The New South Wales public education system also operates 19 selective public schools which resemble the English grammar-school system insofar as they engage in academic selection by way of centralised examination, they do not charge tuition fees and they are recipients of a greater degree of public funding per pupil than is afforded to non-selective public schools.

Smuts favoured a unitary state, with power centralised in Pretoria, with English as the only official language, and with a more inclusive electorate.

The role of the burgesses and nobles that established the Aviz dynasty ( a branch of the Portuguese House of Burgundy ) securely on an independent throne can be contrasted with the centrifugal pull of aristocratic factions against a centralised monarchy in the English War of the Roses and with national and political aspects of the Hundred Years ' War being waged in France.

Henry I and Henry II both implemented significant legal reforms, extending and widening the scope of centralised, royal law ; by the 1180s, the basis for the future English Common Law had largely been established, with a standing law court in Westminster — an early Common Bench — and travelling judges conducting eyres around the country.

A centralized ( US, Oxford English ) or centralised ( UK ) government is one in which power or legal authority is exerted or coordinated by a de facto political executive to which federal states, local authorities, and smaller units are considered subject.

It was however the Tudors ' increasing encroachment upon their local autonomy by the development of a centralised state that was to bring the English system into direct conflict with the Gaelic Irish one.

Goskomstat (, transliterated: Gosudarstvennyi komitet po statistike, or, in English, the State Committee for Statistics ) was the centralised agency dealing with statistics in the Soviet Union.

After this point, the English authorities in Dublin established real control over all of Ireland for the first time, bringing a centralised government to the entire island, and successfully disarmed the native clans and their lordships.

The terminal underwent a major $ 500 million redevelopment that was completed in 2010, by which the shopping complex was expanded, outbound customs operations were centralised and the floor space of the terminal increased to 254, 000 square metres.

They objected to a centralised government which they feared would favour Western modernity and Christianity, felt to be detrimental to local customs.

A truce between the war-weary sides was established for three years ( 1213 – 1215 ) and proved generally more favourable to the Germans, who consolidated their political position, while the Estonians were unable to develop their system of loose alliances into a centralised state.

The Hawke / Keating governments of 1983 – 1996 pursued economic policies and restructuring such as floating the Australian dollar in 1983, reducing tariffs on imports, taxation reforms, moving from centralised wage-fixing to enterprise bargaining, privatisation of publicly-owned companies such as Qantas and the Commonwealth Bank, and deregulation of the banking system.

Other socialists have focused their analyses on the lack of self-management, the continued existence of financial calculation and the existence of a bureaucratic elite based on hierarchical and centralised powers of authority in the Soviet model, leading them to conclude that the Soviet system was not socialist, instead categorising it as bureaucratic collectivism, state capitalism or deformed workers ' states.

The previously centralised royal coinage system was fragmented, with Stephen, the Empress and local lords all minting their own coins.

These states had been the five original states of East Germany, but had been abolished in 1952 in favour of a centralised system.

Other systems, such as Microsoft Exchange Server and the Cyrus IMAP server store mailboxes in centralised databases managed by the mail system and not directly accessible by individual users.

Forty anti-aircraft defence battalions were created, linked with radar and a centralised command-and-control system.

The French educational system is highly centralised, organised, and ramified.

The previously centralised royal coinage system was fragmented, with Stephen, the Empress and local lords all minting their own coins.

The system used a centralised control system including both search and targeting radar, which calculated the aim point for the guns after considering windage and ballistics, and then sent electrical commands to the guns, which used hydraulics to point themselves at high speeds.

The College recently announced its intention to become a Direct Subsidy Scheme ( DSS ) School, an historic change to the College as it will free the school from the centralised funding system that currently administers secondary education in Hong Kong.

He introduced a centralised traffic control system, and the locomotive power classifications that became the model for those used by British Rail.

The later statute altered the Poor Law system from one which was administered haphazardly at a local parish level to a highly centralised system which encouraged the large scale development of workhouses by Poor Law Unions.

Beveridge refused, but declared an interest in organising British manpower in wartime ( Beveridge had come to favour a strong system of centralised planning ).

Under the nominally centre-left Australian Labor Party from 1983 to 1996, the Bob Hawke and Paul Keating governments pursued many economic policies associated with economic rationalism, such as floating the Australian Dollar in 1983, reductions in trade tariffs, taxation reforms, changing from centralised wage-fixing to enterprise bargaining, heavy restrictions on union activities including on strike action and pattern bargaining, the privatisation of government run services and enterprises such as Qantas and the Commonwealth Bank, and wholesale deregulation of the banking system.

Along with the personal data, as one uses the transport system, cost and usage data is collected in a centralised database.

However, in light of the 2002 election result, a review of the party organisation resulted in decisions to weaken the regional structure and to implement a more centralised structure in order to make the structure more ' appropriate ' for the new mixed member proportional electoral system.

The Right is most famous for its support of Third Way policies over Labor's traditional social democratic / democratic socialist policies, such as the economic rationalist policies of the Hawke and Keating governments, like floating the Australian Dollar in 1983, reductions in trade tariffs, taxation reforms, changing from centralised wage-fixing to enterprise bargaining, the privatisation of Qantas and Commonwealth Bank, and deregulating the banking system.

The Zürich-wing followingly started to gain ground in the party at the expense of the Bern-wing, and the party became increasingly centralised as a national party, in contrast to the traditional Swiss system of parties with loose organisational structures and weak central powers.

Although technically speaking the Soviet Union and the 15 republics that formed it was a federal system, it was also very much a centralised state, with major decision-making taking place at the Kremlin, the capital and seat of government of the country.

Along with his colleague the Archbishop of York he chairs the General Synod and sits or chairs many of the church's important boards and committees ; power in the church is not highly centralised, however, so the two archbishops can often lead only through persuasion.

Actuators can be used for the purposes of automatic control such as in washing machine cycles, remote control such as the use of a centralised control room, or because manual control is too difficult such as when the valve is very large.

This requirement can lead to messy arrangements like credit assessment, setting of trading limits and so on for each counterparty, and take away most of the advantages of a centralised trading facility.

" On the contrary, he believed that if society is organic and individual, then its elements can cooperate apart from a centralised organ of control, the need for which presupposes that harmony has to be imposed upon something that is naturally unharmonious.

If the accounting office is centralised, then transfers between accounts can happen simultaneously.

If a centralised architecture is used in a sensor network and the central node fails, then the entire network will collapse, however the reliability of the sensor network can be increased by using a distributed control architecture.

In Barzel ( 1982 )’ s theory of the firm, drawing on Jensen and Meckling ( 1976 ), the firm emerges as a means of centralising monitoring and thereby avoiding costly redundancy in that function ( since in a firm the responsibility for monitoring can be centralised in a way that it cannot if production is organised as a group of workers each acting as a firm ).

Along the legal-institutional dimension we can distinguish between singularism ( power centralised according to membership in a specific group ), pluralism ( power-distribution among defined groups according to relative numerical strength ), and universalism ( power-distribution without any group-specific qualifications ).

They can be implemented quickly, and the maintenance is centralised, creating high economies of scale: the implementation of DMFAS, for instance, varies from 6 months to 3 years, in order to cover the full database depending on its complexity ; this is fast compared to an in-house development.

If the accounting office is centralised, then transfers between accounts can happen simultaneously.

The idea of such a centralised control room is surprisingly old ; it can be found in science fiction as early as The Struggle For Empire ( 1900 ).

Reports can be stored in a centralised Report Library along with external supporting files.