* Constitution of 1988 – the progressive redemocratization culminated in the current constitution.

To consider but one example, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states " Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof "— but interpretation ( that is, determining the fine boundaries, and resolving the tension between the " establishment " and " free exercise " clauses ) of each of the important terms was delegated by Article III of the Constitution to the judicial branch, so that the current legal boundaries of the Constitutional text can only be determined by consulting the common law.

The parliament adopted the current Constitution of Croatia on 22 December 1990, and decided to declare independence from Yugoslavia.

__NOTOC__The current Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile, approved by Chilean voters in a controversial and tightly controlled plebiscite on September 11, 1980, under the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, partially effective March 11, 1981, fully effective 11 March 1990 and amended considerably on August 17, 1989 ( via referendum ) and on September 22, 2005 ( legislatively ), and also in 1991, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, replaced the earlier constitution of 1925.

* 1990 – The Parliament of Croatia adopts the current Constitution of Croatia.

* 1992 – The current Constitution of Mongolia comes into effect.

The federal government of Iraq is defined under the current Constitution as an Islamic, democratic, federal parliamentary republic.

Jamaica's current Constitution was drafted in 1962 by a bipartisan joint committee of the Jamaican legislature.

The current Kenya Defence Forces were established, and its composition laid out, in Article 241 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya.

That the Constitution of the United States, having delegated to Congress a power to punish treason, counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States, piracies, and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations, and no other crimes, whatsoever ; and it being true as a general principle, and one of the amendments to the Constitution having also declared, that " the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people ," therefore the act of Congress, passed on the 14th day of July, 1798, and intitled " An Act in addition to the act intitled An Act for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States ," as also the act passed by them on the — day of June, 1798, intitled " An Act to punish frauds committed on the bank of the United States ," ( and all their other acts which assume to create, define, or punish crimes, other than those so enumerated in the Constitution ,) are altogether void, and of no force watsoever.

" He was given the ceremonial title " Father of the Nation " in the current Constitution of Afghanistan symbolizing his role in Afghanistan's history as a nonpolitical symbol of national unity.

These independent states initially formed a loose confederation called the United States and then later formed the current United States by ratifying the current U. S. Constitution, creating a union of sovereign states with the union or federal government also being a republic.

* Despite the fact that the Statute of Westminster applied to the Dominion of Canada without any need for ratification, the British North America Acts, the current written elements ( in 1931 ) of the Canadian Constitution were excluded from the application of the Statute of Westminster.

The University of California is governed by the Regents of the University of California, as required by the current Constitution of the State of California.

The American Independent Party of California has been an affiliate of the Constitution Party since its founding ; however, current party leadership is disputed and the issue is in court to resolve this conflict.

Its leaders are among the strongest advocates of abolishing most forms of federal taxation, especially the income tax ; they view most current regular federal expenditures, such as those for health care, education, and welfare, as unconstitutional under Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution and the Tenth Amendment.

The parliament adopted the current Constitution of Vietnam, its fourth, on 15 April 1992, and it has been amended once since then.

The current Constitution, as did the earlier Lithuanian Constitution of 1922, mentions that ..." the capital of the State of Lithuania shall be the city of Vilnius, the long-standing historical capital of Lithuania ".

The Wobblies believed that all workers should organize as a class, a philosophy which is still reflected in the Preamble to the current IWW Constitution:

João Manuel Bernardo, the current ambassador of Angola to China, visited the PRC in November 2007.

The PRC adopted its current constitution on 4 December 1982.

As a result, under current CPC General Secretary and President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao, the PRC has initiated policies to address these issues of equitable distribution of resources, but the outcome remains to be seen.

The CPC's current policies are fiercely rejected as capitalist by most communists, especially anti-revisionists, and by adherents of the Chinese New Left from within the PRC.

* The term border dispute applies only to the many cases where a limit territory bordering more than one state ( including an enclave in one state such as Nagorno Karabakh ) is claimed by two or more, not the very existence of a whole state challenged ( such as the Republic of China, which the People's Republic of China regards as a defunct and illegitimate entity, with its current jurisdiction of Taiwan claimed by the PRC as its 23rd province ).

Although the current position allows for flexibility in terms of defining that " one China ", any departure from the One-China policy is deemed unacceptable by the PRC government.

A modified form of the " One China " principle known as the 1992 Consensus is the current policy of both the PRC and ROC governments.

