John Adams fashioned much of pre-Revolutionary radical ideology, wrote the constitution of his home state of Massachusetts, negotiated, with Franklin and Jay, the peace with Britain and served as our first Vice President and our second President.

The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution.

Though he was destined to be a strongly counter-reforming emperor, Alexander had little prospect of succeeding to the throne during the first two decades of his life, as he had an elder brother, Nicolas, who seemed of robust constitution.

King Alexander tried to reconcile political parties by unveiling a liberal constitution of his own initiative, introducing for the first time in the constitutional history of Serbia the system of two chambers ( skupština and senate ).

The first nineteen articles of the “ Grundgesetz ” represent the constitution in narrower sense and determine the fundamental rights of German citizens.

The 1965 constitution led to the first general elections and to independence on 30 September 1966.

* Constitution of 1824 – the first Brazilian constitution, enacted by Dom Pedro I.

After the fall of the communism in 1990, the former communist party changed to Bulgarian Socialist Party ( BSP ) and won the first post-communist elections for the new constitution in 1990 with a small majority.

In 1990, the Popular Front held its first National Congress, which formed a committee to draft a national constitution.

In 1966 a military coup deposed the first president of Upper Volta, Maurice Yaméogo, suspended the constitution, dissolved the National Assembly, and placed Lieutenant Colonel Sangoulé Lamizana at the head of a government of senior army officers.

The first republican constitution of Bavaria was passed in Bamberg, becoming known as the Bamberger Verfassung ( Bamberg Constitution ).

Aristotle ( ca 350 BC ) was one of the first in recorded history to make a formal distinction between ordinary law and constitutional law, establishing ideas of constitution and constitutionalism, and attempting to classify different forms of constitutional government.

The Romans first codified their constitution in 450 BC as the Twelve Tables.

The Nomocanon of Saint Sava () was the first Serbian constitution from 1219.

Even so, its first recorded use in the function of a constitution ( supreme law of the land ) is with Sarsa Dengel beginning in 1563.

Following a two year campaign by women to change their circumstances, in 1959 Cayman received its first written constitution which, for the first time, allowed women to vote.

Figueres became a national hero, winning the first election under the new constitution in 1953.

Following the collapse of the ruling Communist Party in Yugoslavia, Croatia adopted a new constitution in 1990 – which replaced the 1974 constitution adopted by the Socialist Republic of Croatia – and organised its first multi-party elections.

One of its leaders, Joaquín Infante, drafted Cuba's first constitution, declaring the island a sovereign state, presuming the rule of the countries ' wealthy, maintaining slavery as long as it was necessary for agriculture, establishing a social classification based on skin colour and declaring Catholicism the official religion.

In 1985, the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections.

May 20 Republican Year 37 / 1948, Chiang Kai-shek's inauguration speech as the first President of the Republic of China in the new constitution of 1948

In 1653, Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector under England's and later Britain's first written constitution Instrument of Government and then under the second and last written constitution known as the Humble Petition and Advice.

The constitution was approved by referendum in 1991.

After conflict over the 1970 constitution, a new constitution was written and approved in 1977, and Lamizana was reelected by open elections in 1978.

Chile's constitution was approved in a national plebiscite held in September 1980.

__NOTOC__The current Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile, approved by Chilean voters in a controversial and tightly controlled plebiscite on September 11, 1980, under the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, partially effective March 11, 1981, fully effective 11 March 1990 and amended considerably on August 17, 1989 ( via referendum ) and on September 22, 2005 ( legislatively ), and also in 1991, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, replaced the earlier constitution of 1925.

A constitution was approved by voters and on 30 July 2006 the Congo held its first multi-party elections since independence in 1960.

According to results released in January 2006, the constitution was approved by 84 % of voters.

Two founding documents emerged from this: The Transition Constitution, and the Global and Inclusive Agreement, both of which describe and determine the make-up and organization of the Congolese institutions, until planned elections in July 2006, at which time the provisions of the new constitution, democratically approved by referendum in December 2005, will take full effect and that is how it happened.

The country's current constitution was approved in April 2010.

The electorate approved the current constitution in September 1992.

On September 30, 2007, Taiwan's ruling Democratic Progressive Party approved a resolution asserting a separate identity from China and called for the enactment of a new constitution for a " normal nation ".

Two months later, the Junta approved a constitution for the state of Quito that provided for democratic governing institutions but also granted recognition to the authority of Ferdinand should he return to the Spanish throne.

During the course of the two occupations legal institutions, elected according to the constitution approved by the people, were removed from power.

Dollfuss staged a parliamentary session with just his party members present in April 1934 to have his new constitution approved, effectively the second constitution in the world espousing corporatist ideas ( after that of the Portuguese Estado Novo ).

In January 1962, the cabinet finally approved the text of the new constitution, promulgated by President Ayub Khan on March 1, 1962 and finally came into effect on June 8, 1962.

It was formally approved on 8 May 1949, and, with the signature of the Allies of World War II on 12 May, came into effect on 23 May, as the constitution of those states of West Germany that were initially included within the Federal Republic.

In 1990, Guineans approved by referendum a new constitution that inaugurated the Third Republic, and established a Supreme Court.

The single-party assembly approved a new constitution, elected President Vieira to a new 5-year term, and elected a Council of State, which was the executive agent of the ANP.

This constitution was approved by a plebiscite in 1919, in which less than 5 % of the population voted.

In 1935 he forced through the legislature a new constitution, which was also approved by plebiscite.

A new constitution was approved in 1982 and the PLH government of Roberto Suazo assumed power.

Albanians approved its constitution through a popular referendum which was held in November 1998, but which was boycotted by the opposition.

The constitution, approved and promulgated on November 11, 1962, calls for direct elections to a unicameral parliament ( the National Assembly ).