Ancient civilizations took into account the mixture and the various properties it produced, such as hardness, toughness and melting point, under various conditions of temperature and work hardening, developing much of the information contained in modern alloy constitution diagrams.

The opening statement of principles contained in the preamble of the party's constitution stated that " The SDP exists to create and defend an open, classless and more equal society which rejects prejudices based upon sex, race, colour or religion ".

These were of the nature of both a treaty and constitution which contained minority rights clauses that provided for the right of petition and adjudication by the International Court.

In 1849, the state of California ratified its first constitution, which contained the express objective of creating a complete educational system including a state university.

Departments of the Batavian RepublicThis already applied at the top: the constitution contained an age-requirement for the members of the Uitvoerend Bewind, which favored the election of staid Patriot regents, and discriminated against the more talented " young Turks " that were appointed Agents, like Jacobus Spoors, Gerrit Jan Pijman, and Isaac Jan Alexander Gogel.

The constitution, also known as the or the, is most characteristic and famous for the renunciation of the right to wage war contained in Article 9 and to a lesser extent, the provision for de jure popular sovereignty in conjunction with the monarchy.

International bodies such as the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which monitors compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and Amnesty International have argued that many of the guarantees for individual rights contained in the Japanese constitution have not been effective in practice.

Although the constitution contained worthy ideals, it did not clearly address how the community would function and was never fully established.

The law adopted in 1922 at Westminster had the structure of a Russian doll, containing within it the entire text of the Irish Act, which in turn contained within it the whole text of the new constitution.

One schedule contained the new constitution, and the other the text of the Anglo-Irish Treaty.

Zog's constitution forbade any Prince of the Royal House from serving as Prime Minister or a member of the Cabinet and contained provisions for the potential extinction of the Royal Family.

The new constitution contained transitional clauses ( articles 90 – 92 ) extending the period of rule by decree until the new institutions were operating.

The 1799 constitution contained, for the first time, the power of the governor to veto legislation ; this power was substantially similar to, and probably based upon, that found in the 1792 New Hampshire Constitution and the 1798 Georgia Constitution.

: To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes ; but neither this, nor any other clause contained in the constitution, shall ever be construed to delegate the power to Congress to appropriate money for any internal improvement intended to facilitate commerce ; except for the purpose of furnishing lights, beacons, and buoys, and other aids to navigation upon the coasts, and the improvement of harbors and the removing of obstructions in river navigation, in all which cases, such duties shall be laid on the navigation facilitated thereby, as may be necessary to pay the costs and expenses thereof.

The 1949 Constitution of the German Democratic Republic contained many passages that were directly copied from the 1919 constitution.

These rules are referenced within the constitution, but are not contained.

Although enshrining concepts such as federalism and a constitutional monarchy, the proposed constitution also contained provisions protecting special rights for the Malays, such as quotas in admission to higher education and the civil service, and making Islam the official religion of the federation.

The constitution of this kingdom was contained within the Book of the Law of the Lord, which Strang claimed to have translated from the Plates of Laban mentioned in The Book of Mormon.

That constitution was ( and still is ) contained in a British statute.

:" The new constitution ... contained a complicated formula for apportionment, the so-called " major fraction rule.

The Interim Constitution contained 34 constitutional principles with which the new constitution was required to comply.

As adopted the Free State constitution contained a number of provisions for direct democracy, which included a special role for the Senate.

This was reflected in the 1978 constitution, which still contained references to proletarian internationalism and continuous revolution.

A classic example of political arguments are those contained in The Federalist Papers arguing in favor of ratification of the American constitution.

Very democratic, it is more expansive than a normal constitution – many statutory acts in other countries are written into this constitution, like Social Security and taxes.

Although the system established by the Sitges agreement was phased out by 1974, the 1886 Colombian constitution — in effect until 1991 — required that the losing political party be given adequate and equitable participation in the government which, according to many observers and later analysis, eventually resulted in some increase in corruption and legal relaxation.

The act also codified many previously oral constitutional conventions and has made amendment of the constitution significantly more difficult.

As of March 2006, many Congolese have complained that the constitution is a rather ambiguous document and are unaware of its contents.

While most of these migrations had an economic background, Germany has also been a prime destination for refugees from many developing countries, in part because its constitution long had a clause giving a ' right ' to political asylum, but restrictions over the years have since made it less attractive.

The different names used to describe the German Democratic Republic reflected political positions during the Cold War conflict ; for example, many Westerners doubted the political sovereignty and democratic constitution of East Germany.

The older the constitution, the more constitutional leeway tends to exist for a head of state to exercise greater powers over government, as many older parliamentary system constitutions in fact give heads of state powers and functions akin to presidential or semi-presidential systems, in some cases without containing reference to modern democratic principles of accountability to parliament or even to modern governmental offices.

On becoming king, Louis issued a constitution known as the Charter which preserved many of the liberties won during the French Revolution and provided for a parliament composed of an elected Chamber of Deputies and a Chamber of Peers that was nominated by the king.

Though the Virginia Plan was an outline rather than a draft of a possible constitution, and though it was extensively changed during the debate ( especially by John Rutledge and James Wilson in the Committee of Detail ), its use at the convention led many to call Madison the " Father of the Constitution ".

During the drafting of the Indian constitution, many Indian leaders ( except Nehru ) of that time were in favour of allowing each Princely state or Covenanting State to be independent as a federal state along the lines suggested originally by the Government of India act ( 1935 ).

Despite their planned integration into the Kosovar society and their recognition in the Kosovar constitution, Romani and other minorities ( i. e. Ashkali and Egyptian communities ) continue to face many difficulties, such as segregation and discrimination, in housing, education, health, employment and social welfare.

The USA charged that Syria exercised pressure against the National Assembly to amend the constitution, and many of the Lebanese rejected it, saying that it was considered as contradictive to the constitution and its principles.

The sleepy settlement of fewer than 20 people would remain dormant until the winter of 1847 when the state constitution required that the capital be moved from Detroit to a more central and safer location in the interior of the state ; many were concerned about Detroit's proximity to British-controlled Canada, which had captured Detroit in the War of 1812.

Under a federalist constitution that was later brought up in 1858 ( and another one in 1863 ), Panama and other constituent states gained almost complete autonomy on many levels of their administration, which led to an often anarchic national state of affairs that lasted roughly until Colombia's return to centralism in 1886 with the establishment of a new Republic of Colombia.

Though Marcellus II desired to reform many of the inner workings of the church, his feeble constitution succumbed to the fatigues of the conclave, the exhausting ceremonies connected with his ascension, the anxieties arising from his high office, and overexertion in his performance of the pontifical functions of the Holy Week and Easter.

Scattered across 800 years, the British constitution consists of many documents — such as Magna Carta ( 1215 ), the Great Reform Bill ( 1832 ), and the Parliament Act ( 1911 )— and, most important for the evolution of the office of Prime Minister, customs known as conventions that became accepted practice.

I believe it can and does apply most efficiently, from the simple circumstance that the more diversified the descendants from any one species become in structure, constitution, and habits, by so much will they be better enabled to seize on many and widely diversified places in the polity of nature, and so be enabled to increase in numbers.

In 2007 the new constitution was eventually issued, said ' junta-support constitution ' for many critics.

Although the language of the new constitution includes many democratic features, it can be superseded by executive decrees and legislation, and often constitutional law simply is ignored.

The Constitution of Canada includes the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms which guarantees many of the same rights as the U. S. constitution, with the notable exceptions of protection against establishment of religion.

The Parliament of Canada was thereafter allowed to amend the Canadian constitution in many areas of its own jurisdiction without first obtaining the consent of the British Parliament.