André-Louis Debierne, a French chemist, announced the discovery of a new element in 1899.

* 1774 – British scientist Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.

He is credited with the discovery of the element arsenic and experimented with photosensitive chemicals, including silver nitrate.

Similar to the nearly simultaneous discovery of americium ( element 95 ) and curium ( element 96 ) in 1944, the new elements berkelium and californium ( element 98 ) were both produced in 1949 – 1950.

Thus the discovery report by the Berkeley group reads: " It is suggested that element 97 be given the name berkelium ( symbol Bk ) after the city of Berkeley in a manner similar to that used in naming its chemical homologue terbium ( atomic number 65 ) whose name was derived from the town of Ytterby, Sweden, where the rare earth minerals were first found.

The elements are listed generally in the order in which each was first defined as the pure element, as the exact date of discovery of most elements cannot be accurately defined.

The priority of the discovery and therefore the naming of the element was disputed between Soviet and American scientists, and it was not until 1997 that International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) established Soviet team priority and a compromise name of dubnium as the official name for the element.

Simple Dublin Core comprises 15 elements ; Qualified Dublin Core includes three additional elements ;— Audience, Provenance and RightsHolder ;— as well as a group of element refinements, also called qualifiers, that refine the semantics of the elements in ways that may be useful in resource discovery.

While this may result in some loss of specificity, the remaining element value ( without the qualifier ) should continue to be generally correct and useful for discovery.

Some < sup > 238 </ sup > U atoms, however, could absorb another two neutrons ( for a total of 17 ), resulting in < sup > 255 </ sup > Es, as well as in the < sup > 255 </ sup > Fm isotope of another new element, fermium .< ref >< sup > 254 </ sup > Es, < sup > 254 </ sup > Fm and < sup > 253 </ sup > Fm would not be produced because of lack of beta decay in < sup > 254 </ sup > Cf and < sup > 253 </ sup > Es </ ref > The discovery of the new elements and the associated new data on multiple neutron capture were initially kept secret on the orders of the U. S. military until 1955 due to Cold War tensions and competition with Soviet Union in nuclear technologies.

" Because he realized that " gadolinia " was the oxide of a new element, he is credited with discovery of gadolinium.

* In his short story The Harbor Master, by Robert W. Chambers, the discovery and attempted recovery of the last known pair of Great Auks is central to the plot ( which also involves a proto-Lovecraftian element of suspense ).

The formal discovery of the element was made in 1895 by two Swedish chemists, Per Teodor Cleve and Nils Abraham Langlet, who found helium emanating from the uranium ore cleveite.

In the official discovery of the element in 1984, the team at GSI studied the reaction using the alpha decay genetic correlation method.

Before Moseley's discovery, the atomic numbers ( or elemental number ) of an element had been thought of as a semi-arbitrary sequential number, based on the sequence of atomic masses, but modified somewhat where chemists found this to be desirable, such as by the great Russian chemist, Dimitri Ivanovich Mendeleev.

Chemical separation of the new formed elements from the uranium yielded material with low half-life, and, therefore, Fermi announced the discovery of a new element in 1934, though this was soon found to be mistaken.

Later work in 1967 at Berkeley and 1971 at Oak Ridge fully confirmed the discovery of element 102 and clarified earlier observations.

The word was coined by scientist Andreas von Antropoff in 1926 ( before the discovery of the neutron itself ) for the conjectured " element of atomic number zero " that he placed at the head of the periodic table.

In 1938, during a nuclear experiment conducted at Ohio State University, a few radioactive nuclides were produced that certainly were not radioisotopes of neodymium or samarium, but there was a lack of chemical proof that element 61 was produced, and the discovery was not generally recognized.

For a long time chemists searched for eka-tantalum as an element with similar chemical properties as tantalum, making a discovery of protactinium nearly impossible.

The priority of the discovery and therefore the naming of the element was disputed between Soviet and American scientists, and it was not until 1997 that International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) established rutherfordium as the official name for the element.

In 1992, the IUPAC-IUPAP Transfermium Working Group ( TWG ) assessed the claims of discovery and concluded that only the Dubna work from 1966 correctly detected and assigned decays to Z = 102 nuclei at the time.

