names include: In English it may be called bark cloth tree, antiaris, false iroko, false mvule or upas tree.

Fast Tony, a local con artist is claiming that the earth will flood and that the bark and reeds which he sells are needed to stay alive.

These pieces of bark were cut out with stone axes and used by the local Aboriginal people to make canoes to use on the Hawkesbury River.

These mats are woven using the strands of the bark of Hibiscus tiliaceus ( the same tree which is used for making tapa cloth in Polynesia and a kind of local grass called ' hau ', which may be dyed in yellow or black.

A stringybark can be any of the many Eucalyptus species which have thick, fibrous bark.

The treefellers found tall stringybark gumtrees ( E. cephalocarpa ) with large, uniform patches of bark missing.

In recent years the largest of the trees, Kirk's " Minister's Pine ", has been damaged by vandals who have hammered coins into the bark.

Like many forest ungulates bongos are herbivorous browsers and feed on tree / bush leaves, bushes, vines, bark and pith of rotting trees, grasses / herbs, roots, cereals, shrubs and fruits.

The first of these is the appearance of bark-bearing trees ( and in particular the evolution of the bark fiber lignin ).

Both wood and bark cells of trees have secondary walls.

The walls of cork cells in the bark of trees are impregnated with suberin, and suberin also forms the permeability barrier in primary roots known as the Casparian strip.

Here the abbot and his monks led the simplest of lives, their food often consisting of nothing but forest herbs, berries, and the bark of young trees.

The bird uses its enormous white bill to hammer, wedge, and peel the bark off dead trees to find the insects.

Rabbits eat the bark of olive trees and can do considerable damage, especially to young trees.

The Peruvians would mix the ground bark of cinchona trees with sweetened water to offset the bark's bitter taste, thus producing tonic water.

In areas with an abundance of timber, wooden shingles are used, while in some countries the bark of certain trees can be peeled off in thick, heavy sheets and used for roofing.

To conserve water, trees have thick bark ; most have tiny leaves, and some drop their leaves during this season.

Chimpanzees near Kédougou, Senegal have been observed to create spears by breaking straight limbs off trees, stripping them of their bark and side branches, and sharpening one end with their teeth.

Many trees in temperate zones make one growth ring each year, with the newest adjacent to the bark.

The trees will drip latex for about four hours, stopping as latex coagulates naturally on the tapping cut, thus blocking the latex tubes in the bark.

* Bark: Neem bark contains 14 % tannin, an amount similar to that in conventional tannin yielding trees ( such as Acacia decurrens ).

Many, but far from all, are known as gum trees because many species exude copious sap from any break in the bark ( e. g. scribbly gum ).

The smooth upper bark of the half-barks and that of the completely smooth-barked trees and mallees can produce remarkable colour and interest, for example E. deglupta.

The bark is deeply ridged, composed of thin, woodlike plates separating heavy layers of cork ; bark of trees over 1 m ( 3 feet ) in diameter is from 15 – 20 cm ( 6-8 inches ) thick.

Pseudotsuga macrocarpa, has several features to tolerate and survive wildfire, notably the very thick bark, and the presence of numerous adventitious buds on the upper side of the branches ; this enables the trees to survive even crown fires which burn off all the branchlets, the apparently dead trees becoming green again the following spring.