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Page "History of Newark, New Jersey" ¶ 25
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decline and industrial
We would be crippled by reduced output, industrial decline, widespread unemployment ''.
The port of Alicante has been reinventing itself since the industrial decline the city suffered in the 1980s ( with most mercantile traffic lost to Valencia's harbour ).
As industry in New England began to decline during the Great Depression and after World War II, Cambridge lost much of its industrial base.
Reduced exports to the former Soviet bloc and shrinking industrial output contributed to a sharp decline in GDP.
Its industrial decline following the Second World War was particularly acute, but in recent decades the country has enjoyed something of a cultural and economic renaissance, fuelled in part by a resurgent financial services sector, the proceeds of North Sea oil and gas, and latterly a devolved parliament.
The decline of sea otters followed a decline in harbour seal and Steller sea lion populations, the killer whale's preferred prey, which in turn may be substitutes for their original prey, now decimated by industrial whaling.
The Swedish financial crises of the early 1990s exacerbated Malmö's decline as an industrial city ; between 1990-95, Malmö lost about 27, 000 jobs and its economy was seriously strained.
The fundamental cause of this decline is that the state, which runs the entire economy, cannot pay for the necessary imports of capital goods to undertake the desperately needed modernization of its industrial plants.
The NBER defines an economic recession as: " a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales.
All this resulted in a major economic crisis, characterized by 50 % decline of both GDP and industrial output between 1990 – 95.
Voluntary unemployment includes workers who reject low wage jobs whereas involuntary unemployment includes workers fired due to an economic crisis, industrial decline, company bankruptcy, or organizational restructuring.
With the increased use of personal computers and the relative decline in societal awareness of heavy machinery, the term user interface is generally assumed to mean the graphical user interface, while industrial control panel and machinery control design discussions more commonly refer to human-machine interfaces.
Development of chemical pigments and dyes helped bring new industrial prosperity to Germany and other countries in northern Europe, but it brought dissolution and decline elsewhere.
It has seen a drop in population, particularly from 1975 to 1982 ; during these years of industrial decline, the population fell by 18, 000.
There are three thresholds each of which represents different level of decline in terms of points in Dow Jones industrial average.
The decline of the automatic spinning wheel in China is an important part of Elvin's high level equilibrium trap theory to explain why there was no indigenous industrial revolution in China despite its high levels of wealth and scientific knowledge.
Although the industrial base has been in decline in recent years, Brașov is still a site for manufacturing agricultural tractors and machinery, hydraulic transmissions, auto parts, ball-bearings, helicopters ( at the nearby IAR site in Ghimbav ), building materials, tools, furniture, textiles, shoes and cosmetics.
With closing at Lockheed and others, the end of the post-WWII boom based on building cars and aerospace ends — the area's industrial base is in decline.
Roth urged the government of Canada to provide " better tax treatment of stock options ", saying, " Policies and business strategies that worked well in the industrial era are a recipe for stagnation and decline in the new economy.
After the Second World War Clerkenwell suffered from industrial decline and many of the premises occupied by the engineering, printing publishing and meat and food trades ( the last mostly around Smithfield ) fell empty.
However ; due to increased running costs and the decline of industrial activity in the town it was closed in the early 1990s.
Later, smallmouth populations also began to decline after years of damage caused by overdevelopment and industrial and agricultural pollution, as well as a loss of river habitat caused by damming many formerly wild rivers in order to form lakes or reservoirs.
The late 19th century saw industrialization, immigration, and urbanization that fed the Industrial Revolution, and the heart of industrial domination and innovation was in the Great Lakes states of the Midwest, which only began its slow decline by the late 20th century.
Like other northeastern cities suffering from the effects of Post-World War II industrial decline, Lawrence has often made efforts at revitalization, some of them controversial.

decline and jobs
Milton Friedman, Nobel economist and advocate of laissez-faire capitalism, sought to show that unionisation produces higher wages ( for the union members ) at the expense of fewer jobs, and that, if some industries are unionized while others are not, wages will tend to decline in non-unionized industries.
Soon after the war, with the disappearance of Oakland's shipbuilding industry and the decline of its automobile industry, jobs became scarce.
The population peaked at more than two million residents in 1950, then began to decline with the restructuring of industry, which led to the loss of many middle-class union jobs.
A major decline in manufacturing in northern cities, with a shift of jobs to suburbs, the South and overseas, has led shifts in numbers of residents of all races increasing in suburbs, plus major shifts in population from the North to the Southwest, Pacific Northwest, and South.
Total filled jobs in 2000 were 38, 017, but preliminary estimates for 2001 reveal a 1. 1 % decline in employment.
Fearing another postwar decline that would rival the depression years, Governor Earl Warren initiated public works projects similar to those of the New Deal to capitalize on wartime tax surpluses and provide jobs for returning veterans.
In recent decades, however, the decline of tobacco, the railroads, and Fort Pickett has presented the county, like much of Southside Virginia, with economic difficulties and lead many Nottoway families to seek jobs and homes in Richmond and other prospering cities in central Virginia.
In the Midwest, neighborhoods were built on high wages from manufacturing union jobs ; these in-demand jobs dried up during the decline of industry and the ensuing downsizing at steel mills, auto plants, and other factories starting in the early 1970s.
Since the decline of these industries in the 1980s, employment has shifted towards service sector jobs.
The decline of the auto industry has forced Hartford City to be less of a “ bedroom community ” reliant on jobs relating to automobile parts manufacturing in nearby cities, and more focused on developing businesses within the city.
With the decline of whaling and associated shipbuilding, Mattapoisett transitioned into a popular summer vacation spot for prominent New York and Boston residents, including Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Today, the town is largely a suburban community, with most residents commuting to jobs in greater New Bedford, Providence or Boston, or operating businesses targeting summer tourism.
Kerkhoven's population has declined during the past 50 years due to the decline of agriculture based jobs.
With the decline of the railroad and the loss of textile factory jobs to foreign markets, West Jefferson's economy is increasingly devoted to the tourism industry.
The loss of many manufacturing jobs led to a decline in population and property values.
Like many small southern towns, Mount Gilead suffered decline with the loss of textile jobs.
With the restructuring of the steel industry and loss of industrial jobs, by the mid-1970s Brownsville suffered a severe decline, along with much of the Rust Belt.
Others are concerned that, like the town of Selinsgrove which is in decline, the bypass will mean the loss of local revenue and jobs that the travelers on the highway bring to the many local restaurants and hotels located along the current Rte 11 & 15 highway.
After the decline of both shipping and tourism, a shipyard built in 1917 and a 1918 pulp paper mill are credited with bringing new jobs to the town.
Coleman's administration coincided with some periods of broad social and economic challenges in the U. S. including recession, the oil-shock, decline of the U. S. automotive industry and loss of manufacturing sector jobs in the Midwest to other parts of the U. S. and the world.
Since the 1980s, Kettering has seen a slow decline in population because of an aging population and loss of manufacturing jobs.
After World War II, heavy industry saw a prolonged period of decline, drastically reducing the number of jobs in these areas.
In the 1920s people began to drift away ; bitterly cold winters, better paying jobs in nearby cities, and the difficulties of anyone in Wisconsin trying to making a living on small farms were all factors in the slow decline of the colony.

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