Stainless steel is an example of a combination of interstitial and substitutional alloys, because the carbon atoms fit into the interstices, but some of the iron atoms are replaced with nickel and chromium atoms.

The steel then becomes heterogeneous, being formed of two phases ; the carbon ( carbide ) phase cementite, and ferrite ( iron ).

However, if the steel is cooled quickly the carbon atoms will not have time to precipitate.

However, very small amounts of steel, ( an alloy of iron and around 1 % carbon ), was always a byproduct of the bloomery process.

In 1740, Benjamin Huntsman began melting blister steel in a crucible to even out the carbon content, creating the first process for the mass production of tool steel.

Because pig iron could be melted, people began to develop processes of reducing the carbon in the liquid pig iron to create steel.

In 1858, Sir Henry Bessemer developed a process of steel making by blowing hot air through liquid pig iron to reduce the carbon content.

It is a component of YBCO ( high-temperature superconductors ) and electroceramics, and is added to steel and cast iron to reduce the size of carbon grains within the microstructure of the metal.

They are composed of many different materials ranging from carbon fibre composite ( graphite reinforced plastic ) to solid steel, which may be augmented by a variety of materials.

It can form alloys with iron, of which the most common is carbon steel.

Case hardening of steel is achieved by heating finished steel components in carbon powder.

A research team in Germany published a report in 2006 revealing nanowires and carbon nanotubes in a blade forged from Damascus steel.

A team of researchers based at the Technical University of Dresden that used x-rays and electron microscopy to examine Damascus steel discovered the presence of cementite nanowires and carbon nanotubes.

Chisels are made of high carbon steel.

The most common materials used for the tools are carbon steel and, in some cases, nickel based alloys.

Iron in its natural form is barely harder than bronze, and is not useful for tools unless combined with carbon to make steel.

The percentage of carbon determines important characteristics of the final product: the more carbon, the harder the steel.

During the Iron Age, the best tools and weapons were made from steel, particularly alloys which were produced with a carbon content between approximately 0. 30 % and 1. 2 % by weight.

A certain proportion of carbon ( between 0. 2 % and 2. 1 %) produces steel, which may be up to 1000 times harder than pure iron.

Further refinement with oxygen reduces the carbon content to the correct proportion to make steel.

Carbon steel, an alloy of iron and carbon, can be very sharp, hold its edge well, and remain easy to sharpen, but is vulnerable to rust and stains.

Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, possibly nickel, and molybdenum, with only a small amount of carbon.

The company signed an agreement which prevents the company from developing plantations in areas where large amounts of carbon are locked up.

Because supply chains frequently account for over 75 % of a company ’ s carbon footprint many organizations are exploring how they can reduce this and thus improve their SECH rating.

The Bombardier beetle's powerful repellent spray inspired a Swedish company to develop a " micro mist " spray technology, which is claimed to have a low carbon impact ( compared to aerosol sprays ).

The American company Kestrel USA pioneered the use of carbon fibre monocoques in bike frame manufacture in the 1980s, and since then the technique has become increasingly widely used.

Binney & Smith's new process of creating inexpensive black colorants was entered into the chemistry industries competition at the 1900 Paris Exposition under the title " carbon gas blacks, lamp or oil blacks, ' Peerless ' black " and earned the company a gold medal award in chemical and pharmaceutical arts.

Paperfoam, a company that is specialised in environmental friendly packaging with a very low carbon footprint.

SolarCity, the company responsible for designing the array, estimates that the solar panels installed on eBay's campus will prevent 37 million pounds of carbon dioxide from being released into the environment as a result of replaced power production over the next three decades.

The company continued making carbon fiber, developing two main markets: aerospace and sports equipment.

Unlike other carbon accounting methods, Autodesk ’ s C-FACT measures carbon dioxide emissions that are proportional to a company ’ s global GDP contribution.

1989 was a pivotal year for Trek, marking the year that the company unveiled its first molded carbon fiber frame, the Trek 5000.

SCA was cited as the best Swedish company for carbon dioxide reporting in the global CDP survey 2010.

The company divested other businesses before being acquired by Dow Chemical on February 6, 2001, including electronic chemicals, polyurethane intermediates, industrial gases and carbon products.

Furthermore, he produced carbon filaments in his shop for the company.

The company claims to the first carbon neutral coffee sold in Canada.

The Kawai Piano company of Japan has in recent years created an action out of an ABS styran / carbon composite.

The company also announced in April 2012, that it was on track to reduce carbon emissions by 30 % between 2009 to 2015 from its global shipping operations.

The company is also involved in the groundwater extraction and carbon capture and storage industries.

* 1879: Francis Blake invents a carbon transmitter similar to Edison's that saves the Bell company from extinction.

Founded in 1894 by Robert Finch and Morton Carlisle, the company had two products, an electric toy train and a carbon arc searchlight.

The company was accused of sharp practice in December 2009 by forcing motorists to pay a carbon tax six hours before it became law.

Also, an eco-warrior can be someone who engages in an environmental organisation ( e. g. Greenpeace ) or an environmental company that delivers safekeeping or improvements for the environment ( e. g. directly by selling environmental products as environmentally friendly cars, or indirectly by carbon dioxide offsets ).

The Kværner-process or Kvaerner carbon black & hydrogen process ( CB & H ) is a method, developed in the 1980s by a Norwegian company of the same name, for the production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons ( C < sub > n </ sub > H < sub > m </ sub >), such as methane, natural gas and biogas.

Similarly, at the company level, “ when adopting the concept of eco-efficiency and the scope of an environmental management system stated in for example ISO 14001, it is insufficient to merely report on the carbon dioxide emissions limited to the judicial borders of the company ”. 7 “ Companies must recognise their wider responsibility and manage the entire life-cycle of their products … Insisting on high environmental standards from suppliers and ensuring that raw materials are extracted or produced in an environmentally conscious way provides a start ”.