In The Publick Spirit of the Whigs, it may be noted, Swift himself contemptuously dismissed Steele's reference to his friend at court: `` I suppose by the Style of old Friend, and the like, it must be some Body there of his own Level ; ;

Although he had a reckless, unpredictable, and violent nature that precluded him from attaining any court or government responsibility and led to the ruination of his estate, Oxford was noted in his own time as a patron of the arts, lyric poet, and playwright, and since the 1920s he has been the most popular alternative candidate proposed for the authorship of Shakespeare's works.

Nevertheless, he appreciated the Indo-Fijian contribution to the Military, and noted the success of Lieutenant Colonel Mohammed Aziz, the head of the Military's legal unit who was a pivotal figure in the court martial of soldiers who mutinied in 2000.

The court noted that many of Geneva's notables, including Perrin, had breached a law against dancing.

He married the noted court operatic soprano Benedetta Emilia Molteni, despite the king's prohibition of court employees marrying each other.

In the 16th century King Henry VIII was noted for his prowess in court competitions of weight and hammer throwing.

In the literature review, Rand noted that the literature in 2001 was not of high methodological quality and that " while there may exist a subgroup of people with severe mental illness for whom a court order acts as leverage to enhance treatment compliance, the best studies suggest that the effectiveness of outpatient commitment is linked to the provision of intensive services.

The court first noted the significant difference between the State Constitution's Common Benefit Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Federal Constitution's 14th amendment, both in intent and provenance: the Common Benefit Clause was an original component of the 1777 Vermont Constitution, preceding its Federal " cousin " by several decades.

In Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad, 118 U. S. 394 ( 1886 ), the reporter noted in the headnote to the opinion that the Chief Justice began oral argument by stating, " The court does not wish to hear argument on the question whether the provision in the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which forbids a State to deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws, applies to these corporations.

The court noted that so long as the polluter still retained its license to operate such a factory, it could open similar operations elsewhere if not deterred by the penalties sought.

v. Craft, 436 U. S. 1, 8 – 9 ( 1978 ), the court noted that claims for damages save cases from mootness.

Already in April 1559 court observers noted that Elizabeth never let Dudley from her side ; but her favour did not extend to his wife.

Finally, it may be noted that many immoral acts, such as the use of false weights, lying, etc., that could not be brought into court are severely denounced in the Omen Tablets as likely to bring the offender into " the hand of God " as opposed to " the hand of the king ".

Murdoch's isinglass replacement was so effective that in a court case brought by the British Customs and Excise Authorities, the noted Chemist, Sir Humphry Davy in answer to a question on whether it was " proper to be used for the purpose of fineing beer " testified that:

Russell blamed the marriage breakup on disagreements over Maria's insistence for a greater editorial role in Zion's Watch Tower magazine, though a later court judgment noted that he had labelled the marriage " a mistake " three years before the dispute over her editorial ambitions had arisen.

It has been noted by some historians that her brother Henry, then a child, second in line to the throne and Duke of York, threw a tantrum when he realised his sister, as a foreign queen, now held higher precedence in court than he.

The first French name for the island was " l ' ille de Vilmenon ", noted by Samuel de Champlain in a 1616 map, and derived from the sieur de Vilmenon, a patron of the founders of Quebec at the court of Louis XIII.

She was noted for her ceaseless political intrigues at the French court and extensive artistic patronage.

Asser joined several other noted scholars at Alfred's court, including Grimbald, and John the Old Saxon ; all three probably reached Alfred's court within a year of each other.

The Conservative member for the Orpington constituency, Donald Sumner, had resigned to become a county court judge, and a by-election was held on 15 March 1962, the symbolism of the date being noted as the Ides of March.

The court noted that " Armstrong makes no claim that he has complied, or will ever comply, with the injunction " and that Armstrong claims to now reside in Canada.

But the fact that such a young man could seemingly treat ministerial office so lightly was noted at court.

Likewise, in some jurisdictions, the state or prosecution may appeal an issue of law " by leave " from the trial court and / or the appellate court.

The appellate court will typically be deferential to the lower court's findings of fact ( such as whether a defendant committed a particular act ), unless clearly erroneous, and so will focus on the court's application of the law to those facts ( such as whether the act found by the court to have occurred fits a legal definition at issue ).

The failure to formally object at the time, to what one views as improper action in the lower court, may result in the affirmance of the lower court's judgment on the grounds that one did not " preserve the issue for appeal " by objecting.

In the beginning of 1222, the discontent serviens ( nobles ) came to Andrew's court in large numbers, and they persuaded the king to issue the Golden Bull which confirmed their privileges, including the right to disobey the King if he acted not in line with the provisions of the Golden Bull ( ius resistendi ).

The terms of the Artistic License 1. 0 were at issue in a 2007 federal district court decision in the US which was criticized by some for suggesting that FOSS-like licenses could only be enforced through contract law rather than through copyright law, in contexts where contract damages would be difficult to establish.

Before 1873, England had two parallel court systems: courts of " law " that could only award money damages and recognized only the legal owner of property, and courts of " equity " ( courts of chancery ) that could issue injunctive relief ( that is, a court order to a party to do something, give something to someone, or stop doing something ) and recognized trusts of property.

