The relative forces can be calculated from the various radii of curvature if we assume: ( A ) The surface tension is uniform on the surface of the drop.

Just as the pressure exerted by surface tension in a spherical drop is Af and the pressure exerted by surface tension on a cylindrical shape is Af, the pressure exerted by any curved surface is Af, where **yg is the interfacial tension and Af and Af are the two radii of curvature.

If the above errors be eliminated, the two astigmatic surfaces united, and a sharp image obtained with a wide aperture — there remains the necessity to correct the curvature of the image surface, especially when the image is to be received upon a plane surface, e. g. in photography.

An expanding universe generally has a cosmological horizon which, by analogy with the more familiar horizon caused by the curvature of the Earth's surface, marks the boundary of the part of the universe that an observer can see.

The curvature of the fretboard is measured by the fretboard radius, which is the radius of a hypothetical circle of which the fretboard's surface constitutes a segment.

Informally, the theorem says that the curvature of a surface can be determined entirely by measuring angles and distances on the surface.

That is, curvature does not depend on how the surface might be embedded in 3-dimensional space or 2-dimensional space.

The very high spatial resolution and high contrast for features on the atomic scale arises from the fact that the electric field is enhanced in the vicinity of the surface atoms because of the higher local curvature.

The curvature of the fretboard is measured by the fretboard radius, which is the radius of a hypothetical circle of which the fretboard's surface constitutes a segment.

Two interesting experiments were devised by Newton to demonstrate how these forces could be discovered, thereby revealing to an observer that they were not in an inertial frame: the example of the tension in the cord linking two spheres rotating about their center of gravity, and the example of the curvature of the surface of water in a rotating bucket.

Kissaki have a curved profile, and smooth three-dimensional curvature across their surface towards the edge — though they are bounded by a straight line called the yokote and have crisp definition at all their edges.

Results of scientific experiments published in 1976 involving Kirlian photography of living tissue ( human finger tips ) showed that most of the variations in corona discharge streamer length, density, curvature and color can be accounted for by the moisture content on the surface of and within the living tissue.

Over larger regions where the curvature cannot be ignored we must use map projections from the curved surface of the Earth ( sphere or ellipsoid ) to the plane.

A peculiarity of Pellucidar's geography is that due to the concave curvature of its surface there is no horizon ; the further distant something is, the higher it appears to be, until it is finally lost in the atmospheric haze.

Just as the curvature of the earth's surface is not noticeable in everyday life, the curvature of spacetime can be neglected on small scales, so that locally, special relativity is a valid approximation to general relativity.

The intersection of a plane containing the normal with the surface will form a curve called a normal section and the curvature of this curve is the normal curvature.

Gravity Probe B | Gravity Probe B ( GP-B ) has measured spacetime curvature near Earth to test related models in application of Einstein's general theory of relativity.

Enormous tidal forces would be present near the edges of the flat-space volume because of the large space curvature there, but by suitable specification of the metric, these would be made very small within the volume occupied by the ship.

* Another reason for using the Cassegrain design is to increase the focal length of the antenna, to improve the field of view Parabolic reflectors used in dish antennas have a large curvature and short focal length, to locate the focal point near the mouth of the dish, to reduce the length of the supports required to hold the feed structure or secondary reflector.

Given any curve C and a point P on it, there is a unique circle or line which most closely approximates the curve near P, the osculating circle at P. The curvature of C at P is then defined to be the curvature of that circle or line.

The tangent, curvature, and normal vector together describe the second-order behavior of a curve near a point.

Using conservation of momentum principles in the direction normal to surface curvature, airflow accelerates around curved surfaces, and near the speed of sound the acceleration can cause the airflow to reach supersonic speeds.

Examples of minor anomalies can include curvature of the 5th finger ( clinodactyly ), a third nipple, tiny indentations of the skin near the ears ( preauricular pits ), shortness of the 4th metacarpal or metatarsal bones, or dimples over the lower spine ( sacral dimples ).

It lies near the right bank of the Buzău River, between the south-eastern curvature of the Carpathian Mountains and the lowlands of Bărăgan Plain.

As part of the earth shard, the floor of the gallery is curved, gradually dropping away like the curvature of the Earth from a nominal " North Pole " near the gallery's entrance.

The spaceflight phase lasted until 2005 ; its aim was to measure spacetime curvature near Earth, and thereby the stress – energy tensor ( which is related to the distribution and the motion of matter in space ) in and near Earth.

The maximum stress felt near a crack occurs in the area of lowest radius of curvature.

The tight radius of curvature of the track can cause loud squealing noises from the train wheels, which are audible at street level near the station entrance at the corner.

and the curvature concentrates near the base of the mushroom.

In the non-compact, the corrector plate remains at or near the center of curvature ( twice the focal length ) of the primary mirror.

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This exchange of charge changes the energies of those charge carriers who have been exchanged, giving a curvature to the energy vs. distance diagram near the junction.

The upper jaw was curved upward ; while this normally has been attributed only to the upward-curving beak, one specimen ( UALVP 24238 ) has a curvature corresponding with the beak widening towards the tip.

While the tip of the beak is not known in this specimen, the level of curvature suggests it would have been extremely long.

The resolution of an image is limited by the radius of curvature of the scanning tip of the STM.

A corona discharge occurs between a highly curved electrode, for example the tip of a needle or a small diameter wire, and an electrode of low curvature such as a flat plate.

The cantilever is typically silicon or silicon nitride with a tip radius of curvature on the order of nanometers.

Showing an AFM artifact arising from a tip with a high radius of curvature with respect to the feature which is to be visualized.

* A coudé catheter is designed with a curved tip that makes it easier to pass through the curvature of the prostatic urethra.

: is the radius of curvature at the crack tip.

It was normally used for slashing unarmored opponents either on foot or mounted ; while the tip could be used for thrusting, the drastic curvature of blade made accuracy more difficult.

where ρ is the radius of curvature of the crack tip.

Because of the shape of the tip of the blade and the nature of its curvature the kilij could be used to perform the thrust, in this it had an advantage over the shamshir whose extreme curvature did not allow the thrust.

Type 2 landmarks are intermediate ; this category includes points such as the tip structure, or local minima and maxima of curvature.

The size of the feature is controlled by the tip / surface dwell-time ( ranging from milliseconds to seconds ) and the size of the water meniscus, which is determined by the humidity conditions ( assuming the tip's radius of curvature is much smaller than the meniscus ).

The hilt ( tsuka ) often had a slightly stronger curvature than the blade, continuing the classic tachi increase in curvature as you go from the tip to the hilt.