That machine was used in the discovery of elements 102-106 ( 102, nobelium ; 103, lawrencium ; 104, rutherfordium ; 105, dubnium and 106, seaborgium ), each produced and identified on the basis of only a few atoms.

However, since the earlier policy as described in the Bylaws of October 2002 placed the HL7 protocol specifications in the Public Domain, and under 17 USC § 102 there is no copyright protection for an " idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery ", this revised policy may not be enforceable.

102, 9 April 1892, on the occasion of The Times newspaper commenting on Denning's discovery of a small faint comet on Friday 18 March 1892 at Bishopton, Bristol

After the discovery of Messier 101, 102 and 103 in 1781, Messier himself had no occasion to carry out more detailed observations of these clusters and included them as a last-minute addition to his catalogue using the data of Méchain.

Henrietta's feeling of identity with Sara Sullam was crowned by her discovery of the coincidence that Sara's epitaph in the Jewish cemetery in Venice referred to her as `` the Sulamite ''.

I fled, however, not from what might have been the natural fear of being unable to disguise from you that the things about my bridegroom -- in the sense you meant the word `` things '' -- which you had been galvanizing yourself to tell me as a painful part of your maternal duty were things which I had already insisted upon finding out for myself ( despite, I may now say, the unspeakable awkwardness of making the discovery on principle, yes, on principle, and in cold blood ) because I was resolved, as a modern woman, not to be a mollycoddle waiting for Life but to seize Life by the throat.

Just as I was about to enlarge upon my discovery of the underside of the leaf of love, memory, displeased at being asked to yield its unsavory secrets, dashed ahead of me, calling back over its shoulder: `` Skip it.

This complacency was blown to bits by the relativity of Einstein, the revelation of the complex anatomy of the atom and the discovery of the expanding universe.

He was stirred by the announcement of Volta's discovery of chemical electricity and he immediately applied the voltaic pile to experiments with acids and alkalis.

Esmarch was among those who witnessed Oersted's first demonstration of his discovery.

In this connection, it might be noted that the theory of games was a mathematical discovery long before its uses in political science were exploited.

To find a place for them in their theory of knowledge would require them to revise the theory radically, and yet that theory was what they regarded as their most important discovery.

And an additional factor was helping to make women more sexually self-assertive -- the comparatively recent discovery of the true depths of female desire and response.

His chief discovery was important -- the Great North ( later, the Hudson ) River -- but it produced no northwest passage.

The discovery during the Second World War that guar gum was similar to imported locust gum increased its cultivation in western Asia and initiated it in the United States.

The discovery that movies are a form of fiction was made in the early years of this century and it was made chiefly by two men, a French magician, Georges Melies, and an American employee of Edison, Edwin S. Porter.

This discovery of Melies was vastly more important than his sometimes dazzling, magician's tricks produced on film.

This reviewer read the book when it was first brought out in England with a sense of discovery and excitement.

The Norse discovery was documented in the 13th century Icelandic Sagas and was corroborated by recent L ' Anse aux Meadows archeological evidence.

An early pioneer of radio astronomy was Grote Reber, an amateur astronomer who constructed the first purpose built radio telescope in the late 1930s to follow up on the discovery of radio wavelength emissions from space by Karl Jansky.

The discovery was kept secret and only released to the public in November 1945.

The discovery of americium and curium in 1944 was closely related to the Manhattan Project ; the results were confidential and declassified only in 1945.

Thomson theorized that multiple electrons revolved in orbit-like rings within a positively charged jelly-like substance, and between the electron's discovery and 1909, this " plum pudding model " was the most widely accepted explanation of atomic structure.

In the end, this was solved by the discovery of modern quantum mechanics and the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

The discovery of CP violation helped to shed light on this problem by showing that this symmetry, originally thought to be perfect, was only approximate.

The discovery was made public at a recent meeting of the Brazilian Geophysical Society in Rio de Janeiro.

The discovery of such a powerful antibiotic was unprecedented, and the development of penicillin led to renewed interest in the search for antibiotic compounds with similar efficacy and safety.