Post-1938, federal courts deciding issues that arise under state law are required to defer to state court interpretations of state statutes, or reason what a state's highest court would rule if presented with the issue, or to certify the question to the state's highest court for resolution.

If this issue is raised, evidence will be placed before the court, which will normally rule as a preliminary matter whether the plea is substantiated, and if it so finds, the projected trial will be prevented from proceeding.

Biafra apparently pushed this issue in court, although there was no hard evidence and the jurors were apparently unconcerned with corporate use of independently produced political music.

In Washington v. Alaimo the court listed more than seventy-five frivolous " motions " ( a request for a court to issue an order ), all of which required the attention of the Court, including the following:

In the hypothetical example, this would assist the litigation process, because for example, if the injured person states that the driver ought to have alerted the third party, the driver may be aware that the law imposes no such duty, and can issue a motion ( or application ) to the court to have that part of the claim dismissed.

In the presence of a threshold issue that will ultimately decide a case, a court may elect to hear that issue rather than proceeding with a full-blown trial.

** Alexander Hamilton, Count of Neuburg, the Holy Roman Empire's Envoy Extraordinary to the court of James VII and II, had issue:

This issue came up again in 2002, when Riefenstahl was one hundred years old and she was taken to court by a Roma group for denying the Nazis had exterminated gypsies.

The software license agreement for The Movies stipulates that Activision, the game's publisher, owns " any and all content within ... Game Movies that was either supplied with the Program or otherwise made available ... by Activision or its licensors ..." Some game companies provide software to modify their own games, and machinima makers often cite fair use as a defense, but the issue has never been tested in court.

There are three ways a case can be heard in the Supreme Court: ( 1 ) filing directly in the Supreme Court ; ( 2 ) filing in a lower federal court, such as a district court, and appealing all the way up to the Supreme Court ; ( 3 ) filing in a state court, appealing all the way up through the state's highest courts, and then appealing to the Supreme Court on an issue of federal law.

On arrival at the supreme Mongol court — either that on the Imyl river ( near Lake Alakol and the present Russo-Chinese frontier in the Altay ), or more probably at or near Karakorum itself, south-west of Lake Baikal — Andrew found Güyük Khan dead, poisoned, as the envoy supposed, by Batu Khan's agents.

In the 5th century BC we often hear of the assembly sitting as a court of judgment itself for trials of political importance and it is not a coincidence that 6000 is the number both for the full quorum for the assembly and for the annual pool from which jurors were picked for particular trials.

Whatever professionalism there was tended to disguise itself ; it was possible to pay for the services of a speechwriter ( logographos ) but this was not advertised in court ( except as something your opponent had to resort to ), and even politically prominent litigants made some show of disowning special expertise.

Decisions of one circuit court are binding on the district courts within the circuit and on the circuit court itself, but are only persuasive authority on sister circuits.

The judges on the Supreme Court or Corte Suprema are appointed by the president and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself.

The burial chamber is normally located at one end of a rectangular or trapezoidal cairn, while a roofless, semi-circular forecourt at the entrance provided access from the outside ( although the entrance itself was often blocked ), and gives this type of chambered cairn its alternate name of court tomb or court cairn.

The term " direct " means that the court itself cites the person in contempt by describing the behaviour observed on the record.

The tribunal itself, or the judge, can in some systems call upon experts to technically evaluate a certain fact or action, in order to provide the court with a complete knowledge on the fact / action it is judging.

The court declared itself not competent in this case.

The Racquets court itself was opened by Sir Colin Cowdrey.

The Constitutional Court is composed of 15 judges one of which is the President of the Italian Constitutional Court elected from the court itself.

The Pleasance was eventually dismantled by Henry VIII and partially moved into the left-hand court inside the castle itself, possibly to add to the anachronistic appearance.

The court was at pains to point out that it was not passing judgment on the doctrine itself, but only its application to cases involving the Vienna Convention.

A federal court has a " special obligation to ' satisfy itself not only of its own jurisdiction, but also that of the lower courts in a cause under review.

Before the advent of copyright, anonymous and pseudonymous publication was a common practice in the sixteenth century publishing world, and a passage in the Arte of English Poesie ( 1589 ), the leading work of literary criticism of the Elizabethan period and an anonymously published work itself, mentions in passing that literary figures in the court who wrote " commendably well " circulated their poetry only among their friends, " as if it were a discredit for a gentleman to seem learned " ( Book 1, Chapter 8 ).

The first is the rule that a decision made by a superior court, or by the same court in an earlier decision, is binding precedent that the court itself and all its inferior courts are obligated to follow.

When a court binds itself, this application of the doctrine of precedent is sometimes called horizontal stare decisis.

Until the higher court changes the ruling ( or the law itself is changed ), the binding precedent is authoritative on the meaning of the law.

The court must satisfy itself that the plea agreement is concluded on the basis of the free will of the defendant, that the defendant fully acknowledges the essence of the plea agreement and its consequences.

If the court satisfies itself that the defendant fully acknowledges the consequences of the plea agreement, and he / she was represented by the defense council, his / her will is expressed in full compliance with the legislative requirements without deception and coercion, also if there is enough body of doubtless evidence for the conviction and the agreement is reached on legitimate sentence-the court approves the plea agreement and renders guilty judgment.