) Hilton also claims a Roman Catholic monarch would therefore be unable to be crowned by the Archbishop of Canterbury and points to the examples of European states that have similar religious provisions for their monarchs: Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, whose constitutions compel their monarchs to be Lutherans, the Netherlands, the constitution of which insists its monarchs be members of the Protestant House of Orange, and Belgium, which has a constitution that provides for the succession to be through Roman Catholic houses.

The term constitution comes through French from the Latin word constitutio, used for regulations and orders, such as the imperial enactments ( constitutiones principis: edicta, mandata, decreta, rescripta ).

Some states enacted reception statutes as legislative statutes, while other states received the English common law through provisions of the state's constitution, and some by court decision.

Queen Margrethe II is the de jure Commander-in-Chief per the Danish constitution, however according to the Danish Defense Law the Minister of Defence serves as the commander of the Danish Defence ( through the Chief of Defence and the Defence Command ) and the Danish Home Guard ( through the Home Guard Command ).

The Civil Rights Act of 1871 applies to public employment or employment involving state action prohibiting deprivation of rights secured by the federal constitution or federal laws through action under color of law.

Despotism can mean tyranny ( dominance through threat of punishment and violence ), or absolutism ; or dictatorship ( a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator, not restricted by a constitution, laws or opposition, etc.

Despotism can mean tyranny ( dominance through threat of punishment and violence ), or absolutism ; or dictatorship ( a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator, not restricted by a constitution, laws or opposition, etc.

In 1935 he forced through the legislature a new constitution, which was also approved by plebiscite.

In monarchies with a written constitution, the position of monarch is a creature of the constitution and could quite properly be abolished through a democratic procedure of constitutional amendment, although there are often significant procedural hurdles imposed on such a procedure ( as in the Constitution of Spain ).

He fought for Article 68 of Afghanistan's first constitution ( declared through a Loya Jirga ), which made elementary education compulsory.

Albanians approved its constitution through a popular referendum which was held in November 1998, but which was boycotted by the opposition.

Frequently, these changes are due to new governments ( through war or a new constitution ), treaties between countries standardizing on a currency, or revaluation of the currency due to excessive inflation.

Although its constitution and government policy preclude an offensive military role for Japan in international affairs, Japanese cooperation with the United States through the 1960 U. S .– Japan Security Treaty has been important to the peace and stability of East Asia.

Under the constitution of Kuwait, the Emir of Kuwait is the supreme commander of the armed forces with a Minister of Defence who directs the Military of Kuwait through the Chief of the General Staff.

Since regaining independence, Madagascar has transitioned through four republics with corresponding revisions to its constitution.

Under the 1995 constitution, the president, who is both chief of state and head of the government, is chosen through universal direct suffrage every 5 years.

On December 13, 1974, the constitution was revised, and Malta became a republic within the Commonwealth, with executive authority vested in the President of Malta which can be exercised directly or through officers subordinate to him.

In 1932, through the campaigning of the Dalit leader B. R. Ambedkar, the government granted untouchables separate electorates under the new constitution.

In 1963, through the adoption of a new state constitution in Michigan, Northern was designated as a comprehensive university serving the diverse educational needs of Upper Michigan.

The Roman Republic's constitution or mos maiorum (" custom of the ancestors ") was an unwritten set of guidelines and principles passed down mainly through precedent.

However, in 1980 North Korea had submitted a " one nation, two system " reunification proposal which was met with a suggestion from the South to meet and prepare a unification constitution and government through a referendum.

Since the constitution forbids introduction of a tax bill at a fiscal session, the administration will either have to cut down expenses or inflate its estimates of anticipated revenues.

The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution.

Loyalty requires affection also to the office of the Sovereign, attachment to royalty, attachment to the law and to the constitution of the realm, and he who would, by force or by fraud, endeavour to prostrate that law and constitution, though he may retain his affection for its head, can boast but an imperfect and spurious species of loyalty ( R v O ' Connell ( 1844 ) 7 ILR 261 ).

The constitution was submitted for a public vote and Johnson campaigned for its adoption ; his support of the new work provided him with additional positive statewide exposure.

Articles 20 to 146 GG regulate the organization of Germany and legitimize and rule its bodies such as German Bundestag, Bundesrat of Germany or the government and the legislation based on the constitution.

Each of the Entities has its own constitution.

In 1990, the Popular Front held its first National Congress, which formed a committee to draft a national constitution.

This was legally a new organisation ( the headquarters, records, assets and debts of the old party were inherited by the Liberal Democrats ), but its constitution asserts it to be the same Liberal party.

In 1503 the new bishop Christoph von Utenheim refused to give Basel a new constitution whereupon, to show its power, the city began the construction of a new city hall.

A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted.

The Constitution of India is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world, containing 444 articles, 12 schedules and 94 amendments, with 117, 369 words in its English language version, while the United States Constitution is the shortest written constitution, at 7 articles and 27 amendments.

Even so, its first recorded use in the function of a constitution ( supreme law of the land ) is with Sarsa Dengel beginning in 1563.

Following a two year campaign by women to change their circumstances, in 1959 Cayman received its first written constitution which, for the first time, allowed women to vote.

Following the collapse of the ruling Communist Party in Yugoslavia, Croatia adopted a new constitution in 1990 – which replaced the 1974 constitution adopted by the Socialist Republic of Croatia – and organised its first multi-party elections.

While the 1990 constitution remains in force, it has been amended four times since its adoption — in 1997, 2000, 2001 and 2010.

Under its 1990 constitution, Croatia operated a semi-presidential system until 2000 when it switched to a parliamentary system.

One of its leaders, Joaquín Infante, drafted Cuba's first constitution, declaring the island a sovereign state, presuming the rule of the countries ' wealthy, maintaining slavery as long as it was necessary for agriculture, establishing a social classification based on skin colour and declaring Catholicism the official religion.

In 1985, the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections.

The PRC adopted its current constitution on 4 December 1982.

The meeting, which like all such meetings was secret, was convened to discuss among other resolutions, the articles of the Provisional IRA constitution which dealt with abstentionism, its opposition to the taking of seats in Dáil Éireann.