This relatively close packing leads to a high density of 6. 697 g / cm < sup > 3 </ sup >, but the weak bonding between the layers leads to the low hardness and brittleness of antimony.

Benzene, C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon and was recognized as the first aromatic hydrocarbon, with the nature of its bonding first being recognized by Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz in the 19th century.

The chemical bonding of nanotubes is composed entirely of sp < sup > 2 </ sup > bonds, similar to those of graphite.

The bonding between the two atoms is relatively weak ( only 242. 580 ± 0. 004 kJ / mol ), which makes the Cl < sub > 2 </ sub > molecule highly reactive.

The deficiencies of valence bond theory became apparent when hypervalent molecules ( e. g. PF < sub > 5 </ sub >) were explained without the use of d orbitals that were crucial to the bonding hybridisation scheme proposed for such molecules by Pauling.

In the molecule H < sub > 2 </ sub >, the hydrogen atoms share the two electrons via covalent bonding.

If the ambient temperature exceeds T < sub > m </ sub >, the homologous pairing of the sticky ends would not be stable because the high temperature disrupts hydrogen bonding.

Inorganic compounds show rich variety: A: Diborane features Three-center two-electron bond | unusual bonding B: Caesium chloride has an archetypal crystal structure C: Cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl dimer | Fp < sub > 2 </ sub > is an Organometallic chemistry | organometallic complex D: Polydimethylsiloxane | Silicone's uses range from breast implant s to Silly Putty E: Grubbs ' catalyst won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry | 2005 Nobel Prize for Robert H. Grubbs | its discoverer F: Zeolite s find extensive use as molecular sieve s G: Copper ( II ) acetate surprised Theoretical chemistry | theoreticians with its diamagnetism

However, 2 + ions ( Be < sup > 2 +</ sup >) or even 1 + ( Li < sup >+</ sup >) show some polarizing power because their sizes are so small ( e. g., LiI is ionic but has some covalent bonding present ).

Simple oxides are characterized by O < sup > 2 -</ sup > as the main anion and primarily ionic bonding.

For a bonding MO with σ-symmetry, the orbital can be labeled σ < sub > g </ sub >, and for an antibonding MO with σ-symmetry the orbital can be labeled σ < sub > u </ sub >, because inversion through the center of symmetry for Figure 4 ( b ) would produce a sign change.

For a bonding MO with π-symmetry the orbital can be labeled π < sub > u </ sub > because inversion through the center of symmetry for Figure 5 ( c ) would produce a sign change.

For example, in the homonuclear diatomic molecules of the first ten elements, the molecular orbitals derived from the p < sub > x </ sub > and the p < sub > y </ sub > atomic orbitals result in two degenerate bonding orbitals ( of low energy ) and two degenerate antibonding orbitals ( of high energy ).

For example, N < sub > 2 </ sub >, with eight electrons in bonding orbitals and two electrons in antibonding orbitals, has a bond order of three, which constitutes a triple bond.

Delocalization — bonding that involves more than one pair of atoms held together by one pair of electrons — is most familiar from the example of benzene C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >, where six electrons from six carbon atoms are engaged in joint aromatic bonding.

Sorosilicates, also termed disilicates, have tetrahedron-tetrahedron bonding at one oxygen, which results in a 2: 7 ratio of silicon to oxygen.

Other hydrogen bonding modes (" wobble pairings ") are available in both DNA and RNA, although the additional 2 '- hydroxyl group of RNA expands the configurations, through which RNA can form hydrogen bonds.

Bonding diagram of diborane ( B < sub > 2 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >) showing with curved lines a pair of three-center two-electron bond s, each of which consists of a pair of electrons bonding three atoms, two boron atoms and a hydrogen atom in the middle.

DOCSIS 2. 0 added support for S-CDMA PHY, while DOCSIS 3. 0 added IPv6 support and channel bonding to allow a single cable modem to use concurrently more than one upstream channel and more than one downstream channel in parallel.

This supplementary act extended the bonding provision ( i. e. Section 2 of the initial Embargo Act ) to those of purely domestic trades:

* Sections 1 and 2 of the supplementary act required bonding to coasting, fishing and whaling ships and vessels.

The 2 B channels can be aggregated by channel bonding providing a total data rate of 128 kbit / s.

The elongated Cu-S < sub > 2 </ sub > bonding destabilises the Cu < sup > II </ sup > form and increases the redox potential of the protein.

