Typically these cases result from an action on the part of a business or a particular product defect or policy that applied to all proposed class members in a typical manner.

Strict limits for how small a point defect is, are generally not defined explicitly, but typically these defects involve at most a few extra or missing atoms.

Clinical phenotypes in these individuals range from a normal male habitus with mild spermatogenic defect or reduced secondary terminal hair, to a full female habitus, despite the presence of a Y-chromosome.

Instead of myopia being caused by a defect in a structural protein, defects in the control of these structural proteins might be the actual cause of myopia.

There are a number of alternatives proposed, including Robert Nozick's arguments for a requirement that knowledge ' tracks the truth ' and Simon Blackburn's additional requirement that we do not want to say that those who meet any of these conditions ' through a defect, flaw, or failure ' have knowledge.

In examining the causes of undesired childlessness, these later gynecological writers include information about sterility in men, rather than assuming some defect in the woman only.

Other more complex hybrids of these defect types are also possible.

Often these symptoms and behaviors are determined by the nature of the BDD sufferer's perceived defect ; for example, use of cosmetics is most common in those with a perceived skin defect.

Despite these rumours, Bercow did not defect to the Labour Party.

Hysteria, imbecility, cerebral defect, and menopause were advanced as theories to explain these seemingly nonsensical behaviors, and many linked kleptomania to immaturity, given the inclination of young children to take whatever they want.

Such a defect readily leads to uncontrollable replication of cells and might also explain the increase frequency of AML in these patients.

PNH occurs as a result of a defect in one of these mechanisms.

His payment for these deeds would be Mister Sinister's services as a scientist, to correct a genetic defect regarding Gambit's powers that was causing him to slowly lose control over them.

An F-Center or Farbe ( German for colour ) center is a type of crystallographic defect in which an anionic vacancy in a crystal is filled by one or more electrons, depending on the charge of the missing ion in the crystal or mainly due to the reason that when a compound is heated to a high temperature ( mainly metallic oxides ) the electrons get excited and get displaced from their respective positions in their crystal structure but while doing so these electrons leave behind some electrons in the vacated spaces.

The analogous result holds for hyperbolic triangles, with " excess " replaced by " defect "; these are both special cases of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem.

In Anderson's idealized model these material parameters are unchanged when the materials are brought together to form an interface, so it ignores the quantum size effect, defect states and other perturbations which may or may not be the result of imperfect crystal lattice matches ( more on lattice considerations below ).

Each of the angles is 108 °; three of these meet at each vertex, so the defect is 360 ° − ( 108 ° + 108 ° + 108 °) = 36 °.

In these people the defect had the effect of an isolated impairment of sex steroid ( e. g., DHEA in the adrenal, but also gonadal testosterone and estrogens ) synthesis, whereas mineralocorticoid ( e. g., aldosterone ) and glucocorticoid ( e. g., cortisol ) levels remain normal.

Presumably, the genetic defect in these individuals causes less " heterozygous insufficiency ," meaning they retain enough gene function to yield a milder phenotype.

Together, these findings strongly suggest that language impairments are the result of an underlying neurological defect in an area of the brain related to language.

Although the specific cause of patellar luxation is unknown in these cases, it is generally agreed that a defect in hind limb conformation is the underlying cause.

* In cancer cells, aneuploidy is a frequent event, indicating that these cells present a defect in the machinery involved in chromosome segregation, as well as in the mechanism ensuring that segregation is correctly performed.

The value of B strongly depends on the energy required to dissociate the charge carriers that are used for the electrical conduction from these defect centers.

Various proposals have been offered to remedy this defect.

We believe that autism, like so many other conditions of defect and deviation, is to a large extent inborn.

In New Jersey, for example, the Administrative Office of the Court has promulgated a form of notice of appeal for use by appellants, though using this exact form is not mandatory and the failure to use it is not a jurisdictional defect provided that all pertinent information is set forth in whatever form of notice of appeal is used.

It is part of the field of biomechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control lost by trauma, disease, or defect.

The number of neutrons, N, is known as the neutron number of the atom ; thus, A = Z + N. Since protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass ( and the mass of the electrons is negligible for many purposes ), and the mass defect is usually very small compared to the mass, the atomic mass of an atom is roughly equal to A.

and Nagaoka himself recognized a fundamental defect in the theory even at its conception, namely that a classical charged object cannot sustain orbital motion because it is accelerating and therefore loses energy due to electromagnetic radiation.

