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double and jeopardy
And due to the double jeopardy principle, the state or prosecution may never appeal a jury or bench verdict of acquittal.
" trial on the same charges in the circuit court does not violate double jeopardy principles,.
In contrast to other common law nations, Australian double jeopardy law has been held to extend to the prevention of prosecution for perjury following a previous acquittal where a finding of perjury would controvert the previous acquittal.
During a Council of Australian Governments meeting of 2007, model legislation to rework double jeopardy laws was drafted, but there was no formal agreement for each state to introduce it.
On 17 October 2006, the NSW Parliament passed legislation abolishing the rule against double jeopardy in cases where:
In South Australia, on 30 July 2008 the government introduced legislation to scrap parts of its double jeopardy law.
In Western Australia, on 8 September 2011 amendments were introduced in the parliament to reform the state's double jeopardy laws.
In Queensland on 18 October 2007, the double jeopardy laws were modified to allow a retrial where fresh and compelling evidence becomes available after an acquittal for murder or a ' tainted acquittal ' for a crime carrying a 25-year or more sentence.
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms includes provisions such as section 11 ( h ) prohibiting double jeopardy.
If the acquittal is thrown out, the new trial is not considered to be double jeopardy because the first trial and its judgment would have been annulled.
This is not considered to be double jeopardy, either – in this case, the appeal and subsequent conviction are deemed to be a continuation of the original trial.
Article 50 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union protects against double jeopardy.
All members of the Council of Europe ( which includes nearly all European countries, and every member of the European Union ) have signed the European Convention on Human Rights, which protects against double jeopardy.
In those member states, national rules governing double jeopardy may or may not comply with the provision cited above.
In many European countries the prosecution may appeal an acquittal to a higher court ( similar to the provisions of Canadian law ) – this is not counted as double jeopardy but as a continuation of the same trial.
In Germany, the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany does not provide comprehensive protection against double jeopardy.
Based on pre-constitutional case law, the clause is constructed to also protect against double jeopardy in the case of an acquittal.
The Penal Procedural Code ( Strafprozessordnung – StPO ) provides some exceptions to the double jeopardy rule:
A partial protection against double jeopardy is a Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 20 ( 2 ) of the Constitution of India.
: No person shall be held criminally liable for an act which was lawful at the time it was committed, or of which he has been acquitted, nor shall he be placed in double jeopardy.
Article 13 of the South Korean constitution provides that no citizen shall be shall be placed in double jeopardy.
Following the murder of Stephen Lawrence, the Macpherson Report recommended that the double jeopardy rule should be abrogated in murder cases, and that it should be possible to subject an acquitted murder suspect to a second trial if " fresh and viable " new evidence later came to light.
There have been exceptions to double jeopardy in the past, such as the retrial of officers involved in the 1991 Rodney King beating.
In Grady v. Corbin ( 1990 ), the Court held that a double jeopardy violation could lie even where the Blockburger test was not satisfied, but Grady was overruled in United States v. Dixon ( 1993 ).

double and rule
For bridged alkenes, the Bredt's rule states that a double bond cannot be placed at the bridgehead of a bridged ring system, unless the rings are large enough.
If the two carbon atoms at the double bond are linked to a different number of hydrogen atoms, the halogen is found preferentially at the carbon with fewer hydrogen substituents ( Markovnikov's rule ).
Some players may opt to invoke The Murphy rule or the " automatic double rule.
The Jacoby rule, named after Oswald Jacoby, allows gammons and backgammons to count for their respective double and triple values only if the cube has already been offered and accepted.
If the Crawford rule is in effect, then another option is the Holland rule, which stipulates that after the Crawford game, a player cannot double until after at least two rolls have been played by each side.
The carbocation can be formed on either side of the double bond depending on the groups attached to its ends, and the preferred configuration can be predicted with the Markovnikov's rule.
Orchestral parts rarely demand the double bass exceed a two-octave range ( an example of an exception to this rule is Orff's Carmina Burana, which calls for three octaves and a perfect fourth ).
A batted ball that hits the ground ( in fair territory ) and bounces out of play is not a home run, but a ground rule double.
As a rule, only very advanced horses and riders use double bridles.
The double negation introduction rule is:
and the double negation elimination rule is:
The double negation introduction rule may be written in sequent notation:
The double negation elimination rule may be written as:
Thus single decade scales C and D range from 1 to 10 across the entire width of the slide rule while double decade scales A and B range from 1 to 100 over the width of the slide rule.
When this occurs, the umpires will call time and may rule the play a ground-rule double.
Article 49 of the PRC Law on Protection of Consumer's Rights and Interests enacted on October 31, 1993 provides the rule that any consumer is entitled to a recovery of double the purchase price of products or service from the seller or service provider against their defraud.
In a qualification game for the 1994 Caribbean Cup, Barbados deliberately scored a late own goal in a successful attempt to advance to the finals stage by forcing golden-goal extra time against Grenada, as an unusual tournament rule stated that golden goals counted as double.
A double asterisk indicates a form that would be expected according to rule, but is not actually found:

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