For example, the molecule CH < sub > 2 </ sub >= CH – CH < sub > 2 </ sub >– CH = CH < sub > 2 </ sub > ( 1, 4-pentadiene ) is homoconjugated because the two C = C double bonds ( which are π-systems because each double bond contains one π bond ) are separated by one CH < sub > 2 </ sub > group .< ref > Some orbital overlap is possible even between bonds separated by one ( or more ) CH < sub > 2 </ sub > because the bonding electrons occupy orbitals which are quantum-mechanical functions and extend indefinitely in space.

The bonding in carbon dioxide ( CO < sub > 2 </ sub >): all atoms are surrounded by 8 electrons, fulfilling the octet rule.

Using the nomenclature of " hapticity ", the equivalent bonding of all 5 carbon atoms of a cyclopentadienyl ring is denoted as η < sup > 5 </ sup >, pronounced " pentahapto.

Because of weak bonding between the layers, gray arsenic is brittle and has a relatively low Mohs hardness of 3. 5.

Bonding can be described with three bonding electron pairs and two antibonding electrons, whose spins are aligned, such that the molecule has nonzero total angular momentum.

" Gossip has also been identified by Robin Dunbar, an evolutionary biologist, as aiding social bonding in large groups.

In simple chemistry, as per valence bond theory, the carbon atom must follow the " 4-hydrogen rule ", which states that the maximum number of atoms available to bond with carbon is equal to the number of electrons that are attracted into the outer shell of carbon. In terms of shells, carbon consists of an incomplete outer shell, which comprises 4 electrons, and thus has 4 electrons available for covalent or dative bonding.

Human sexual activity has sociological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral and biological aspects, including physiological processes such as the reproductive mechanism, the sex drive and pathology ; sexual intercourse and sexual behavior in all its forms ; and personal bonding and shared emotions during sexual activity.

However, it also has some features of covalent bonding: it is directional, stronger than a van der Waals interaction, produces interatomic distances shorter than sum of van der Waals radii, and usually involves a limited number of interaction partners, which can be interpreted as a kind of valence.

It has sites for amino acid attachment and an anticodon region for codon recognition that binds to a specific sequence on the messenger RNA chain through hydrogen bonding.

For example, non-penetrative sex ( such as non-penetrative cunnilingus ) has been referred to as " outercourse ", but may also be among the sexual acts contributing to human bonding and considered intercourse.

* At 4181. 3 J /( kg · K ), water has a high specific heat capacity, as well as a high heat of vaporization (), both of which are a result of the extensive hydrogen bonding between its molecules.

Within the sheet, the bonding is covalent and has hexagonal symmetry, but there are no covalent bonds between the sheets, making graphite easy to cleave into flakes.

This method has been debated, with claims that the thinning process leaves elemental artifacts on a surface and / or creates damaged layers that distort bonding and promote chemical mixing in the sample.

The assumption that innate power of kin recognition must be present, and that cue-based mediation of social cooperation based on limited dispersal and shared developmental context are not sufficient, has obscured significant progress made in applying kin selection and inclusive fitness theory to a wide variety of species, including humans, on the basis of cue-based mediation of social bonding and social behaviours.

EELS has historically been a more difficult technique but is in principle capable of measuring atomic composition, chemical bonding, valence and conduction band electronic properties, surface properties, and element-specific pair distance distribution functions.

The bonding in boron has been described as being characteristic of behaviour intermediate between metals and nonmetallic covalent network solids ( a classic example of the latter being diamond ).

The porphyrin ring has 4 nitrogen atoms that bind to the iron, leaving two other coordination positions of the iron available for bonding to the histidine of the protein and a divalent atom.

* Carbon monoxide inhalation, such as from a car exhaust: carbon monoxide has a higher affinity than oxygen to the hemoglobin in the blood's red blood corpuscles, bonding with it tenaciously, and, in the process, displacing oxygen and preventing the blood from transporting oxygen around the body

Helen Spitz ' boyfriend, Who also has two twin daughter's Lara And Sara who drive Sharon crazy, he struggles hard to be supportive of her and tries bonding with her offspring with not always successful results especially with Sharon or Adam.

It has been suggested that " the state of limerence is the conscious experience of sexual incentive motivation " during attachment formation: " a kind of subjective experience of sexual incentive motivation " during the " intensive ... pair-forming stage " of human affectional bonding.

* Selective AVPr1a blockade in the ventral pallidum has been shown to prevent partner preference, suggesting that these receptors in this ventral forebrain region are crucial for pair bonding.

Copper wire has become one of the preferred materials for wire bonding interconnects in many semiconductor and microelectronic applications.

The bonding in such molecules has been controversial.