Albinism ( from Latin albus, " white "; see extended etymology, also called achromia, achromasia, or achromatosis ) is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes due to absence or defect of tyrosinase, a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin.

Another common type of crystallographic defect is an impurity, meaning that the " wrong " type of atom is present in a crystal.

Twinning is a phenomenon somewhere between a crystallographic defect and a grain boundary.

A vacancy ( or pair of vacancies in an ionic solid ) is sometimes called a Schottky defect.

* A nearby pair of a vacancy and an interstitial is often called a Frenkel defect or Frenkel pair.

This is neither a vacant site nor is the atom on an interstitial site and it is called a substitutional defect.

If one cube has an A atom at its center, the atom is on a site usually occupied by a B atom, and is thus an antisite defect.

The House of Lords asked the judges of the common law courts to answer five questions on insanity as a criminal defence, and the formulation that emerged from their review — that a defendant should not be held responsible for his actions only if, as a result of his mental disease or defect, he ( i ) did not know that his act would be wrong ; or ( ii ) did not understand the nature and quality of his actions — became the basis of the law governing legal responsibility in cases of insanity in England.

: the jurors ought to be told in all cases that every man is to be presumed to be sane, and to possess a sufficient degree of reason to be responsible for his crimes, until the contrary be proved to their satisfaction ; and that to establish a defence on the ground of insanity, it must be clearly proved that, at the time of the committing of the act, the party accused was labouring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing ; or, if he did know it, that he did not know he was doing what was wrong.

These bishops were powerful landowners as well as ecclesiastical rulers, and they had begun to build new castles and increase the size of their military forces, leading Stephen to suspect that they were about to defect to the Empress Matilda.

Because of this, the American Whippet Club recommends that all breeders test for this defect in their breeding stock.

One 1955 MKUltra document gives an indication of the size and range of the effort ; this document refers to the study of an assortment of mind-altering substances described as follows: The CIA wanted to know if they could make Russian spies defect against their will and whether the Russians could do the same to their own operatives.

Body dysmorphic disorder is seen as playing a large role in the lives of those who are obsessed with going under the knife in order to correct a perceived defect in their appearance.

One experiment has demonstrated that using the enzyme sialidase allows the genetic defect to be effectively bypassed, and as a consequence, GM2 gangliosides are metabolized so that their levels become almost inconsequential.

But with the sudden demand of blue puppies many American Bully owners started inbreeding their dogs to produce more of the blue gene ; the blue is actually a genetic defect of the black genome.

These bishops were powerful landowners as well as ecclesiastical rulers, and they had begun to build new castles and increase the size of their military forces, leading Stephen to suspect that they were about to defect to the Empress Matilda.

Rodríguez de Montalvo asserts that in the " original " Amadís, Esplandián eventually kills his father for this offense against his mother's honor ; however, Montalvo amends this defect and resolves their conflict peaceably.

For example, 12. 1 ( 8 ) E14 is a Rebuild, the 14 denoting the 14th rebuild of 12. 1 ( 8 ) E. Rebuilds are produced to either quickly repair a defect, or to satisfy customers who do not want to upgrade to a later major revision because they may be running critical infrastructure on their devices, and hence prefer to minimise change and risk.

The Grubs work for Zurg against their will and also desire freedom, but many of them are simply too afraid to try to defect.

In other words, rootkit detectors that work while running on infected systems are only effective against rootkits that have some defect in their camouflage, or that run with lower user-mode privileges than the detection software in the kernel.

More and more Navigators are dying from withdrawal of the spice — including Ardrae, " one of the oldest remaining Navigators " — and many defect and disappear into space rather than allow the devices on their ships.

In consequence of a defect in the auspices, he and his colleagues resigned, and consuls were appointed in their stead.

He briefly works undercover in the Mutant Liberation Front, after pretending to defect to their side.

During the greater part of the reign of George IV the Whigs lost their influence in the state from their want of cohesion, but this defect was soon remedied in 1830 when Lord Althorp was chosen their leader in the lower house, and his capacity for the position was proved by experience.

The Persians had the sympathy of several Greek city-states, including Argos, which had pledged to defect when the Persians reached their borders.

( This is not the case with certain 1950's Chrysler products that carried their parking brake on the transmission tailshaft, a defect compounded by the provision of a bumper jack ).

In stringed instruments like the harpsichord, the short octave system created a defect: the strings which were tuned to mismatch their keyboard notes were in general too short to sound the reassigned note with good tone quality.