Citizens of the PRC are not subject to the Taiwanese immigration law, but the " Act Governing Relations between Peoples of the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area ", which is however stricter than the immigration law due to the current relationship between China's and Taiwan's governments.

Commenter Lucian Pye has argued that the modern " nation state " is fundamentally different from a traditional empire, and argues that dynamics of the current People's Republic of China ( PRC ) — a concentration of power at a central point of authority – share an essential similarity with the Ming and Qing Empires.

Moreover, from 1981 to 1982, Deng Xiaoping distanced the PRC from the United States because of its weapons sales to the Nationalist Republic of China in Taiwan island, and because the PRC was the junior partner in the current Sino-American relations.

In December 1986, student demonstrators, taking advantage of the loosening political atmosphere, staged protests against the slow pace of reform, confirming party elders ' fears that the current reform program was leading to a kind of social instability, the same kind that killed hundreds of millions between the years of the Opium War and the founding of the PRC.

Experimental estimation of PRC in living, regular-spiking neurons involves measuring the changes in inter-spike interval in response to a small perturbation, such as a transient pulse of current.

However, the PRC has only indirectly reported the current protests in state-owned media, withholding coverage from a national audience.

A report from Taiwan's Ministry of National Defense said that China's current charm offensive is only accommodating on issues that do not undermine China's claim to Taiwan and that the PRC would invade if Taiwan declared independence, developed weapons of mass destruction, or suffered from civil chaos.

She was watching a tree ride wildly down that roiling current.

Fred and Ralph qualified as executors and paid off what debts were currently due, and they were all current, since Papa was never one to allow bills to go unpaid.

But Morgan did not leave before he had written a letter to a William Pickman in Salem, Massachusetts, apparently an acquaintance, praising Washington and saying that the slanders propagated about him were `` opposed by the general current of the people to exalt General Gates at the expense of General Washington was injurious to the latter.

The current stereotype of straight news reporting was probably invaluable in protecting the press and its readers from pollution by that combination of doctored fact, fancy, and personal opinion called yellow journalism which flourished in this country more than a generation ago.

In spite of the fact that our largest market, the textile industry, was affected substantially by the current decline in business activity, we have been able to produce and deliver our machines throughout the year 1960 at a rate materially higher than during 1959.

He devised a detonating fuse in which a short wire was caused to glow by an electric current.

It was with the assistance of one of the members of this expedition, Lauritz Esmarch, that Oersted succeeded in producing light by creating an electric discharge in mercury vapor through which an electric current was made to flow.

The current was regulated by means of a variable resistor and measured with a 50 mV shunt and millivoltmeter.

electricity plays such an important part in community life today that it is difficult to envision a time when current was not available for daily use.

For a time following the abandonment of the local plant, electric current for Manchester was brought in from the south with an emergency tie-in with the Vermont Marble Company system to the north.

One of the first moves made after a cabinet decision was to request the United States to establish a full-fledged military assistance group instead of the current civilian body.

South Philadelphia High's principal added that the current delay was caused by the `` pressure '' of a movie that the toneless lad was making.

The category's original name was Best Art Direction and was changed to its current name for the 85th Academy Awards, with the Art Director's branch being renamed the Designer's branch.

The ampere was originally defined as one tenth of the CGS system electromagnetic unit of current ( now known as the abampere ), the amount of current that generates a force of two dynes per centimetre of length between two wires one centimetre apart.

The " international ampere " was an early realization of the ampere, defined as the current that would deposit grams of silver per second from a silver nitrate solution.

A bridge was first completed here in 1887, replaced by another structure in 1949, and subsequently replaced with the current bridge which was completed in 2008.

In our current understanding of physics, the Bohr model is called a semi-classical model because of its quantization of angular momentum, not primarily because of its relationship with electron wavelength, which appeared in hindsight a dozen years after the Bohr model was proposed.

The 1976 definition of the astronomical unit was incomplete, in particular because it does not specify the frame of reference in which time is to be measured, but proved practical for the calculation of ephemerides: a fuller definition that is consistent with general relativity was proposed, and " vigorous debate " ensued until in August 2012 the International Astronomical Union adopted the current definition of 1 astronomical unit = 149597870700 meters.

The alternating current power line frequency of 60 Hz was the primary clock rate for the lowest level operations.